Power Assists for Manual Wheelchairs
After seeing another post talking about how little-known a lot of details about power-assist devices are, I thought I'd make this post describing them. There's more types than most think, and each has different strengths and weaknesses.
Rear-mounted / Push assist
Examples include: Alber Smoov, Empulse R90, Permobil SmartDrive (not pictured)
Benefits: Compact and efficient, easy (relatively) to put on and take off, stays within existing footprint of chair so great for tight spaces and indoors. You push and steer as normal, with extra force behind you.
Drawbacks: Most struggle with loose ground and gravel. Folding frames will require an adapter. Smartdrive specifically has faced a lot of tech problems in the last two years including controller recalls, but used to be highly appreciated.
Function note: Braking and steering is still on your shoulders, arms, and hands. Controllers may be small (but multiple options tend to exist for each model). Removal and attaching while in chair requires torso twisting.
Best used: Indoor and mostly level outdoor. Good for going about town and getting up hills or through long days.
Front-mounted / Pull assist
Examples include: Rio Mobilty Firefly, Empulse F55, EZ Ride (not pictured)
Benefits: The best assist for rough terrain and the outdoors. Generally also the fastest, depending on the model. Push-free - motor does all the work.
Drawbacks: Take up a lot of space - difficult indoors and on public transport. Not suitable for all frames. Folding frames will need an adapter.
Function note: Requires holding arms aloft for extended periods.
Best used: Long distance or outdoor. Good for getting across grass (with various models of different wheel sizes for different terrain).
Power assist wheels - Push-propelled
Examples include: Yamaha NaviOne, Alber E-Motion, Quickie Xtender (not pictured)
Benefits: Intuitive! They move the same way the chair moves without power assist, and you control everything with your arms and hands just as you would without it. They effectively multiply the force of each push, meaning you can go further with far less force and effort needed. Works on folding chairs. Some models have features that can help with difficult areas like heavily cambered footpaths or safely descending steep hills.
Drawbacks: Manual (unassisted) propelling is harder due to the weight of the assist itself. Some models temperamental about actions like pop-ups and wheelies. Cannot put on or take off this assist while in your chair; many leave them attached.
Function note: Best used to reduce shoulder injury/wear and fatigue; still requires arm function to use, however some models can compensate for single sided weakness with "hemi mode" adjustments.
Best used: Daily life indoors and outdoors; wherever you'd take your chair normally.
Power assist wheels - Joystick-operated
Examples include: Empulse M90, Alber E-Fix, Yamaha NaviGo (not pictured)
Benefits: Controlled completely through joystick, but wheels still usable without assist engaged. Allows both manual propelling and joystick use. Works on folding chairs. Some models have features that can help with difficult areas like heavily cambered footpaths or safely descending steep hills.
Drawbacks: Manual (unassisted) propelling is harder due to the weight of the assist itself. Some models temperamental about actions like pop-ups and wheelies. Cannot put on or take off this assist while in your chair; many leave them attached.
Function note: Joystick positions can be awkward on some models. Propelling requires additional effort when wheels are off.
Best used: Daily life indoors and outdoors; wherever you'd take your chair normally. Sometimes used as alternative to powerchair for people with low-moderate positioning needs who cannot use a powerchair for some reason (such as not having access to a wheelchair-accessible vehicle) - comes with drawbacks.
In order: Benoit Light Drive, Klaxon Twist, Empulse R10 caregiver assist
Different models of power assist that don't fit the above categories do exist. The Light Drive works by applying force directly to the wheels, and is somewhat similar to power assist wheels to use. The Klaxon Twist is able to be configured in different ways; it can be rear- or front-mounted. The Empulse R10 is not designed for a wheelchair user to operate at all, it is for caregivers; the wheel is further under the chair to stay out of the way of their feet, with a controller mounted on the push handles.
There are many more models of power assist, but this is a broad overview of what's out there to help people understand their options and not think they're limited to just one option, when so many ways to support independence exist.