"Emotional abuse may be the most damaging form of maltreatment due to causing damage to a child’s developing brain affecting their emotional and physical health as well as their social and cognitive development." Specifically, emotional abuse causes physical damage to the brain and nervous system. It "causes changes in the brain, specifically in regions associated with understating and controlling emotions and recognizing and responding to the feelings of others. Their study found thinning in the tissue of the brain that helps with self-awareness and emotional regulation, particularly in the prefrontal cortex and medial temporal lobe."
"Neuropathologists have seen overlapping effects of physical and emotional trauma upon the brain. With such an overlap it can be seen that both of these traumas have a detrimental effect upon the Amygdala, the Hippocampus and the Prefrontal cortex of the brain. Meaning that Emotional Trauma... does indeed result in brain injury/damage."
Further "research indicates that the resulting mental health problems are similar regardless of whether the maltreatment is physical, psychological, sexual, emotional, or some combination." Additionally, "psychological child abuse can be particularly devastating for those victimized by their parents."
Researchers who used the National Child Traumatic Stress Network Core Data Set to examine outcomes found that "children who had been psychologically abused suffered from anxiety, depression, low self-esteem, symptoms of post-traumatic stress and suicidality at the same rate and, in some cases, at a greater rate than children who were physically or sexually abused."
Studies show that "emotional abuse (EA) was associated with suicidal ideation and attempts, mainly for serious suicide attempts."
We know that emotional abuse causes (C)PTSD and acts as a compounding factor on other forms of abuse. We know that the symptoms of (C)PTSD have a significant overlap with those of physical TBI (traumatic brain injury).
Studies on grief have provided strong evidence of emotional TBI and that "both physical and emotional TBI have systemic effects due to hormonal and inflammatory mediators, including changes in proinflammatory cytokine levels, immune cell function, and heart rate variability."
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