DID, OSDD1, PDID, and UDD (unspecified dissociative disorder) are all complex dissociative disorders which lead to a person becoming plural
Dissociative amnesia, depersonalisation / derealization disorder, OSDD 2-4, are dissociative disorders, and do not lead to plurality
UDD is a CDD not mentioned in this comic, it is a diagnosis for when someone doesn’t meet the criteria of other dissociative disorders, and the psychologist is unable or unwilling to specify, commonly used as a temporary diagnosis in emergency situations such as in the emergency room.
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wait, im kinda confused now, doesn't osdd also develop from a trauma in childhood? Or am i missing something??
OSDD is not just the “plural disorder.” OSDD-1, the ones with alters and systems, does form from childhood trauma. OSDD is diagnosed when someone shows signs of a dissociative disorder, but does not meet criteria for an already existing dissociative disorder.
The main dissociative disorders are Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID), Dissociative Amnesia, and Derealization Depersonalization Disorder (DPDR).
If one does not meet the criteria for those but shows signs of a dissociative disorder that significantly impacts their life and functioning, they can be diagnosed with OSDD; and usually the person will be given a reason as to why they were diagnosed with it, but not something else.
There’s technically 4 “types” of OSDD, but i remember that someone will not be diagnosed with “OSDD-1” or “OSDD-2.”
I feel it also important to mention that, according to the wiki, these are not actually types; they’re just examples of presentations that can be experienced or observed in those diagnosed with OSDD. There could be more and different examples of presentations possible with OSDD.
It is just all OSDD, and a reason will be specified. Taken directly from the wiki, “An example would be specifying "OSDD (dissociative trance)".”
Someone who shows signs of a dissociative disorder but doesn’t mean criteria for the ones above, and isn’t given a reason why, can be diagnosed with Unspecified Dissociative Disorder or UDD.
These guys can also potentially have alters and systems and the like, they just aren’t diagnosed with DID or OSDD either because of a lack of meeting criteria somehow, or more likely, because there’s a lack of sufficient time. Possibly other reasons as well.
Taken from the Wiki, these are the 4 descriptions of 4 example presentations that can be present in the “catch all” diagnosis of OSDD;
“Chronic and recurrent syndromes of mixed dissociative symptoms:
The DSM states, "This category includes identity disturbance associated with less-than-marked discontinuities in sense of self and agency, or alterations of identity or episodes of possession in an individual who reports no dissociative amnesia".
The ICD-11 describes this presentation as "Partial dissociative identity disorder".
(This is the one commonly referred to as OSDD-1/OSDD1, and OSDD-1A and OSDD-1B. Systems and alters, like DID, but not DID because they fail to meet a specific criteria to be diagnosed with DID. OSDD-1A and OSDD-1B are also community terms im sure, someone will not be diagnosed with these letters or terms or numbers.)
Identity disturbance due to prolonged and intense coercive persuasion:
The DSM gives the examples of "brainwashing, thought reform, programming, indoctrination while captive, torture, long-term political imprisonment, recruitment by sects/cults or by terror organizations." People with this presentation, as a result, may experience distressing changes to and/or questioning of their identity.
(This one is commonly called OSDD-2. A very well known but fictional example of this is the Winter Soldier/Bucky Barnes from the MCU and Peeta Mellark from the Hunger Games series, although neither are officially or canonically diagnosed.)
Acute dissociative reactions to stressful events:
This category is used for acute dissociative episodes which may last anywhere from a few hours to weeks, but typically less than a month. The dissociative conditions are characterised by "constriction of consciousness", including "depersonalization; derealization; perceptual disturbances (e.g., time slowing, macropsia); micro-amnesias; transient stupor; and/or alterations in sensory-motor functioning (e.g., analgesia, paralysis)."
(OSDD-3.)
Dissociative Trance:
This category represents a dissociative trance; "an acute narrowing or complete loss of awareness of immediate surroundings that manifests as profound unresponsiveness or insensitivity to environmental stimuli." The DSM specifies that "The dissociative trance is not a normal part of a broadly accepted collective cultural or religious practice".
In the ICD-11, this condition warrants a separate diagnosis of Trance disorder.”
(OSDD-4.)
So all in all, OSDD is simply a “catch all” diagnosis. Those diagnosed with it can have prolonged, childhood trauma—and those diagnosed with the first example presentation of OSDD typically and often do—but experiencing prolonged, childhood trauma is not a requirement or required thing to be diagnosed with OSDD.
“OSDD-2” is often even something that’s diagnosed due to extensive trauma, abuse, and manipulation experienced later in life as teenagers, young adults, adults, or even elderly.
One can experience this type of abuse as a child as well of course, but it’s not childhood specific.
Those who undergo the same type of abuse and trauma that those with “OSDD-2” (aka OSDD (Identity disturbance due to prolonged and intense coercive persuasion)) do, can instead be diagnosed with DID or “OSDD-1” (aka OSDD (Chronic and recurrent syndromes of mixed dissociative symptoms)) if they’re a system (because im pretty sure someone will not be diagnosed with two dissociative disorders, even if their experiences and symptoms match up or overlap with two), and not everyone who undergoes the abuse and trauma that those with OSDD-2 do will be diagnosed with OSDD-2 or any type of dissociative disorder.
For example, not every survivor of human trafficking or other forms of organized abuse develops a dissociative disorder or is diagnosed with OSDD-2, even if they experience some dissociative symptoms (likely as coping mechanisms, as opposed to the coercive and external, induced nature of dissociation in OSDD-2) and likely have PTSD/C-PTSD symptoms. Just the same as not every cult survivor is diagnosed with OSDD-2.
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If you’ve been diagnosed with any form of of OSDD (or are in a system with someone who has been), one of my friend’s friends would be very grateful if you would be willing to fill out this Google form: https://forms.gle/9i5MCKNK6TocGEjQ8
You aren't required to answer every question, but anything you can give will be greatly appreciated :)
It’s a questionnaire about OSDD and accessibility, for their college research, and it only asks for information relevant to your personal experience as an OSDD-haver. Your email address will not be recorded.
Info post on OSDD because the amount of confusion about it online is crazy.
This post is about OSDD, do not derail it. Don't drag endo shit in here either. When I say system I am referring to somebody with a CDD.
Also, I won't be talking about how OSDD actually functions as a dissociative disorder, nor will I be going into full detail on how CDDs form. I'm just explaining what OSDD is as a classification and defining some community terms.
Last thing, here's another post about the same subject. It has colored text if you're into that for readability.
Basics (& common misconceptions)
OSDD-1, OSDD-2, OSDD-3, and OSDD-4 are examples of OSDD given in the DSM. They are not the only types of OSDD.
Other Specified Dissociative Disorder, AKA OSDD, is any dissociative disorder that is not better explained by DID, DPDR, or Dissociative Amnesia, and the clinician chooses to specify why criteria are not met. OSDD is not limited to the 4 given examples. Unspecified Dissociative Disorder, AKA UDD or USDD, is any dissociative disorder that is not better explained by DID, DPDR, or Dissociative Amnesia, and the clinician does not specify why criteria are not met. So, no, DID and OSDD are not the same. We'll get further into that later, though.
Bit of a long quote from the DSM-5, but it's a very important one (defines other specified and unspecified disorders):
"DSM-5 provides two diagnostic options for presentations that do not meet the diagnostic criteria for any of the specific DSM-5 disorders: other specified disorder and unspecified disorder. The other specified category is provided to allow the clinician to communicate the specific reason that the presentation does not meet the criteria for any specific category within a diagnostic class. This is done by recording the name of the category, followed by the specific reason. For example, with an individual with persistent hallucinations occurring in the absence of any other psychotic symptoms (a presentation that does not meet criteria for any of the specific disorders in the chapter “Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders”), the clinician would record “other specified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder, with persistent auditory hallucinations.” If the clinician chooses not to specify the reason that the criteria are not met for a specific disorder, then “unspecified schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder” would be diagnosed. Note that the differentiation between other specified and unspecified disorders is based on the clinician’s choice to indicate or not the reasons why the presentation does not meet full criteria, providing maximum flexibility for diagnosis. When the clinician determines that there is enough available clinical information to specify the nature of the presentation, the “other specified” diagnosis can be given. In those cases where the clinician is not able to further specify the clinical presentation (e.g., in emergency room settings), the “unspecified” diagnosis can be given. This is entirely a matter of clinical judgment."
4 examples of OSDD
"Chronic and recurrent syndromes of mixed dissociative symptoms: This category includes identity disturbance associated with less-than-marked discontinuities in sense of self and agency, or alterations of identity or episodes of possession in an individual who reports no dissociative amnesia." — Referred to as OSDD-1 in community terms. Amnesia with less-than-marked discontinuities in sense of self and agency is called OSDD-1a in community terms. Alterations of identity or episodes of possession in an individual who reports no dissociative amnesia is called OSDD-1b in community terms. (Talk more on 1a & 1b later)
"Identity disturbance due to prolonged and intense coercive persuasion: Individuals who have been subjected to intense coercive persuasion (e.g., brainwashing, thought reform, indoctrination while captive, torture, long-term political imprisonment, recruitment by sects/cults or by terror organizations) may present with prolonged changes in, or conscious questioning of, their identity." — Referred to as OSDD-2 in community terms.
"Acute dissociative reactions to stressful events: This category is for acute, transient conditions that typically last less than 1 month, and sometimes only a few hours or days. These conditions are characterized by constriction of consciousness; depersonalization; derealization; perceptual disturbances (e.g., time slowing, macropsia); microamnesias; transient stupor; and/or alterations in sensory-motor functioning (e.g., analgesia, paralysis)." — Referred to as OSDD-3 in community terms.
"Dissociative trance: This condition is characterized by an acute narrowing or complete loss of awareness of immediate surroundings that manifests as profound unresponsiveness or insensitivity to environmental stimuli. The unresponsiveness may be accompanied by minor stereotyped behaviors (e.g., finger movements) of which the individual is unaware and/or that he or she cannot control, as well as transient paralysis or loss of consciousness. The dissociative trance is not a normal part of a broadly accepted collective cultural or religious practice." — Referred to as OSDD-4 in community terms. Important to note that dissociative trances can also occur in CDDs.
Bonus addition, OSDD-4 is classified as Trance Disorder in the ICD. You can read about Trance Disorder here. Possession Trance Disorder (another ICD exclusive) is also similar and can be read about here.
OSDD-1, OSDD-2, etc are not diagnostic terms. If you have "OSDD-3", your diagnosis will read something like "Other Specified Dissociative Disorder with acute dissociative reactions to stressful events". It will not say OSDD-3.
Still, I'm not against the usage of 1-4 (& 1a/1b) as community terms. It's much easier and gets the same point across.
OSDD-1 / OSDD systems
First, CDD stands for Complex Dissociative Disorder. It is not a specific diagnosis, it's a term that refers to dissociative disorders that cause alters. CDDs are DID, P-DID (ICD), OSDD-1, and sometimes UDD/USDD. Those with CDDs are referred to as systems. CDDs require trauma and dissociation at a young age in order to form.
Criterion A of DID: "Disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personality states, which may be described in some cultures as an experience of possession. The disruption in identity involves marked discontinuity in sense of self and sense of agency, accompanied by related alterations in affect, behavior, consciousness, memory, perception, cognition, and/or sensory-motor functioning. These signs and symptoms may be observed by others or reported by the individual." (Simplified: Presence of marked discontinuities in sense of self and agency, AKA alters.)
Criterion B of DID: "Recurrent gaps in the recall of everyday events, important personal information, and/or traumatic events that are inconsistent with ordinary forgetting." (Simplified: Presence of recurring amnesia.)
OSDD-1 is when all criteria are met for DID, minus either criterion A or criterion B.
The terms OSDD-1a and OSDD-1b are inspired by the DSM 4, where DDNOS-1a and DDNOS-1b were possible diagnoses. DDNOS-1a also referred to less-than-marked alters with amnesia and DDNOS-1b referred to marked alters without amnesia. OSDD-1 is more of a spectrum though, so it's possible to not cleanly fit into "1a" or "1b". Also, some people seem to think that those with OSDD-1a have no alters at all. This isn't true. If there is no presence of alters, it is Dissociative Amnesia, not OSDD-1.
OSDD-2 is a not a CDD, as the identity disturbance in it is not alters. OSDD-2 isn't limited to childhood trauma and may be formed as an adult, thus it's not possible for OSDD-2 to be a CDD.
Can't think of anything else to add. Thanks for reading. Also I didn't spellcheck this or anything sorry if there's typos.
