Greek theater, gymnasium and peripteral temple from Stratonicea Caria, Turkey

romaâ

blake kathryn
we're not kids anymore.

if i look back, i am lost

â
Not today Justin
Sade Olutola
RMH

ellievsbear
PUT YOUR BEARD IN MY MOUTH
hello vonnie
Today's Document
YOU ARE THE REASON
Monterey Bay Aquarium
styofa doing anything

â
trying on a metaphor
Jules of Nature
$LAYYYTER

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@naomileblanc
Greek theater, gymnasium and peripteral temple from Stratonicea Caria, Turkey

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thx duo where do you suggest I travel
Alternate universe where I literally just to go to school forever (for free) so I can just learn about art and literature and history and languages for 100 years. No job skills. No credit requirements. No student loans. Just learning.
Your players are faced with an ancient Sumerian curse! However, since the early ancient Sumerian language was only used for recording tax debts, it turns out to actually be an ancient Sumerian bill.
and therefore they need to get hold of some ancient Sumerian coinage and bring it to the ruins of the ancient Sumerian tax office, because the Sumerians had a pleasingly direct way of preventing tax evasion, namely horrifying curses.
well I donât have any coin but I have these copper ingots, lovely copper ingots, from a very reputable merchant, never heard a word said against him, very thorough with his paperwork, anyway theyâre guaranteed pure copper and proper weight, so can I pay my tax with those?
I just want everyone to take a step back for a second and really think about how weâre using the most powerful knowledge tool in history to make jokes about a specific dude who lived almost 4000 years ago.
itâs fuckin wonderful, is what it is.
Ea-nasir has been dead for 4700 fraudy fraudy years.
I canât tell yâall as a person who studies Sumeria and knew about him before it was cool how fucking weird it is that Ea-Nasir is now a meme.

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dark academia guide to study latin
As somone who studyed latin at school for five years, here are my tips for all of you who want to teach themselfes how to speak latin:
Forget everything you know about learning a new language. Latin and Greek are different in structure from any laguage you might know. It doesn´t work like English or French or German. The translating is much more mathematical.
Grab a vocabulary book.
Study every vocab in there (it should be about 2.5k).
Realize that there is no word for yes or no but about ten related to killing and dying
Take a look at the grammar. All of it.
Study it until it´s stuck in your brain. You´ll have to remember every little piece of it. Except for maybe the NcI. I never needed that.
At this point you will probably notice that it is almost impossible to learn how to actually speak Latin. Give up that dream. Not even my Latin teacher was able to do that.
Grab any Text from Ovid or Ceasar.
Never just translate from the start to the end of a sentence. Always look for the predicate first and build your sentence up on that. Expect very, very long sentences.
Now you will realize that even translating is a ton lot more difficult than yout thought and you will probbably fail, even if you know all the vocabs and grammar. Again, learning Latin doesn´t work like lerning French. You have to analyse every letter because one small âeâ instead of an âaâ could change the whole translation.
Hopefully you have now noticed that teaching Latin to yourself within a few months won´t work and believing so was naive.
You could probably learn it with a proper teacher and lots of time, but then it won´t be fun anymore and you will suffer just like all of us students did learning it at school.
Forget about the idea.
Cry.
For The Masses:
http://gen.lib.rus.ec
http://textbooknova.com
http://en.bookfi.org/
http://www.gutenberg.org
http://ebookee.org
http://www.manybooks.net
http://www.giuciao.com
http://www.feedurbrain.com
http://oll.libertyfund.org/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=380
http://www.alleng.ru/Â
http://www.eknigu.com/Â
http://ishare.iask.sina.com.cn/
http://2020ok.com/
http://www.freebookspot.es/Default.aspx
http://www.freeetextbooks.com/
http://onebigtorrent.org/
http://www.downeu.me/ebook/
http://forums.mvgroup.org
http://theaudiobookbay.com/
More Here
no one coulda reblogged this a month ago when i spent 500
momentsbymarcus
Look at KB coming through
Every time you see this, reblog it. There is always someone in college that will see this.
CATULLUS
Study traces history of some of our favorite folk stories
GUYS THIS IS AMAZING
SERIOUSLY
6000 YEARS
STORIES THAT ARE OLDER THAN CIVILIZATIONS
STORIES THAT WERE TOLD BY PEOPLE SPEAKING LANGUAGES WE NO LONGER KNOW
STORIES TOLD BY PEOPLE LOST TO THE VOID OF TIME
STORIES
GUYS LOOK AT THIS
OH MY GOD YOU GUYS
GUYYYYYSSSS
âHereâs how it worked: Fairy tales are transmitted through language, and the shoots and branches of the Indo-European language tree are well-defined, so the scientists could trace a taleâs history back up the treeâand thus back in time. If both Slavic languages and Celtic languages had a version of Jack and the Beanstalk (and the analysis revealed they might), for example, chances are the story can be traced back to the âlast common ancestor.â That would be the Proto-Western-Indo-Europeans from whom both lineages split at least 6800 years ago. The approach mirrors how an evolutionary biologist might conclude that two species came from a common ancestor if their genes both contain the same mutation not found in other modern animals.âÂ
TBH I never imagined the first Merthur âI love youâs would be exchanged in any high-stress situations or after a near-death experience or anything like that. Theyâre both so relaxed and natural around each other that I always pictured that one day theyâd just sort ofâŚlet slip at the end of an everyday conversation, kind of accidentally saying âbye, I love youâ before you hang up the phone.Â
Like Merlin has just gotten Arthur into his maille for practice, heâs about to leave, and heâs just like, âDonât forget the meeting with your father this evening, Iâm going to run errands for Gaius, I love you, Iâll see you for lunch.â
And Arthur doesnât even think twice about it, he just, âI love you too, and make sure you get my shirts mended this time, idiot.â
They both go about their day, and it doesnât sink for either of them in until 30-45 minutes later. Merlin drops an entire basket of laundry down the stairs, and Arthur bluescreens in the middle of a sparring match and gets punched in the face by a horrified Leon because âI thought you would duck, sire!â

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ok iâm doubling down on this headcanon:
1) crowley canât read english
2) crowley never learned to read any written language after ~100 CE (âthey keep changing! whatâs the point in learning all these new letters if theyâre just gonna mix it up in a few centuries?â)
3) howâd he write âholy waterâ on that scrap of paper in 1862? easy. he wrote it in one of the languages he does know and asked a scholar to translate it to english.
4) since he learned to read latin, he can kind of sound out words written in the latin alphabet (such as english) until he figures out what it says, but he gets it wrong a lot since, obviously, the letters in modern languages donât always sound the same as they do in classical latin, plus there are a few extras that he doesnât know what to do with. he also wonders what happened to the claudian letters, as he was rather fond of those.
5) no, aziraphale does not know that crowley is essentially illiterate.
Hey Science Side of Tumblr, I have a question regarding Sparta
Weâve all heard terrifying tales about the horrible things Spartans did to their children as part of raising them. But something that has bothered me for years is, that after all the terror and abuse, how were these children functional? They werenât loved, they werenât cared for, the only important thing was to raise them to be strong, independent and fearless. But how did they manage to lead a nation, how could they become so significant, how were they able to stay sane after all the torture? Psychologically speaking, it shouldâve been impossible, right?
I know that basically everything we know about them was written hundreds of years after the civilization died, but damn. Did all the people writing about them frick up so bad that we still have no idea what the truth is, or is there a logical explanation for everything?
Science side of Tumblr coming to the rescue!
First of all, no, your question is not dumb (as you feared in the tags)! It is really interesting! But I fear that I canât give you a definitve answer. The problem is not that all we know about them was written long after the civilization died. Ancient Sparta and its infamous education system, the agoge, existed for quite a long time; concerning the agoge, from at least 500 BCE (when exactly it started is probably impossible to say) to about the 4th century CE (though with breaks in between). Of course, Spartaâs glory days were in the late Archaic/Classical era, from about the late 6th century BCE to 371 BCE (that year Sparta suffered a terrible defeat against Thebes in the Battle of Leuctra that ended Spartaâs supremacy once and for all).
And we have quite a few people writing about them, like Herodotus, Thucydides, Xenophon, Plato, Aristotle (5th/4th century BCE) and Pausanias and Plutarch (1st/2nd century CE), to name the most important ones. The problem here is:Â None of them are Spartans. We have basically no writings from the Spartans themselves and so can only speculate about how they might have seen themselves or, in this case, experienced the agoge.
Concerning the agoge, our most important sources are Xenophon and Plutarch. I will quickly go over what they have to say about it and then get into the problems + attempt to answer the question as best as I can. Xenophon writes about it in his Constitution of the Lacedaemonians or Spartan Society (Lacedaemonians just being another word for Spartans here) and Plutarch in his Life of Lycurgus (the mythical founder of Spartan customs).
Xenophon tells us that Spartan boys were arranged in groups with a paidonomos (trainer) in charge who was allowed to punish them severely whenever they misbehaved and had other young adults to help him, like with whipping the boys. They were also not allowed to wear shoes and had only one piece of garment to wear all year round. They were also only given just enough food so they wouldnât starve. This should make them get used to hard times and at the same time, encourage them to become good thieves. Their prowess as thieves would come into play at the festival of Artemis Orthia, where they were supposed to steal cheese from the altar of the Goddess while being whipped by others. When they reached puberty, relationships between the boys and young adult men were encouraged (Xen. Lak. pol. 2-3).
Plutarch gets into more detail. He mentions that their education started when they reached the age of seven. They were urged to fight and compete with one another. Like Xenophon, he also mentions that they were only given one cloak for the whole year (according to Plutarch, at the age of twelve) and were encouraged to steal. The boysâ lovers were also supposed to teach them good behavior and if a boy showed weakness, his lover was punished instead (Plut. Lyk. 16-18). Boys could also be brought to the syssitia, the adult dining groups, by their lovers (Plut. Lyk. 12).
So far, so disturbing. One of the main problems here is that Xenophon wrote in the early 4th century BCE and Plutarch in the 2nd century CE, so thatâs roughly 500 years in between them. And the agoge certainly underwent changes in these 500 years. A prime example would be the festival of Artemis Orthia, which at Plutarchâs times had transformed into a full-on whipping endurance contest (Plut. Lyk. 18).
Another problem is that, as I have mentioned, all those men writing about Sparta were non-Spartans writing for a non-Spartan audience. So, the authors, even if they were eyewitnesses to the education system (as in the case of Xenophon), they did so as outsiders. Also, when they write about Sparta, they often set it in opposition to other Greek city states (primarily Athens) and represent Sparta as the antithesis to that. Another reason to read these texts very carefully and critically. They surely contain a lot of reliable facts about the Spartanâs education system but others might be exaggerated (Kennell 1995: 34).
As of how Spartans were able to function after undergoing all of this, we need to get into full-on speculatory territory. The agoge certainly wasnât all physical education and punishment. As I have mentioned, boys might earn the esteem of their lovers and be invitied to the syssitia. Richer also says that ânevertheless, it seems that some young people were awarded distinction at the end of their training, not so much because of their social relationships as because of their own meritsâ (Richer 2018: 529).
A story from Xenophonâs Hellenica (Plutarch also tells it) might also shed some light on this subject. In 378 BCE, the Spartan Sphodrias tried to seize the Piraeus, the harbor of Athens. He failed and the Athenians (and Spartans) were enraged. The Spartans put him on trial and he was supposed to be put to death. Cleonymos, Sphodriasâ son, feared for his fatherâs life and since Cleonymos happened to be the lover of Archidamos, the son of the Spartan king Agesilaos, he asked Archidamos to plead with Agesilaos to use his power and acquit Sphodrias. Archidamos agreed (according to Xenophon, after a lot of crying on Archidamosâ and Cleonymosâ part) and approached his father with the request. Agesilaos granted it and acquitted Sphodrias (Xen. hell. V, 4).
I chose this example because Xenophon was a contemporary of this event and was a good friend of Agesilaos himself, so itâs very likely to be authentic. And I think this example shows that Spartans were certainly loved. Sons loved their fathers and vice versa and lovers loved each other. (Important note: I think I donât need to explain that these pederastic relationships are very problematic, to say the least. My point here is not to say that this was totally okay but that Spartans had relationships that they experienced as love).
Conclusion: It is very hard to say how brutal the agoge really was, and certain elements certainly changed over the years. Nevertheless it was undoubtetly very brutal from our point of view. But they were certainly loved and cared for in their own way, although we might strongly disagree. And I think that this is exactly the point: If I woke up tomorrow as a Spartan boy in the agoge but with all the memories that I have now, I would most likely be traumatized by the way I was treated. But for the Spartans, this was the only life they knew and they probably couldnât conceive it to be any other way. If they didnât feel like missing out on a happy childhood, they might have experienced this upbringing very differently from us. As difficult and frustrating as it is, we have to take the Spartans on their own terms.
Sources:
Kennell, Nigel M.: The Gymnasium of Virtue. Education and Culture in Ancient Sparta. University of North Carolina Press 1995.
Plutarch, On Sparta. Revised Edition. Penguin Books 2005.
Richer, Nicolas, Spartan Education in the Classical Period, in: A Companion to Sparta. Volume II. Edited by Anton Powell. Wiley 2018, p. 525-542.
Xenophon, Hellenika. Griechisch-Deutsch. Hrsg. von Gisela Strasburger. Artemis & Winkler 2005.
Merlin AU where Merlin is happy.
@closetedsapphicopinions you asked for itÂ

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no offence but i think a lot of us me included donât actually want romantic love as badly as we think and really are just lonely and crave a closeness and intimacy that feels out of reach in friendships because of societyâs emphasis on marriage and the nuclear family so we project that into the never ending search for a perfect love and a soulmate when really we all just want to mean something to someone
fun fact: The last supper would have been more like this, according to tradition:
so casual i love it
a sleepover with jc and the boys
Paul: Judas truth or dare??
Judas: dare
Paul: okay lmao I dare u to kiss JC
Jesus: ok your turn peter truth or dare
Peter: truth
Jesus: would you ever betray me peter
Peter:
Jesus:
(a few days later)
Peter: *betrays Jesus*
Jesus:
Jesus: *returns*
Peter: âJesus⌠youâre back ?â
Jesus:
this post gets more absurd every time it crosses my dash
Another fun fact:
The Last Supper was actually a Passover Seder which means by the time they broke the food out, these guys were likely already drunk out of their minds.
Drunk Jesus: guys take this bread
Drunk Jesus: itâs me
Drunk Jesus: guys look at this wine lol
Drunk Jesus: itâs my blood
Everybody: *is off the shits laughing*