Inspired by the fluffly goblins roaming my neighborhood in Montreal. The next painting will include that tailless blonde raccoon I met in the spring. He's no Jimothy but he's still super special.
This original sold out but I have prints waiting for you on Inprnt, links in my highlights.
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There’s a theory that early Europeans started saying “brown one” or “honey-eater” instead of “bear” to avoid summoning them, and similarly my friend has started calling Alexa “the faceless woman” because saying her true name awakens her from her slumber
English has an avoidance register used in the presence of certain respected animals, which sounds fancy until you realize it’s spelling out w-a-l-k and t-r-e-a-t in front of the dog.
Iceland does! They are the illhveli, literally “evil whales”, and they live to kill you. They love nothing more than killing and eating humans and sinking their ships. Their greatest enemy is the steypireydur (that’s blue whale to you), which is the greatest of the good whales and the protector of sailors.
All evil whales are, well, evil. So evil that if you speak their name at sea, they will hear it and home in on you. So instead you use all sorts of euphemisms for their names. Also if you try to cook their meat it literally disappears from the pot. That’s right, they’re so evil, you can’t even eat them.
They include such types as the hrosshvalur (horsewhale), with big eyes and a red mane and tail. This is probably the best known and most feared of the lot.
The raudkembingur (redcomb) is especially cruel and bloodthirsty even by illhveli standards. If you manage to escape it, it will die of frustration.
Good luck escaping the mushveli (mousewhale) though, it has legs! And will clamber onto the beach in pursuit!
Or what about death from above? The stökkull (jumper) leaps high into the air and pile-drives boats to pieces.
Meanwhile the skeljungur (shellwhale) sits in the path of boats and lets them get wrecked on its shelly hide…
… while the sverdhvalur (swordwhale) slices through boats with its dorsal fin.
The katthveli (catwhale) is relatively harmless though. It meows.
The same can’t be said of the lyngbakur (heatherback), a classic island fish that lets sailors get on its back and then dives, taking them to a watery grave.
The nauthveli (oxwhale) on the other hand specially targets cattle, attracting them into the sea with its bellow before tearing them apart.
How can you avoid all these murderous whales, like the taumafiskur (bridlefish) here? Any of a number of ways, including getting a steypireydur to help. There are substances, ranging from angelica to sheep dung and chopped fox testicles, that they find abhorrent. And you can distract them with loud noises and barrels.
For more, I assure you this link will answer all your questions.
Jews do this with the Name of G-d, which I will not be writing here because You Do Not Do That. But if you’ve ever heard or seen a Jew say “Hashem” when referring to G-d, you’re literally hearing them say “the Name” instead of, well, the Name. Likewise, “Adonai” is not the Name either–it means “lord.”
Incidentally, this is why we no longer know exactly how the Name was pronounced, because it took a few hundred years for vowels to be invented in Hebrew (and they’re still not used in everyday writing), and so the vowels in the Name were never written down. We have a pretty decent guess because part of the Name can be reconstructed from other words, but that’s really all it is–a guess.
And to bring this full circle, this is also why we don’t know what the word for “bear” should actually be in English, but to give you an idea of how off the mark it is, we do know “Arthur” and “Arcturus” both descend from the original actual word.
The neat thing about reconstructive linguistics though, is that we can kinda get an idea of what the word might have sounded like if it wasn’t replaced, by feeding it through predictable sound changes. Because I’m a strange person, instead of looking up a reconstruction I’ve decided to use my amateur linguistic ability to attempt to reconstruct it through to English myself.
(Please keep in mind I’m not qualified)
So where do we start? Proto-Indo-European, of course. Proto-Indo-European is the reconstructed language of the Proto-Indo-Europeans, which eventually spread across almost all of Europe and a good swath of Asia before developing into languages like Latin, German, Turkish, and Hindi. The PIE word for bear was something like “h₂ŕ̥tḱos”.
The very first thing we need to do is centumise the k, making “h₂ŕ̥tkos”
The syllabic r gains a vowel “h₂úrtkos”
Now we can get rid of that pesky laryngeal consonant. “úrtkos”
By this point the language has already taken on a Germanic quality, but we’re not quite at Proto-Germanic yet.
Time for Grimm’s Law, the thing that makes Germanic be Germanic. The t becomes a þ but the k is unchanged, producing “úrþkos”
The little sibling of Grimm’s Law is Verner’s Law, which changes that s into a z for “úrþkoz”
To finish off Early Proto-Germanic, o and a merge, giving us “urþkaz”. Notice how I’ve removed the stress marker; all root words in Proto-Germanic have initial stress so that marker was no longer necessary by this point.
No further changes seem to occur in Proto-Germanic, so we can say that perhaps, the early Germanic people would’ve called bears “*urþkaz” if they weren’t afraid of them. Or, more specifically, the plural form would be “*urþkōz”
The only Northwest Germanic step is a-mutation, where due to the a in the following syllable, the u becomes an o, giving “orþkaz”.
Now we’re in Proto-West-Germanic, and we’re inching closer to English.
In Scandinavia, that final z is now an r, but here we’re chopping it off entirely for “orþka”.
And now by this point England and Frisian are still one language, but distinct from the others of the area.
We need to chop off that final a now. “orþk”
Ahh, welcome to Early Old English. It’s now roughly 500 C.E., so we’ve come a long way. Interestingly, nothing seems to happen here for the entire Old English period, so in 1066 C.E. we have “orþc”. I have my doubts that such a consonant cluster is valid, but unless I’ve horribly missed something, that’s where we currently are. And… it stays that way up through Modern English. So I’ve probably done something wrong around where the z disappeared.
Anyway if somebody more qualified than me would like to blow me out of the water with a more accurate reconstruction, feel free. I’d appreciate it.
I’ve seen “orx” and “orse” suggested as potential reconstructions.
… wait, do we know orc isn’t derived ultimately from h₂ŕ̥tḱos? etymonline traces it to Latin orcus and then gives up with “of uncertain origin,” but it doesn’t feel like an entry that’s had enough research to trust.
I decided to pop it into Wikipedia, and apparently Tolkien explained exactly where he got it. It’s lifted from Old English orcneas, a word that seems to be giving linguists hell and a half in translation to modern English, but one prominent suggestion is “demon-corpse.”
Demon -> feared and evil thing that can do a great deal of harm -> that lives in the woods and looks somewhat, but not fully, human? -> bear?
The logic is there. Drag it across millennia and I can see it.
You have just lost use of this random kitchen item/ implement how screwed are you in terms of cooking?
https://wheelofnames.com/ry4-3s4
The wheel is completed but if you the mod want to change it at all feel free and I couldn't figure out how to get the link to work properly even un-anoned.
Thanks, have a nice day and drink some water
You have just lost use of this random kitchen item/implement!
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Since I've made so many posts comparing the different costumes and hairstyles of Cinderella in the different adaptations of the tale, I have to make one to showcase the costumes and hairstyles of Erika Dannhoff in the newly-rediscovered 1931 German film Aschenbrödel.
The time period of this version is the late medieval or Renaissance era.
Let's start with Cinderella's dresses before she's reduced to servitude.
Her usual costume in the film's early scenes is a simple, light-colored, innocent-looking dress. But she wears a black mourning dress in the months following her mother's death, and and a more ornate, apparently multicolored dress at her father's wedding.
Now for her rags...
The designers are strictly faithful to the Grimms’ description of their heroine’s clothes as “an old gray smock and wooden shoes.” This is the only screen adaptation I know that has Cinderella's rags be a long robe, much like in Thomas Sully's 1843 painting Cinderella at the Kitchen Fire, and with it she wears heavy wooden clogs.
Now for her ballgowns...
As in the Grimms' tale, there are three balls, and Cinderella wears a different gown to each one, though they're all similar in style. The first one has darker and bolder embroidery, the second has a lighter and softer design, and the third has an interesting netlike overskirt and sleeves studded with pearls.
As for the slipper....
It's neither glass nor pure gold, but a uniquely pretty design with an embroidered pattern.
As for her hair, her knee-length blonde locks are usually worn in long twin braids, but at the three balls, her hair is worn up in an intricate braided style that reaches the nape of her neck, with an elegant circlet.
One tragic aspect of the Odyssey that I've never really seen handled by any adaptation is the link between Odysseus' marriage and the Trojan War itself.
When Helen was of age to be married, all the Lords of Greece came to seek her hand. This was an issue for her stepfather the King of Sparta who could only pick one husband and then would have to deal with the far greater number of angry rejected suitors.
One suitor was Odysseus, then a younger man. He quickly ascertained that he had no chance of marrying Helen. Ithaca was too poor for him to even bring any proper gifts, let alone a dowry. But he did catch the eye of the King's niece, one Penelope.
Now Penelope was still a bit out of Odysseus' league, but not so much as Helen was. So he makes a deal with the King of Sparta. Support my bid to marry Penelope, and I'll give you a solution to this suitors problem. The King agrees, so Odysseus suggests all the suitors swear an oath to defend Helen's marriage from anyone who might strike against it. They all, including Odysseus, so swear, and Helen is married to Menelaus. The King proves as good as his word, and Penelope is wed to Odysseus.
Of course this means that Odysseus has now bound himself to fight for Helen and Menelaus. After an attempt to feign madness he is forced to fulfill his duty.
So his own plan, to marry Penelope and stop a hoard of ravenous suitors, ends with him forced to defend his own marriage from a hoard of ravenous suitors.
Avian August day 9! I'm quite pleased with how this one turned out - the colors go together better than expected. I may go back someday and attempt to add in the two long tail feathers.
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Avian August day 7! I'm finishing off this first week with a very simple design: this little bunting came together so nicely I don't think he needs any extra gradients.
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The new Odyssey adaptation has inevitably gotten people talking about a Muppet version of it, and they’re frequently suggesting Kermit as Odysseus, Miss Piggy as Penelope.
I’m sorry but that’s thinking way too small, hear me out:
We need to have Miss Piggy as Odysseus, and Kermit as Penelope.
Think about it… who’s the more fickle, prideful, warlike one in that relationship? Who is absolutely ready to go ham, at a moment’s notice?
I vote Nobody, but I could see arguments for Helen of Troy or Circe as well.
Also important:
How does the Circe turning men into pigs thing get handled given that Miss Piggy is a pig-Muppet and there are multiple other muppets who are already canonically pig-Muppets?
They get turned into real live action pigs, nobody remarks on it
They get turned into real live action pigs & Piggy looks directly at the camera
They get turned into chickens
They get turned into live action humans
Nothing happens at first to the guy Muppet-pig, so Circe has to get creative
Other/I’m bald/vanilla extract
Voting ended onJul 30
Just to clarify my vision on a couple of these:
* by chickens I mean Muppet-chickens à la Camilla (Gonzo naturally would have some reaction to this)
* in the “nothing happens at first to muppet pig”, what I’m visualizing is that Cpt James Pork (or whatever his name is - the pigs in space one) is in the crew, everyone else in the crew gets transformed into either live action pigs or non-sentient Muppet-pigs (walking on 4 legs, etc), and he is completely unchanged… until Circe sighs and snaps her fingers again, and he turns into some other animal (maybe a chicken? or possibly a live action human, in which case it’s obviously either an INSANE celebrity cameo pull with someone who’s normally top billing, or literally William Shatner)
Can I just say I really appreciate that our collective commitment to the Muppets is so strong that at 120-something votes, not one person has chosen other/vanilla extract?