Canon examples: Roxy Lalonde, Nepeta Leijon, Rufioh Nitram
Non-canon examples: Robin Hood (most versions), Gregor (Limbus Company), Ren Amamiya (Persona 5), Enrico Pucci (Jojo's Bizarre Adventure), Tony Tony Chopper (One Piece), Captain Kidd and Goemon (historical/folklore), Edmond Dantes* (The Count of Monte Cristo)
Rogues are the third most passive normal class, and the fourth most passive class overall. This places them right in the middle of the passive part of the scale. As such, Rogues are more prone to taking the initiative than previously discussed Classes, but they are still hesitant and unsure of themselves without backup.
Rogue is paired with Thief, its more Active counterpart, due to their shared verb of "Steal." However, while we know the verbs, we don't know the construction of those verbs. Still, Calliope lays out the difference pretty well with the explicit comparison to Robin Hood. In that case, the Rogue's "passivity" comes from acting for the sake of others rather than themselves.
Gender: Female (Non-exclusive)
Rogue is one of the classes explicitly stated to be open to any gender, but it leans heavily female. The thing is, there's not a whole lot of mythological support for this. In fact, going through myth, legend, and folklore for Rogue-like characters, you'll find the vast majority of them are male! Granted, the vast majority of characters period are male, but archetypal Rogues don't exactly buck the trend. So why are Rogues considered to lean heavily female?
Ultimately, it comes down to game balance. Sburb is an absolute mess of a game when you start to pick it apart, but as a long extended metaphor for coming of age and sexual reproduction, it would be kinda lame to cut the women out. To keep the balance, Rogue is chosen as one of the leans-female classes because of an association with agility, grace, and dexterity, which are seen as more feminine traits. Furthermore, Rogue is seen as a more "nurturing" class, which forms a very interesting (and familiar) dichotomy with the Thief class: the Madonna-Whore Complex. Even non-gender-locked classes aren't immune from misogynistic tropes.
Note: You can of course use gender however you want. Hussie herself has given you permission. I just prefer to look at things as they are, interpret why they are that way, and then decide on a case by case basis whether I want to break the rules.
Mythological Role: Unjustly Outcast
A man returns home after a long campaign against the Crown's enemies, but instead of receiving a reward he is branded a pirate. A samurai clan is purged save for a single 15 year old boy, who swears revenge. A war hero has a PTSD episode on the subway, and all the authorities know how to do is escalate. A girl whose mind is a little bit different than others' flees into the wilds when imperial drones burn her hive for reasons she will never understand. Rogues are not born, they are made, and it is injustice that makes a Rogue.
This is unusual in the Classes I've examined so far. Bard and Heir both become their class because of who they are or what they do, but the binding thread between Homestuck Rogues and their inspirations is that something happened to them. They are driven from society, called outlaws and monsters, through no real fault of their own. Of course, due to the nature of Paradox Space, this was always going to happen, but it still happens because of the deliberate malicious actions of others.
Rather than make them bitter, the Rogue instead gains empathy for similarly outcast people, and starts to garner allies. Even if it's just one really STRONG ally, it's this support that defines a Rogue. Truth is, they could never stand on their own. Rogues are often painfully aware of this fact, leading to a lack of self-confidence in their ability to handle their Aspect. This need for support is not a weakness, it's a strength, and when they need it most, their generosity will be rewarded.
Game Role: One who steals [Aspect] for others or One who steals from [Aspect] for others
The presence of a Rogue indicates there is an dangerous imbalance in their Aspect. Some have too much, others too little. Maybe the session is drowning in the Aspect, like Void in a Void session, or maybe all the volatile relationships need a dedicated shipper to sort them out. Regardless, the Rogue's duty is to make sure that everyone has enough of their Aspect and nobody has too much. This is often a careful balancing act, and some rogues never fully recognize their ability to actually affect change through their Aspect.
Too passive: Fantasy. The Rogue knows how things should be, but what are they supposed to actually do about it? They're powerless, living on the margins. They can fill books with their stories, but they don't believe they have the power to actually act on their fantasies. They certainly don't have the Bard's power to make fiction reality. Nepeta filled her cave walls with shipping charts but never actually intervened to help untangle the toxic relationships that tore her friends apart.
Too active: Helplessness. A Rogue is supposed to keep the balance. However, they can't do this without support, and attempting to do so anyway can just drive home how powerless they really are. In this way, the Rogue becomes a Page without the potential. Everyone sees what they can provide without giving in return. Roxy got stuck in this mode in the Candy timeline, trying to smooth things over with her rapidly fracturing friend group while her bestie Jane descended into fascism and outright madness.
Inverted: Vainglory. Wow that Rogue sure is great! Everyone loves them! We should all be as great at that Rogue! Rogues are not meant to take the center stage. As much as they can act to bring people together, their role is to then help the others, not gas themselves up. A Rogue who becomes the center of attention ends up using their resources to shore up a false confidence that they know is false. They should leave the showboating to a Thief, who's actually supposed to be the center of attention. This was part of Rufioh's downfall. He stole Breath with a glance, but he never got around to giving it back.
Origin: Someone who suffered injustice, ostracism, or oppression through no fault of their own.
Struggle: To recognize their own self-worth in the face of trauma and tragedy.
Reward: The love and support of allies who can protect them when they need it.
At their best: The one who makes everyone else better.
At their worst: Paralyzed by self-doubt, never recognizing their own power.
Flip it Turnways: The Avenger
Example: Edmond Dantes (The Count of Monte Cristo)
Rogues tend to be some of the most generous and good-natured characters despite the trauma of their backstory, but not everyone can just get over it. Some people can't just build a new life for themselves without tearing down everyone who ruined their old life first. That is The Avenger.
Avengers often draw a sharp line between those who deserve kindness and those who deserve cruelty. They can be just as generous as a more typical Rogue, if it suits their ends, but when it comes to their enemies they are completely without mercy. Those who wronged them can't just be defeated, they have to suffer first. Of course, at some point the innocent will suffer on a quest for revenge, at which point the Avenger will have to decide whether revenge is worth the cost, or if maybe they should focus more on helping those who've been harmed rather than punishing those who did harm.