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the autopsy team in every hannibal episode:

will graham:

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i23kazu

how i feel when someone reblogs my stuff with a really really nice tag

whatlanguageisthis1-deactivated

Norwegian word order

Word order can be tricky to master in any language, and since I’ve had some questions about this recently (@wordsnnblues) I thought I’d make a post that covers the most important rules. This is simply a guide to the most common workings of Norwegian word order, and is unfortunately not exhaustive, but I tried to include the most important aspects.

Disclaimer: I’m not referring to this image in this post , so any letters that I use may not correspond to the ones used in the image! (I just thought it looked pretty :p)

The V2-rule

The main rule regarding Norwegian word order is that the finite verb (V) takes the second position* in the sentence. Some other parts are a bit more flexible, and there can be quite a few changes to word order depending on what element precedes the finite verb.

*Note that there is a difference between position and word. There can be several words in one position, for example in the first position, and thus, even though the verb must be in the second position, it can be later in the sequence in terms of words.

Main clauses

When the subject is fronted (SVO)

Putting the subject in the first position is the most usual way of constructing sentences in Norwegian, just like in English. The subject must then be followed by a verb according to the V2-rule above, which then can be followed by an object or adverb (or verb) as wished and depending on the characteristics of the finite verb.

Examples

Hun (S) spiser (V) = She (S) eats (V) / She (S) is eating (V)

Hun (S) spiser (V) mat (O) = She (S) eats (V) food (O)

Hun (S) spiser (V) fort (Adv.) = She (S) eats (V) fast (Adv.)

Hun (S) spiser (V) maten (O) fort (Adv.) = She (S) eats (V) the food (O) fast (Adv)

This is also valid for other tenses, just like in English:

Hun (S) spiste (V) mat (O) = She (S) ate (V) food (O)

Hun (S) har spist (V) mat (O) = She (S) has eaten (V) food (O)

Hun (S) skal spise (V) mat (O) = She (S) will/is going to eat (V) food (O)

Adverbial phrases in SVO sentences

In sentences where the subject is in the first position, adverbial phrases are usually placed straight after the verb. Adverbial phrases of time or place are usually placed in the last position. This applies for all tenses.

Some common general adverbials (A):

Ikke = Not Også = Also Kanskje - Maybe Aldri = Never Alltid = Always Dessverre = Unfortunately Sjelden = Rarely Ofte = Often Allerede = Already Fortsatt = Still

Some common adverbials of time (AoT)

I går = Yesterday I dag = Today I morgen = Tomorrow Nå = Now Neste/forrige uke/måned/år = Next/last week/month/year I fjor = Last year Denne gangen = This time Den gangen = That time

Some common adverbials of place (AoP)

Der = There Her = Here Dit = (To) there Hit = (To) here Hos … = At …’s (place) I … = In …,

Examples

Hun (S) spiser (V) ikke (A) kjøtt (O) = She (S) does not (A) eat (V) meat (O)

Hun (S) spiste (V) sjelden (A) kjøtt (O) = She (S) rarely (A) ate (V) meat (O)

Hun (S) har aldri (A) spist (V) kjøtt (O) = She (S) has never (S) eaten (V) meat (O)

Hun (S) skal kanskje (A) spise (V) kjøtt (O) = She (S) will maybe eat (V) meat (O) / She is maybe going to eat (V) meat (O)

Subject-verb inversion = When another (non-verb) element is fronted (VSO)

Sometimes you want to put another element in the first position, for example to add emphasis. In these cases, the finite verb and the subject switches places; the (finite) verb still remains in the second position and is followed by the subject. In English, the subject is placed in the second position and the verb follows it in the third position.

Examples

Nå (AoT) spiser (V) jeg (S) mat (O) = Now (AoT), I (S) am eating (V) food (O).

I går (AoT) spiste (V) jeg (S) kjøtt (O) = Yesterday (AoT), I (S) ate (V) meat (O)

I dag (AoT) har (V) jeg (S) gjort (v) lekser (O) = Today (AoT) I (S) have done (V) homework (O)

Denne (O) skal (V) jeg (S) spise (v) i morgen (AoT) = This one (O) I (S) will eat (V) tomorrow (AoT)

I Frankrike (AoP) spiser (V) de (S) ost (O) = In France (AoP), they (S) eat (V) cheese (O)

Adverbials in VSO / inverted sentences

In VSO sentences, the adverbial (A) is often placed after the subject, in the fourth position.

I går (AoT) spiste (V) jeg (S) dessverre (A) kjøtt = Yesterday, (AoT) I (S) unfortunately (A) ate (V) meat (O)

Hos besteforeldrene mine (AoP) får (V) jeg (S) alltid (A) godteri (O) = At my grandparent’s house (AoP) I (S) always (A) get (V) candy (O)

Når jeg drar på ferie (AoT) spiser (V) jeg (S) ofte (A) på restauranter (O) = When I go on holiday (AoT) I (S) often (A) eat (V) at restaurants (O)

The conjunctions “og”, “men” and “for”.

og = and men = but for = because / as / since / for

These conjunctions link main clauses, and the word order does not change when these are used.

Examples:

Han (S) spiser (V) appelsiner (O), og (conj.) hun (S) spiser (V) epler (O). = He (S) eats (V) oranges (O) and (conj.) she (S) eats (V) apples (O)

Han (S) liker (V) kaffe (O), men (conj.) han (S) liker (V) ikke (A) te (O) = He(S) likes (V) coffee (O), but (conj.) he (S) does not (A) like (V) tea (O).

Jeg (S) kommer (V) ikke (A), for (conj.) mamma (S) kan (V) ikke (A) kjøre (v) meg (O). = I (S) am (V) not (A) coming (V), because (conj.) mom (S) can(V)not (A) drive (v)me (O).

Interrogative sentences

In Norwegian, like in English, questions are introduced by either a verb or an interrogative word.

In Norwegian, the most used interrogative words are:

Hva - What Hvem - Who Hvor - Where Hvorfor - Why Hvordan - How (When followed by verb. Only in regards to method/way of doing) Hvor … - How … (When followed by an adjective or adverb. In regards to extent, size and amount.) Hvilken/Hvilket/Hvilke - Which Hva slags - What kind

When using an interrogative word, this is placed in the first position, and the finite verb is placed in the second position.

Hva (Int.) spiser (V) du (S) ? = What (Int.) are (V) you (S) eating (v)?

Hvor mye (Int.) koster (V) det (S) ? = How much (Int.) does (V) it (S) cost (v)?

Without the use of an interrogative, the finite verb is placed in the first position and the subject second.

Spiser (V) du (S) kjøtt (O)? - Do (V) you (S) eat (v) meat (O)? / Are (V) you (S) eating (v) meat (O)?

Gjorde (V) du (S) leksene dine (O)? - Did (V) you (S) do (v) your homework (O)?

Adverbials in interrogative sentences

In interrogative sentences, the general adverbials are most often placed in the third position, after the subject.

Spiser (V) du (S) ikke (A) kjøtt (O)? = Do (V) you (S) not (A) eat (v) meat (O)?

Subordinate clauses

Subordinate clauses are dependent clauses that are often part of a main clause. they can be introduced by certain subjunctions.

Some common subjunctions:

fordi = because at = that om = if siden = since / as

Subordinate clauses remain SVO sentences, with the subject preceding the verb.

Jeg (S) studerer (V) norsk (O) fordi (subj.) jeg (S) har (V) en norsk venn (O) = I (S) study (V) Norwegian (O) because (subj.) I (S) have (V) a Norwegian friend (O).

Hun(S) sa (V) at (subj.) hun (S) liker (V) meg (O) = She (S) said (V) that (subj.) she (S) likes (V) me (O)

Adverbials

Although the word order remains SVO in subordinate phrases, the placement of the adverbial changes, from being straight behind the finite verb (V) in main clauses, to being straight in front of the finite verb in subordinate ones.

Main clause

Hun (S) liker (V) ikke (A) kaffe (O) = She (S) does (V) not (A) like (v) coffee (O)

Subordinate clause:

(Hun sier) at (subj.) hun (S) ikke (A) liker (V) kaffe (O) = (She says) that (subj.) she (S) does (V) not (A) like (v) coffee (O)

Adverbials

The placement of adverbials can vary a lot depending on what kind of meaning you want to convey, and also on what kind of adverbial you are dealing with, so the rules on adverbials that are mentionned in this post are not complete. I recommend everyone who is curious and want to know more about this to refer to this pdf, which I think deals well with the topic: https://tanuljunknorvegul.files.wordpress.com/2014/02/learn-norwegian-language-routledge-norwegian-an-essential-grammar.pdf.

Hope this is clear, and that I’ve not forgotten any major elements. Please feel free to correct any mistakes or typos, and don’t hesitate to ask further questions if anything remains unclear! <3

mia-down-under

enochianspells

a place where someone loves you — neil hilborn

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kafkaesquegf

i love when i can see my bus waiting at a red light from the bus stop. come here babygirl

algorithmist

boy marx wasn't lying, the wealth of societies where the capitalist mode of production prevails sure does present itself as an immense accumulation of commodities

perestroika-hilton

What about girl Marx

frogayyyy

imagine you start watching this new show and it’s a silly little show about space set in the future then they announce the next season so you wait excitedly for five months and finally it’s here… you all sit round the tv and suddenly one of the main characters who is known for being unemotional starts going mad because of “biology…” and you slowly realise that he needs to have sex or he’s going to die so the other main character risks his entire career to help him out then they start ‘wrestling’ on the sand and the one going through the mating fever ends up killing the other guy which ends the fever but now he’s depressed because he just killed his best friend but wait he’s not actually dead the unemotional one is overjoyed everything’s fine and then they go back to work like nothing happened… you look at everyone else sitting in stunned silence thinking “did any one else think that was a little… yknow” then you accidentally start modern fandom and shipping culture

frogayyyy

very much enjoying the tags thank you everybody

olderthannetfic

Wait till they all actually watch it and see the unnecessary titty window situation.

nebulations

[ID: A collection of tags that read:

#THAT was the plot?? #and they wanted us to believe the guy didnt have sex with the unemotional guy?

#star trek is so so gay

#ive seen some posts. but i did not realize it was..... that gay.

#only halfway through did i realise that this was star trek #i thought at first op was watching some freaky ass gay scifi and i was fully prepared to try find it #but lo and behold #ive already watched the damn show

#star trek #are they... you know... 💁🏿‍♀️

(In caps) #what #star trek invented fuck or die?????

#what the fuck is going on in star trek

#i have no idea what happens in star trek but uhm. #this is a little (long string of ellipses followed by semicolons)

#they didnt... they wouldnt... #you cannot be serious is that how all the startrek slash started? #spock went into heat???

#i would need to be lobotomized for my own health

#what the fuck is star trek about. End ID]

airandangels

Based on some of the first-hand accounts I’ve read, fans already had thoughts in that direction but were very cautious about expressing them, because, you know, it was 1967 and they were nice suburban ladies. They referred to the idea of Spock and Kirk being in love as The Premise. One little housewives’ fan club in California wrote to Leonard Nimoy in the hiatus between seasons one and two, and he was very pleasant and agreed to come and meet their group and tell them about being in the show. They didn’t say anything about The Premise directly, in case it offended him, but of course they expressed their enthusiasm for the rapport between Kirk and Spock and how curious they were about Spock’s background and inner life. And Nimoy, who was working on season two by that time, said that he couldn’t give away any specifics but there was an episode coming up that would focus more on Spock’s personal life and the planet Vulcan, and they were naturally delighted and intrigued.

So when they sat down to watch season two, episode one, “Amok Time,” they were primed for an important Spock episode, and then that played out before their widening eyes and I think it’s safe to say it blew their beehives clean off their heads.

sniperct

#lmao#star trek#lest we forget the literal binders of loose leaf paper with HAND WRITTEN FANFICTION being handed around#thank trekkers for fan fiction you literal babies

dduane

...And this is exactly how some of us got onto the path toward getting into SO MUCH [GOOD] TROUBLE later in our lives. Handwritten fanfic... pages and pages and PAGES of it. Tens and hundreds of thousands of words of fanfic. In looseleaf binders.

Just remember: “The first million words are for practice.” :) After that... all bets are off.

neil-gaiman

And it's also worth bearing in mind that Amok Time was written by Theodore Sturgeon. Sturgeon was a bisexual writer (according to his friend, gay author and academic Samuel R Delany) who wrote "The World Well Lost" (1953) which may have been the first SF story about homosexuality to be published in a mainstream SF magazine, not to mention gay-coded stories like "The Saucer of Loneliness". Ted Sturgeon was a brilliant writer about love, and he knew exactly what he was doing in Amok Time. Although he might not have known what it would spawn.

And if you are curious to read some of his fiction there's a Selected Short Stories of Theodore Sturgeon out there, and the novels The Dreaming Jewels and More Than Human appear to be in print.

mortimermcmirestinks

holy shit neil gaiman is here everyone stay cool

fangirlsovertoomanythings

The way that most of Conan Doyle’s Sherlock Holmes stories’ most horrible villains are rich dudes that are abusive to women, in a time such as the 1880’s, compels me.

gardnerhill

There’s a whole subset of Sherlock Holmes stories that could be labeled Asshole Guys Try to Control Women’s Money.

three--rings

Yup, there’s a huge number of times where Sherlock Holmes is the ONLY person to take a young woman’s complaint or worry seriously and finds out someone is up to some serious evil. Holmes also shows a lot of compassion and empathy with the victims over and over again. (This is why I find “Secretly a woman” or “Trans” Holmes headcanons much more convincing than “sociopath” Holmes.)

waterhobbit

I am never going to shut up about how much I specifically love The Adventure of The Copper Beeches because it is literally Sherlock Holmes listening to a young lady he does not know except as a potential client, agreeing with her that a potential job she has interviewed for that she thinks is SUPER SKETCHY is, indeed, sketchy as fuck and when she says she’s probably gonna take the job anyways because the money is good and she needs it going “OKAY I GUESS but for the love of god please write to us so we know you’re okay we will literally drop everything and jump on a train if you want us to”.

The job turns out to indeed be sketchy as fuck, she writes to them, Holmes and Watson drop everything and jump on a train when she asks them to. I read this story for the first time when I was twelve and it made a HUGE impression.

three--rings

This is also the basis for a lot of speculation about Holmes’ family life. The idea that he has been a victim of abuse, or his mother was abused (or even murdered by his father.) There’s definitely SOMETHING that makes him very aware of how dangerous isolated families can be, and the dark things that can happen behind closed doors. Plus, of course, the motivation to devote himself to stopping crime. And yes, so much of it is of the personal type.

volkswagonblues

dude see this is one aspect of the original books i NEVER understand why modern remakes (cough cough) don’t go all in on. Like, in the 21th c we HAVE all the dumb forensic shit that made Victorian Holmes stand out, but we STILL DON’T HAVE uh….you know, compassion for women and minorities, or the willingness to believe them, adequate community support for domestic violence or hate crimes, etc. etc. which you’d think is exactly where a renegade consulting detective would come in handy. A good modern day Sherlock Holmes remake, instead of trying to convince us that Holmes is some super genius for being better than fingerprint analysis or whatever, could have him just be…a good person who helps out people the police can’t and won’t help. There you go. That’s how to write a relevant modern Holmes.

fahbee

One thing that annoys me is how much the BBC version of Sherlock (and the fandom around it) focus on police cases or cold cases. In the stories, Holmes’ bread and butter cases had fuck-all to do with the police and in a few stories, he actively works around/against them, or outright lies to them. Of the many, many things I wish that show had done differently, this is one is particularly obnoxious since it’s such a gimme.

tiger-in-the-flightdeck

There were very few actual murder cases in the Canon, and Holmes handled them either one of two ways:

Option one: The murder victim was innocent while the killer was an abusive bastard, see Speckled Band. Conclusion, arrest and have the killer charged (Or in the case of Speckled Band, indirectly murder him yourself then shrug and go home)

Option two: The victim was murdered to protect someone that the victim was abusing, or for vengeance, see Boscombe Valley, Devil’s Foot, Abbey Grange. Conclusion, Oops, I don’t know who the killer is, I am suddenly incompetent, oh look a pheasant.

marzipanandminutiae

you

you do know most people broadly considered abusing women bad back then, right?

like obviously standards were different and many things we’d consider Definitely Not Okay today found a lot more sympathy. but the fact that these stories’ runaway popularity kind of implies that audiences in the 1880s also loved seeing brutes who terrorized women getting their comeuppance

my takeaway from this is not that the Holmes canon is somehow exceptional and “ahead of its time” in this regard

it’s that Joseph(ine) Q. Victorian just might have been more like modern readers than many of the latter realize

(although how much of that was liking to hear stories of The Downtrodden, Avenged and how much of it was a fondness for damsels in distress is up for debate, I freely admit)

prismatic-bell

A significant amount of the Holmes audience was women.

Boom.

There’s your answer.

Like that’s literally it, Holmes was popular with women.

wetwareproblem

And modern adaptations tend to avoid that because if your Holmes drinks respect women juice the Doyle estate will sue you.

cannibalize

@calamitys-child

angelnumber27

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faymaker

Top Gun is one of the most gay movies I’ve ever seen, I guarantee you someone had 5 awakenings during the volleyball scene

cogentranting

If I had a nickel for every time Patrick Stewart’s Professor X has been murdered on screen by a red-headed woman who used to be a hero who could read minds a little and had some telekinesis but then gained godlike powers to alter reality at will making her nearly unstoppable and eventually evil, I would have two nickels which isn’t a lot but it’s weird that it’s happened twice.

nephrosoupp

01may1994

willow-lark

can’t believe there’s going to be a new generation of pjo fans who automatically picture walker scobell when they think of percy jackson and not a hodgepodge of viria and burdge’s fanart. does that make me old

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ovur

Now give the donkey a drink of pure wine..... to wash down the figs..!

britomart

^_^ and >_< and also o_O and also T_T as well as >_> btw. if you care -_-

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