#toughness

Natural rubber process boosts tire toughness about tenfold while preserving stiffness

Natural rubber, tapped from trees as latex, is the world's most widely used bio-elastomer. Comprising long molecular chains that make it pliable and stretchy yet highly resistant to cracking and strain, natural rubber is foundational to countless products, including the heavy-duty tires in trucks, buses, and airplanes. But to make rubber products that can withstand those demanding applications, large machines must mix in reinforcing particles, usually carbon black or silica, that chew up the rubber's long polymer chains and effectively sacrifice many of the natural material's most exceptional properties, from elasticity to cold resistance. The result is a tire that's sufficiently stiff, yet prone to wearing and cracking, which produces polluting dust as it wears and decreases its lifespan.

And because I need an example, I'm going to talk about Arcane. Vi is tough, not hard. Vander likewise, that's probably where she got it from. Silco is hard -- he misunderstood softness and weakness and (mostly, not entirely) purged it from himself, and tried to teach Jinx to do the same. Ambessa is hard; she was fortunately unsuccessful at getting Mel to be the same, Mel is tough. However once she got her claws into Caitlyn Caitlyn started down that route (but did not complete it). I suspect Cassandra was tough.

And because I love my 2024 (Little Witch Academia) and 2023 (Willow (2022)) obsessions also...

Croix vs Diana. They parallel each other -- Croix chose to be hard, and failed to help Chariot; Diana kept her softness and chose toughness, and succeeded in helping Akko.

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Scientists have measured the highest toughness ever recorded, of any material, while investigating a metallic alloy made of chromium, cobalt, and nickel (CrCoNi). Not only is the metal extremely ductile—which, in materials science, means highly malleable—and impressively strong (meaning it resists permanent deformation), its strength and ductility improve as it gets colder. This runs counter to most other materials in existence.

The team, led by researchers from Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, published a study describing their record-breaking findings in Science.

"When you design structural materials, you want them to be strong but also ductile and resistant to fracture," said project co-lead Easo George, the Governor's Chair for Advanced Alloy Theory and Development at ORNL and the University of Tennessee. "Typically, it's a compromise between these properties. But this material is both, and instead of becoming brittle at low temperatures, it gets tougher."

Just a one-woman show trying to organically build a socially-conscious brand around being kind, joyful, and tough as nails in the worst possible era of social media to do so 💕

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