The first and most important big difference is that abortion is affordable, widely accessible, and not stigmatized in China. Teen mothers are rare in China because the overwhelming majority of teen pregnancies end in abortion. (85-99%, depending on the source you're looking at. rates are higher in urban population.) This tax does not affect abortion.

The second big difference is that China has massive social support programs for mothers and children. Guaranteed 5-6 months or more of paid maternity leave, subsidized childcare and preschool, a basic income program for the poor, national programs to promote flexible employment for working mothers, and universal healthcare. These programs are imperfect - there's not nearly enough public childcare to meet demand, the basic income program is extremely minimal and doesn't phase out, the "mom jobs" are mostly in low-wage/low-skill employment, public healthcare doesn't cover everything, etc - but this is taking place in a totally different environment around social support.

And finally - as bad of a sign as this is, the 13% tax on condoms works out to about 5 yuan per pack. The average daily income of a chinese worker is 150-300 yuan. The basic income program provides 800-1000 yuan per month (or did in 2016, which is the latest I can find actual numbers on how much dibao was worth). This article makes the argument that this tax is mostly symbolic, and I think the author has a point. It's not nearly enough to actually change people's behavior. The point is to signal the Chinese government's new pro-natalist priorities. The point is to say "No no, we're serious. We really do want you to have kids now. We know we spent the last 40 years telling you not to have kids but now we want you to have kids."

One of the effects was that they couldn't admit to mistakes or accidents. They would lie when they could, and they'd try to cover it up when they could.

One day, they broke one of my glass dishes in the kitchen. I wasn't at home at the time, so they cleaned up in a hurry and then hurriedly scrambled to glue it back together. They never said anything to me, and I wouldn't have ever noticed-

Except I walk barefoot in my home and two steps into the kitchen I had a small shard of glass in my foot. Looking for a source, I noticed the dish in the drain, and looked a lot more closely at it than I normally would have, and noticed a small piece missing from where they had glued two larger pieces together.

It took me a good twenty minutes to fish that glass out of my foot. I then went and vacuumed very throughly, as two dogs and a cat lived in that house, along with the humans.

If they hadn't been stuck in the patterns they learned when they were younger, they might have told me about the glass, and I could have worn shoes until it was safe. They might have spent longer cleaning it up and making sure the floor was safe, instead of trying to cover up their mistake by gluing the dish back together.

If they could have broken out of those patterns, they would not have put those around them in harm's way.