The video never touches on the fact that it is likely that not only are concussions involving the brain rattling around inside the skull, but that a contributing factor, possibly even as the primary factor, for the damage caused by concussions is from cavitation bubbles forming and collapsing within the fluids inside the brain, and the implosions of which release a large amount of energy in the form of shockwaves that rip through the entirety of the brain tissue. As well as plenty of heat in the implosion, which could be cooking the brain tissue in small spots, as well!
So, a concussion potentially involves a lot more damage than just rattling the brain back and forth against the inside of the skull.
To explain a bit on how/why this happens, if you get a glass coke bottle, filled with lets say at least a couple inches of water, with the cap on or off, (it doesn't matter which, despite some incorrect explanations), and you hold the bottle up and open palm hit the top the bottle fast enough, you can cause the bottom of it to explode, like you literally shatter the bottom right off the thing! Despite your hit being in the top of the bottle.
High speed cameras have shown that what's happening is that the glass bottom of the bottle rapidly accelerates since the glass doesn't compress from the hit on the top of it, and at the same time the liquid inside the bottle that was resting against that glass bottom does NOT accelerate with the bottom of the bottle as it does. Because of the liquid's inertia.
The glass floor moving while the liquid does not, causes cavitation voids to form within the liquid, which are essentially like air bubbles *except* that they are bubbles of vacuum. Empty void space!
But! Since everything is under 1 atmosphere of pressure, those cavitation bubbles of empty vacuum *rapidly* collapse, and the resulting *implosions* give off visible light, heat, and more importantly, high pressure shockwaves that nova throughout the liquid, which then shatter the glass bottom off of the bottle when they reach it.
The rigidity of the skull case in hard hit is just like the glass bottle. The skull in a rapid hit accelerates before the fluids in fluid filled spaces does due to inertia if the liquid, and if the impact is large enough, the exact same cavitation bubbles issues occurs as with the liquid inside the coke bottle. Except!! This happens inside the brain!
Last I saw, there isn't yet a clear consensus on how much of a factor this plays in concussions, but it's plausible that it could actually be the primary factor for the damage caused by concussions, rather than the simple explanation of the brain rattling around inside the skull being the primary (or only) source of damage in concussions.
jacobvanloon
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