ESSAY WRITING AT DEGREE LEVEL: THE BASICS
when i started my undergraduate literature degree my writing was no way near up to scratch. my punctuation and grammar was all over the place, i didnāt know how to properly structure my essays and as a result my ideas were often all over the place. in the second year of my degree i made it my priority to work on this and spent HOURS trying to improve my writing. it took time, a lot of patience and there was a lot of frustration (especially since it wasnāt reflected in my grades until my third year). but, eventually, it really paid off. itās important to acknowledge that being able to write well can take time and is often not something that comes naturally, but that doesnāt mean you wonāt get there in the end.
here are a few things i learnt:
first things first, sort out your punctuation and grammar. these are easy marks to lose and itās just a matter of practice. firstly, to find out where youāre going wrong go and talk to someone. universities often have writing sessions or one-to-ones aimed at tackling problems like these. this is where you can show them your essay and they can guide you through what you need to improve on (having someone else point out your common mistakes can be really helpful). secondly, find yourself a copy of hazel hutchinsonās how to write great essays and dissertations. this book was my go-to during second year. it covers everything from structure, to punctuation and using secondary sources, so it is a great way of figuring out the basics. another one iād recommend is my grammar and i (or should that be āmeā?).
once youāve got that down, begin to closely read academic essays and secondary sources. whilst these are great means of research, they are also super useful for seeing what an academic essay should look like. take note of the way they structure sentences. what do their introductions look like and how do they shape their ideas? by the end of your degree your essays should essentially be shorter versions of these so itās a good idea to use them as a base for your own writing.
essay structure: throw out your a-level paragraphs!Ā when i first started my BA, i thought each paragraph was expected to contain a point, evidence and explanation (p.e.e. as it was taught to me in school). what i later learned is that, although this is to some extent true, starting a new point every paragraph makes the essay sound choppy and the argument can be stunted and undeveloped - especially as youāll be writing longer essays at undergrad. rather than doing this, i ended up making just one or two points throughout the essay and spreading this across a few paragraphs each time, using two or three bits of textual evidence, close analysis and lengthy explanation to develop my argument.
writing is about rewriting. itās rare that your writing will be as good as it can be after the first draft.Ā try and finish your essay a week before itās due (although this is not always possible), have a few days off and then look back through it. at this point, i normally print a hard copy, take a highlighter and read it through slowly, highlighting anything that sounds out of place or could be explained further as i go. this way, you can go back through and tighten things, make your sentences smoother, and ensure your argument is as clear as it can be.
finally, and most importantly, donātĀ -Ā Ā tryĀ -Ā toĀ -Ā lookĀ -Ā fancy. i canāt stress this enough. too many students think they have to use big words and complicated sentences for their work to sound clever and āacademicā. thatās not true!! the most important thing is to be clear and concise. show your intelligence off in your argument, not your writing. your tutors want to be able to understand what youāre saying and for it to be easy to read, so donāt panic if you think your essay sounds too simple orĀ ādumbā because you havenāt used big words - it doesnāt!
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