duolingo section 3 unit 6

i am listening to you ➪ je vous écoute

i don’t know you ➪ je ne vous connais pas

do you understand me? ➪ tu me comprends ?

do you see me? ➪ tu me vois ?

does she see you everyday? ➪ elle te voit tous les jours ?

we don’t hate you ➪ on ne te déteste pas

we know you well ➪ on te connaît bien

do you love me? ➪ tu m’aimes ?

come see me! ➪ viens me voir !

A

À - to (je vais à la plage - I’m going to the beach), at (le chat est à la maison - the cat is at the house), indirect object/complément d’attribution (c’est au chat - it’s the cat's), adverbial phrase of way (une peinture à l’huile - an oil painting), adverbial locution introducer (à l’instant - just now), price indicator (le kilo de pommes est à deux euros), infinitive form introducer (c’est à prendre ou à laisser - take it or leave it), approximation introducer (c’est à dix minutes d’ici - it’s about ten min. away), against (dos à dos), after (pas à pas), until (aimer à la folie)

Après - after (je te rejoins après le travail - I’ll join you after work)

Avant - before (je me suis levée avant toi - I got up before you did)

Avec - with (je vis avec mes deux chats - I live with my two cats)

C

Chez - at X’s > person or brand of a shop (je suis chez mon père - I'm at dad's)

Concernant - regarding, about (concernant ton offre, je la refuse - about your offer, I'm refusing it)

Contre - against (je suis contre ta décision - I stand against your decision, le chat est assis contre le mur - the cat is sitting against the wall)

D

Dans - in (le chat est dans mon sac - the cat is in my bag)

D’après - according to (d’après Victor Hugo, Fantine est blonde)

De - of (au bout de la rue - at the end of the street)

Dedans - inside of it (le chat est dedans - the cat is inside of it)

Dehors - outside (le chat est dehors - the cat is outside)

Depuis - since (j'ai mon chat depuis que j'ai dix ans - I've had my cat since I was 10), from (tout était beau, depuis la décoration jusqu’aux couleurs - everything was lovely, from the decoration to the colours)

Derrière - behind (le chat est derrière toi - the cat is behind you)

Dès - as soon as (je te préviens dès que j’arrive - I’ll let you know as soon as I get there), immediately (si je pouvais, je partirais dès maintenant)

Dessous - under (la clé était dessous le lit - the key was under the bed)

Dessus - on (le chat est assis dessus - the cat is sitting on it),

Devant - in front of (j’attends devant la maison - I’m waiting in front of the house)

Durant - during (il est mort durant la famine - he died during the famine), for (elle a vécu là-bas durant des années - she lived there for years)

E

En : at (je suis nul en Français - I’m bad at French), material indicator (une table en bois - a wooden table), change indicator (il s’est transformé en papillon - it turned into a butterfly), division mood (couper en deux - cut in two pieces), during (en hiver, j’ai toujours un rhume - during the winter season, I always get a cold), gerundive element (elle tomba en criant - she fell, screaming), shape/appearance indicator (un arbre en fleurs - a blossoming tree)

Entre - between/out of (entre tous les garçons, Louis est le plus grand - out of all of the boys, Louis is the tallest)

Envers - towards/to (il est méchant envers elle - he’s mean to her)

Ès - in (licencié-e ès sciences - bachelor of sciences) - rare, uni titles

Excepté(e/s) - except (exceptée Louise, elles sont toutes arrivées)

H

Hormis - except (hormis Pierre, nous avons tous le permis - except from Pierre, we all have a driving license)

Hors - out of (il est hors de lui - he’s beside himself)

J

Jusque/jusqu’à (+ subjunctive) - until (il a miaulé jusqu'à ce que je le nourrisse - he meowed until I fed him)

M

Malgré - despite (il est venu malgré sa grippe - he came despite his flu)

Moyennant - in exchange for (moyennant un changement de ton, tu pourras rester - If you change your tone, you’ll be allowed to stay) - rare

N

Nonobstant - in spite of (”Charles Myriel, nonobstant ce mariage, avait, disait-on, beaucoup fait parler de lui” Les Misérables) - rare/old

O

Ôté - taken of from (6 ôté de 10 égale 4)

Outre - besides (outre mes deux cats, il n'y a personne chez moi - outside of my cats, there's no one at my house)

P

Par - by (la Joconde a été painte par Léonard de Vinci), direction indicator (il est parti par là - he went that way), with (je commence par une entrée - I start with an entree), per (j’en prends trois par jour - I take three per days)

Parmi - amongst (parmi mes chats, c'est le plus petit - he’s my smallest cat)

Passé - after/past (passé 2h, tout est fermé - past 2AM, everything is closed)

Pendant - during (je t’appellerai pendant ma pause - I’ll call you during my break)

Pour - for (je suis là pour toi - I’m here for you), to (je pars pour Paris - I’m heading to Paris), according to (pour moi, c'est une erreur - I think it's a mistake)

Près (de) - near (je suis près de Paris - I’m near Paris)

S

Sans - without (je suis sans voix - I am speechless)

Sauf - except (j’aime tout sauf la pluie - I like everything but rain)

Selon - according to (selon moi, tu as tort - in my opinion, you’re wrong)

Sous - under (le chat est sous la table - the cat is under the table)

Suivant - according to (suivant ce que j’ai entendu, il ne reviendra pas - according to what I’ve heard, he won’t come back)

Sur - on (le chat est sur la table - the cat is on the table), about (c’est un film sur la guerre - it’s a movie about the war), towards (regarde sur ta droite - look on your right), out of (deux fois sur trois il est en retard - two out of three times he's late)

V

Vers - towards (elle avance vers moi - she’s coming towards me), somewhere around (elle habite vers l’église - she lives near the church), about (Elle est rentrée vers minuit - she got home around midnight)

Voici - here is/are (voici mon chat - here’s my cat)

Voilà - there is/are (et voilà les miens - and there are mine), it’s been (voilà deux ans que je ne les avais pas vues - it had been two years since I last saw them)

Vu - given (vu la situation, c’est mieux comme ça - given the circumstances, that’s better that way) - casual

Les temps

Le passé

Pluperfect (plus-que-parfait): Elle avait fermé la porte - She had closed the door [imperfect Être/Avoir auxiliary + past participle]

Imperfect (imparfait): Elle fermait la porte - She closed the door [description, historical detail, habit in the past]

Perfect (passé composé): Elle a fermé la porte - She has closed the door [simple present Être/Avoir + past participle]

Simple past (passé simple): Elle ferma la porte - She closed the door [literary]

Past conditional (conditionnel passé): Elle aurait fermé la porte - She would have closed the door [present conditional Être/Avoir + past participle; expresses a regret or theory/fantasy]

Perfect past (passé antérieur): Elle eut fermé la porte - She had closed the door [simple past Être/Avoir + past participle; rare, literary, expresses the anteriority of an action compared to the one that follows]

Recent past (passé récent): Elle vient de fermer la porte - She just closed the door [simple present Venir de + infinitive; about what just happened]*

Past imperative (impératif passé): Aie fermé la porte - Have the door closed (before...) [present imperative Être/Avoir without the pronoun + past participle; only in 2nd person singular + 1st/2nd person plural, expresses the anteriority of an action (order, prohibition, suggestion, plea) compared to the one that follows]

Past infinitive (infinitif passé): Avoir fermé la porte est important - Having closed the door is important [present infinitive Être/Avoir + past participle; expresses the anteriority of an action accomplished before the one that follows]

(Past participle (participe passé): Elle a fermé la porte [used after an auxiliary in multiple compound tenses, usually to express a past action])

Le présent

Indicative/simple present (présent de l'indicatif/simple): Elle ferme la porte - She closes the door

Progressive present (présent progressif): Elle est en train de fermer la porte - She is closing the door [simple present Être + en train de + infinitive; about what is in the process of happening]

Present conditional (conditionnel présent): Elle fermerait la porte - She would close the door [expresses politeness, a desire, suggestion, theory]*

Present imperative (impératif présent): Ferme la porte - Close the door [simple present without the pronoun; only exists in 2nd person singular and 1st/2nd person plural, expresses an order, prohibition, recommendation, plea]

Present infinitive (infinitif présent): Fermer la porte - Close the door [infinitive verb; used in lists, on signs, after certain prepositions/conjugated verbs, expresses a number of feelings]

(Present participle: Elle ferme la porte menant aux chambres - She closes the door leading to the bedrooms [verb + -ant; used to add precisions and usually replaces qui + simple present verb])

Le futur

Near future (futur proche): Elle va fermer la porte - She is going to close the door [present Aller + infinitive; about what is about to happen]

Simple future (futur simple): Elle fermera la porte - She will close the door

Perfect future (futur antérieur): Elle aura fermé la porte - She will have closed the door [simple future Aller + infinitive; about what will have happened]

*NB: To use "If... (then)..." constructions, use imperfect for V.1 and present conditional for V.2 in the present (Si elle mangeait, elle n'aurait pas faim), or pluperfect for V1. and past conditional for V.2 in the past (Si elle avait mangé, elle n'aurait pas eu faim).

Les modes

Present gerund (gérondif présent): Elle ferme la porte en criant - She closes the door shouting [(conj. verb 1 +) en + verb 2 + -ant; used to describe two simultaneous actions, not to be used with a stative verb (Être, Sembler, etc.)]

Past gerund (gérondif passé): Ayant fermé la porte, elle fut enfermée dehors - Having closed the door, she was locked out [Être/Avoir + -ant + past participle; used to describe the anteriority of an action]

Present subjunctive (subjonctif présent): Il faut qu'elle ferme la porte - She has to close the door [triggered by certain constructions + que; about an uncertain action that hasn't happened atm, that only exists in someone's head.]

Past subjunctive (subjonctif passé): Il fallait qu'elle ait fermé la porte - She had to have closed the door [certain constructions + que + pronoun/noun + present subjunctive Être/Avoir + past participle; about an uncertain situation that might have happened]

Imperfect subjunctive (subjonctif imparfait): Il fallait qu'elle fermât la porte - She had to close the door [certain constructions + que + pronoun/noun + present subjunctive; RARE/lit., about an uncertain situation that hadn't happened yet]

Here’s all the vocab from Unit 2 of the French course on Duolingo:

Greeting people & saying what you’re doing:

bonjour = hello / good morning

au revoir = goodbye

madame = miss/mrs

monsieur = mister

suisse = Swiss

français, française = French

allemand, allemande = German

anglais, anglaise = English

espagnol, espagnole = Spanish

mexicain, mexicaine = Mexican

américain, américaine = American

la nuit = the night

bon, bonne = good

bonne nuit = good night

mauvais, mauvaise = bad

grand, grande = big

une souris = a mouse

un livre = a book

un gâteau = a cake

le pain = the bread

une chose = a thing

une tomate = a tomato

le supermarché = the supermarket

le sandwich = the sandwich

la salade = the salad

une bouteille d'eau = a bottle of water

les hommes = the men

les femmes = the women

les garçons = the boys

les filles = the girls

les enfants = the children

calme, calmes = calm

je suis = i am

tu es = you are

il/elle est = he/she is

nous sommes = we are

vous êtes = you are

ils/elles sont = they are

nous avons = we have

vous avez = you have (pl.)

ils/elles ont = they have

j'écris = i write

tu écris = you write

il/elle écrit = he/she writes

nous écrivons = we write

vous écrivez = you write (pl.)

ils/elles écrivent = they write

lire = to read

je lis = i read

tu lis = you read

il/elle lit = he/she reads

nous lisons = we read

vous lisez = you read (pl.)

ils/elles lisent = they read

manger = to eat

je mange = i eat

tu manges = you eat

il/elle mange = he/she eats

nous mangeons = we eat

vous mangez = you eat (pl.)

ils/elles mangent = they eat

le journal = the newspaper

la lettre = the letter

le livre = the book

les livres = the books

maison = home, house

parler = to speak

je parle = i speak

tu parles = you speak

il/elle parle = he/she speaks

nous parlons = we speak

vous parlez = you speak (pl.)

ils/elles parlent = they speak

acheter = to buy

excuse-moi = excuse me

s'il te plaît = please

d'accord = okay

aujourd'hui = today

super = great

et toi? = and you?

felt cute might delete later

Absolute beginner adult ballet series (fabulous beginning teacher)

40 piano lessons for beginners (some of the best explanations for piano I’ve ever seen)

Excellent basic crochet video series

Basic knitting (probably the best how to knit video out there)

Pre-Free Figure Skate Levels A-D guides and practice activities (each video builds up with exercises to the actual moves!)

How to draw character faces video (very funny, surprisingly instructive?)

Another drawing character faces video

Literally my favorite art pose hack

Tutorial of how to make a whole ass Stardew Valley esque farming game in Gamemaker Studios 2??

Introduction to flying small aircrafts

French/Dutch/Fishtail braiding

Playing the guitar for beginners (well paced and excellent instructor)

Playing the violin for beginners (really good practical tips mixed in)

Color theory in digital art (not of the children’s hospital variety)

Retake classes you hated but now there’s zero stakes:

Calculus 1 (full semester class)

Learn basic statistics (free textbook)

Introduction to college physics (free textbook)

Introduction to accounting (free textbook)

Learn a language:

Ancient Greek

Latin

Spanish

German

Japanese (grammar guide) (for dummies)

French

Cooking with flavor bootcamp (used what I learned in this a LOT this year)

Beekeeping 101

Learn Interior Design from the British Academy of Interior Design (free to audit course - just choose the free option when you register)

Video on learning to read music that actually helped me??

How to use and sew with a sewing machine

How to ride a bike (listen. some of us never learned, and that's okay.)

How to cornrow-braid hair (I have it on good authority that this video is a godsend for doing your baby niece's black hair)

Making mead at home (I actually did this last summer and it was SO good)

How to garden

Basics of snowboarding (proceed with caution)

How to draw for people who (think they) suck at art (I know this website looks like a 2003 monstrosity, but the tutorials are excellent)

Pixel art for beginners so you can make the next great indie game

Go (back) to school

Introduction to Astronomy (high school course - free textbook w/ practice problems)

Principals of Economics (high school course - free textbook w/ practice problems)

Introduction to philosophy (free college course)

Computer science basics (full-semester Harvard course free online)

Learn a language

Japanese for Dummies (link fix from 2022)

Ukrainian

Portuguese (Brazil)

American Sign Language (as somebody who works with Deaf people professionally, I also strongly advise you to read up on Deaf/HoH culture and history!)

Chinese (Simplified)

tagged by @eldestdaughterr & @positivewitch ♥️✨

rule: go to Pinterest, search “[your name] core aesthetic” and create a moodboard from the first nine images. no need to mention your name!

this was so fun! funny enough, I do vibe with this aesthetic 😌

Why is this accurate tho

I can see the vibes they went for and they are honestly very accurate😭

I'm gonna use my internet name for this one XD

There are a couple of these going around and I’m too lazy to look and see who has been tagged, so if you’ve already done this my bad, and also if you haven’t been tagged and you want to be, consider this your tag

feel free to consider this your tag if you want !

i am actually surprised anything came up tbh. i am obsessed w fairies atm

AVOIR = TO HAVE

ETRÊ= TO BE

MANGER = TO EAT

BOIRE = TO DRINK

MARCHER : TO WALK

VOIR = TO SEE

DORMIR =TO SLEEP

ACHETER =TO BUY

VENDRE = TO SELL

PARLER = TO TALK, TO SPEAK

DIRE = TO SAY, TO TELL

LIRE = TO READ

ALLER = TO GO

VENIR = TO COME

APPRENDRE = TO LEARN

LAVER : TO WASH

UTILISER : TO USE

COUPER : TO CUT ,TO CHOP

CUISINER =TO COOK

METTRE: TO PUT

DÉPENSER : TO SPEND

ESSAYER :TO TRY ,TO TRY ON

OUBLIER : TO FORGET

FERMER : TO CLOSE

OUVRIR: TO OPEN

VERSER = TO POUR

ÉCRIR = TO WRITE

CHERCHE : TO LOOK FOR

SAVOIR = TO KNOW, TO KNOW HOW TO DO SOMETHING

VOULOUIR : TO WANT

If you’re looking to practice a bit and remember your target language better… here are tons of free worksheets/workbooks for 34 languages (Japanese, Spanish, Korean, French, German, Italian, etc, etc.)

It’s the same type of “fill in the blank” workbook across all of their languages but the magic in actually rewriting things over and over is that the words end up sticking. Plus, there are English sections where you’ll have to force yourself to remember and write the word/phrase in the target language - which is even better for your memory (called active recall - forcing yourself to remember).  I’m personally a big fan of this approach and I’d do similar to pass vocab quizzes in my HS & uni language classes.

If you’re interested, give these a go.

Afrikaans— https://www.afrikaanspod101.com/Afrikaans-workbooks

Arabic— https://www.arabicpod101.com/Arabic-workbooks

Bulgarian— https://www.bulgarianpod101.com/Bulgarian-workbooks

Cantonese— https://www.cantoneseclass101.com/Cantonese-workbooks

Chinese— https://www.chineseclass101.com/Chinese-workbooks

Czech— https://www.czechclass101.com/Czech-workbooks

Danish— https://www.danishclass101.com/Danish-workbooks

Dutch— https://www.dutchpod101.com/Dutch-workbooks

English— https://www.englishclass101.com/English-workbooks

Filipino— https://www.filipinopod101.com/Filipino-workbooks

Finnish— https://www.finnishpod101.com/Finnish-workbooks

French— https://www.frenchpod101.com/French-workbooks

German—https://www.germanpod101.com/German-workbooks

Greek— https://www.greekpod101.com/Greek-workbooks

Hebrew— https://www.hebrewpod101.com/Hebrew-workbooks

Hindi— https://www.hindipod101.com/Hindi-workbooks

Hungarian— https://www.hungarianpod101.com/Hungarian-workbooks

Indonesian— https://www.indonesianpod101.com/Indonesian-workbooks

Italian— https://www.italianpod101.com/Italian-workbooks

Japanese— https://www.japanesepod101.com/Japanese-workbooks

Korean— https://www.koreanclass101.com/Korean-workbooks

Norwegian— https://www.norwegianclass101.com/Norwegian-workbooks

Persian— https://www.persianpod101.com/Persian-workbooks

Polish— https://www.polishpod101.com/Polish-workbooks

Portuguese— https://www.portuguesepod101.com/Portuguese-workbooks

Romanian— https://www.romanianpod101.com/Romanian-workbooks

Russian— https://www.russianpod101.com/Russian-workbooks

Spanish— https://www.spanishpod101.com/Spanish-workbooks

Swahili— https://www.swahilipod101.com/Swahili-workbooks

Swedish— https://www.swedishpod101.com/Swedish-workbooks

Thai— https://www.thaipod101.com/Thai-workbooks

Turkish— https://www.turkishclass101.com/Turkish-workbooks

Urdu— https://www.urdupod101.com/Urdu-workbooks

Hello :)

Listening to music in my target language(s) always helped me a lot with pronunciation, vocabulary and use of language, so i’ve decided to share my spotify playlists that each focus on one language!

Some of them are still under construction and don’t have a lot of songs, but they will grow, I promise!

Links:

A   Arabic   Assamese   Aymar aru   Austrian German

B   Belarusian   Bulgarian

C   Chinese   Croatian 

D   Dutch

E   Estonian

F   Finnish   French

G   Georgian   German   Gujarati

H   Hindi   Hungarian

I   Italian

J   Japanese

K   Kazakh   Khmer   Korean

L   Lithuanian

M   Marathi

N   Norwegian

P   Polish   Portuguese   Punjabi

Q   Quechua

R   Romanian   Russian

S   Serbian   Sámi   Slovene   Spanish

T  Tagalog   Tamil   Telugu   Thai   Turkish

U   Ukrainian   Urdu

V   Vietnamese 

Big playlist with non-English songs only: click here

If the playlist links do not work, this link will lead you to my page!

❗ The Chinese, French, German, Japanese, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, and Spanish playlists are now also available on YouTube! If you need any of the other playlists on YT pls send me an ask! ❗

Note: These playlists are sorted by language, not by country! You might notice different accents!

Sit up straight

Walk confidently

Speak slowly and don’t use slang, incorporate new vocabulary.

Think before you speak. Is that TMI? Is that negative? Words are powerful, use them wisely

When someone gives you a compliment, always accept it with a “thank you” even if you disagree

Compliment strangers

Drink a cup of warm water when you wake. It has the same effect as lemon water but it’s better for your teeth

Aim to drink 2L of water a day.

If you drink 30 min before your meal you will eat less. Don’t drink any liquids while you eat or until 30 min after your meal, it’s better for your digestion

Want a flat stomach? Don’t eat anything 4 hours before bed and only eat the size of your fist in carbs per day

Practice mindfulness, notice when your mind wanders and bring your attention back to the present

Meditate 5 min every morning or in bed at night

Charge your phone in the living room at night so you’re not tempted to look at it before bed or first thing in the morning. Plus, you’ll have to get up to turn the alarm off so you won’t snooze

Make your bed every morning

Clutter is mentally toxic, keep only what you need and keep it tidy

Aim to only clean your home for 5 minutes a day. You’ll probably end up doing more. This trick works for anything you don’t want to do

When shopping, don’t buy things the same day. If you still want them after a few days, go back

Always do your best. Always

Forget motivation. Count from 5 to 1 if you need to do something you don’t want to. It tricks your brain. You can also focus on how you’ll feel once you’ve completed the task instead of thinking of the task itself.

Buy fresh flowers for your home.

Pamper yourself. You can do it yourself at home

Get massages. You can get Groupons

Always have manicured nails and toes. Sèche Vite top coat is a must!

Buy nice pyjamas and lounge wear. Look good for yourself.

Listen to classical music when you study and when you clean your home

Listen to music when you drive. While others will be road raging, you’ll be too busy vibing to notice

Use the 50/30/20 rule for your finances. 50% on living expenses, 30% on entertainment and shopping and 20% in savings

Take advantage of banks offering money to open new accounts

Have an emergency fund: 3-6 months worth of living expenses in a high interest savings account

Celebrate every time you get money whether it’s in interest, pay checks or even money you find on the floor. You can just do a little dance. You’ll attract more wealth.

Leave money around your house. It will be a reminder that money is abundant.

Watch only 1h of TV a day and no reality TV

Don’t read gossip magazines/blogs.

Get a library card and read at least one book a month.

Cut out toxic people. If you can’t, try not to be around them as much

Socialize with loved ones a bit everyday even if it’s just a phone call. It’s good for morale

Treat everyone with respect. If someone disrespects you, know that it’s got nothing to do with you and everything to do with them and don’t get caught up in it, keep your composure, you’re better than that

Take up a hobby or two, you’ll be a more interesting, well-rounded person

Listen to podcasts

• Lyrics Training - Lyric fill in game

• Radio Garden - Listen to the radio anywhere in the world

• Language Reactor - Browser extension to learn with Netflix, YouTube, etc

• BaBaDum - Fun vocab games

• Linguno - Listening, vocab, and conjugation exercises, plus 10 daily crosswords in each language

• Bilinguis - Read a small selection of classic, older books in a bilingual side-by-side style. Some have audio reading as well!

• Lyrik Line - Read and listen to poetry in your target language!! Huge selection

• Top 40 Charts - Top 40 music hits in countries around the world.

• Kiosko - Daily newspaper covers all over the world. Clicking on one takes you to the news website to read more

• Lexicity - For all of you ancient language obsessed people!! Amazing and thorough resource for many ancient languages

-> Click on the link below to get links to all those sites + more information about them!