Can I just float the question of: was Finn homophobic?
• I mean he said the F word to Kurt. Which was really bad and he should have known better, especially since they were friends.
• He outed Santana and he didn't think it was that big of a deal. I mean no matter what, it is never someone's place to out another person. I know that it's not real, but in glee universe he had no idea what her situation was. Her parents could have disowned her, her abuela did. I'm saying this because if someone did that to me then my life would be over, I don't know where I would live and I wouldn't have any support.
• Also, when Santana was insulting Finn his reaction was to basically say "yea well you're gay." That is his idea of the biggest insult he could have thrown at Santana. In my mind being gay would never be seen as an insult or ammunition to use against someone but he did. What does that say about him??
I think even Glee itself doesn't shy away from Finn's homophobic tendencies, at least in season 1, which is a refreshing bit of self-awareness. It doesn't last. The self-awareness, that is. The homophobia does.
So here's the thing, I think Finn was meant to represent this more lowkey but just as sinister type of homophobia where you're cool with gay people in theory and are more progressive than your mates, until it's time to actually confront your own socialization and make a stand. That's season 1, imo. Where Glee has enough of a critical eye turned towards Finn where they can elevate him from ~other boys~ who are more hostile and actively homophobic but also explore that not standing up against a system is also perpetuating it. In non-pretentious terms, Glee doesn't shy away from Kurt's crossing of boundaries in season 1 but also 100% acknowledges that Finn is too comfortable in his privileged position and too ready to abuse it. The infamous slur scene is Finn resorting to homophobic language because it puts Kurt down and elevates him. And Finn throughout the series season is caving in to peer pressure from other jocks because his own image matters more to him than actually being anti-homophobic.
That story works in season 1, imo, because Finn learns his lesson but with much, much more space for growth. The correct continuation would have been not him having to learn the exact same lesson with Kurt again in 2x08 Furt and not him getting a free pass for every subsequent homophobic action. Alas, he lost all my sympathy when he was centered again and again in queer narratives without learning his lesson, without giving up his privilege to enact real change, without understanding how his actions continued hurting people, without examining his own messed up homophobia that came from his social context. Sure, he and Kurt became brothers but it felt like the show just absolved him of all sins. And proceeded to have him out a Latina lesbian to a homophobic high school/conservative town. With zero remorse or even sign that he knew how messed up what he did was. Because make no mistake, as much as Finn just wanted to hurt Santana in 3x06, he chose to do it by attacking her sexual identity and threatening her personal safety. That's homophobia and a particularly insidious act of it, at that, because everything in previous seasons tells us that Finn should know better than to do that. And he does it anyway. That's not just ignorance, that's cruelty.
So. Is Finn homophobic? Well, I think there's a distinction between being homophobic and doing/saying homophobic things. Finn was meant to belong to the latter category in Glee and meant to evolve into someone who genuinely learns to do better and stand up in the face of homophobia. Glee thinks that's what they did with the ch but I beg to differ. I think Finn is a person who just doesn't grasp the gravity of things and doesn't know how to apologize. See the Sue and baby Robin incident. So even though he does a genuinely great job later on with Unique's situation, I struggle to say he's not still homophobic because he just didn't demonstrate he was capable of that kind of growth. And that's on the writers and their treatment of Finn as a golden boy instead of the messed up kid who makes mistakes and has to learn bit by bit, not just be portrayed as this inherently "good" guy. By painting him as inherently, instinctively good even when he screwed up big time - bigger than anyone else on the show if you ask me - they halted that growth and he remained homophobic.
Mini-Finn analysis/glimpse at my personal frustrations with him aside, I'd say he has huge issues with homophobia, yeah. How can you not think so after everything that happened with both Kurt and Santana. But that's just it, most of the fandom (based on the reddit days, anyway) would vehemently deny this. The show tells us he got over his homophobia, so. When I say with 100% certainty that Finn Hudson has a nasty case of The Homophobia, I know that can be a controversial statement. To wrap up a long story concisely, that is what I'd say though, yeah. Not only was Finn homophobic but he never truly got over it like the show would have us pretend.