A child is punished for moving and making noise.
To avoid more punishment, the child sits still and is quiet. But they have to actively remind themself constantly to sit still and be quiet.
The teacher sees the child sitting still and being quiet. The teacher treats this as the baseline.
Since the child is putting a lot of effort into sitting still and being quiet, doing so distracts from paying attention to what the teacher is teaching. The child then is punished for not paying attention.
The child now knows that they'll be punished no matter what they do. And they can't explain why they struggle, because any attempt to explain is arguing.
