A Teisho on the Embodiment of True Self
In the Zen tradition, we frequently intone the Bodhisattva Vows, the first of which promises that âsentient beings are numberless, I vow to save them all.â
In his famed Compass of Zen teaching, the Korean Zen Master Seung Sahn opens with the following dictate: âfirst wake up, then help save all beings.â
Interestingly, salvation isnât a word that most Buddhists easily own. Indeed, the wrestling with the language of the Bodhisattva Vows is something that has found its way into just about every English-speaking sangha. Afterall, salvation is really something that belongs more to those Abrahamic types, isnât it? Along those lines, I can recall the elderly Vietnamese nun with whom I served as co-Abbot of a temple for about a decade frequently admonishing âBuddhism means no one can do for you, only you can do!â
And yet, if weâre honest, what weâre all looking for, if we peek behind the blinds of mere life optimization is something perhaps best described as salvationâŚperhaps not the salvation that some other worldly figure delivers unto us at the moment of death, but salvation, nonetheless.
The Merriam-Webster dictionary provides three primary definitions of the word salvation, namely:
Deliverance from the power and effects of sin
Liberation from ignorance or illusion
Preservation from destruction or failure: deliverance from danger or difficulty
While the first definition certainly reifies somewhat a Judeo-Christian ethos, itâs not a far stretch to understand sin as a metaphor for all of the ways in which we find ourselves separated from the real- stuck in the ignorance and illusion that the second definition so clearly spells out, seeking then deliverance from the woes appendant to such ignorance, and the dangers and difficulties that acting from its place elicits.
Most Buddhists are at least comfortable with the Four Noble Truths, that is, the Buddha Shakyamuniâs original teaching on the nature of existence as being wrapped up in suffering and dissatisfaction, which itself arises from an inappropriate, uncalibrated relationship to reality, wherein we treat and regard things in any way other than that which befits the station that they actually occupy. Indeed, this supposition is the very foundation for all Buddhist thought and practice. The latter half of this teaching, however, gets tricky, where the Buddha notes that this uncalibrated relationship to the real is both elective and optional, and that through recalibration itself we can find salvation- deliverance from the woes of suffering and dissatisfaction, both on the psychological microcosm, and the ontological macrocosm.
Unfortunately, thereâs a lot of interpretation and commentary on this matter that isnât clear, which had led to a proliferation of blurry practice and spiritual cultivation, often to uncertain ends.
In the west psychological and sociological optimization tends to lead the charge of dharmic investigation, with notions such as pratityasamutpada (interdependent origination) being taken seriously only so much as they can poetically point toward social movements and dispositions that fit the fancies of our already errant minds and politics, noble as they might be in intent. Case-in-point the doctrine of pratityasamutpada (often preferably cast as âinterbeingâ) doesnât mostly, or even thereabouts, pertain to calls for social or environmental justice work and activism as a spiritual practice- enlightenment certainly doesnât hinge on the construction of some special world where the salvation from suffering can the ethically exist.
In the east, dharmic practice tends to take on a character of devotional hope, wherein the serious investigation into the nature of reality is abandoned (often alongside any so-called âengagedâ dharmic work) for surrender to the mythopoetic archetypes of the Buddhist pantheon, whose function cannot easily be parsed in that context from the Abrahamic devotion to various saints, angels, prophets, and deities in its own context.
The Zen tradition can clear this up, when honestly engaged in any context, be it eastern or western.
Among the various poetic endeavors and devotions that one might engage as flourish to oneâs practice, the actual practice of Zen is one of recalibrating oneâs perception and disposition to reality as it is, and in that it is about surrender. Everything consists of only this.
The first teaching of the Eightfold Path that the Buddha laid out as the steps (marga) to bringing about the cessation (nirodha) of suffering and dissatisfaction (dukkha) is the cultivation of Samyak Drishti, or âright view,â which gives rise to the capacity for being with things as they are, which is in and of itself salvific (and arguably, on both the mirco- and macro-cosmic scales).
The Zen tradition prizes especially the so-called Prajnaparamita literature, those scriptures which point to the perfected wisdom that bounds from the very heart of reality itself. Of this literary genre, the most famed examples are the Heart Sutra, and the Diamond Sutra.
While the Heart Sutra is perhaps the most frequently recited bit of Buddhist scripture in the world, I find that often it is just amorphous enough (in its poetic condensation of all of the Prajnaparamita literature) to be regarded little more than a Psalm proceeding a Gospel reading in a liturgical Christian church, familiar, well-esteemed, but functionally ignored.
Conversely, the Diamond Sutra is more regarded as a pseudo-apocryphal text, esteemed and nodded to, but little engaged. And yet, its full title points toward its potency- Vajracchedika Prajna Paramita Sutra- the Diamond Sword Which Cleaves Through to the Very Heart of Reality, Connecting Us Thereto. And as we beg the question what it is exactly that saves us, I find that this thread (sutra) is essential.
It might be simply understood that the primary message of the Heart Sutra is that form IS emptiness, and emptiness IS form. Not as a mirror or metaphor, but precisely- in the same time and space, all conceptual dichotomies are collapsed, and the unshorn fabric of reality emerges and unfurls, furls and submerges, moment-by-moment, contiguously.
The Diamond Sutra clarifies this. In the succinct summation of Seung Sahn:
All things that have tangible characteristics are delusion.
If you see that all aspects are not tangible aspects,
then you will see your True Self.
You should not abide in an object and give rise to thoughts.
If you see physical matter as the [self], if you search out the [self] with your own voice,
you are practicing the wrong path, and you cannot see your True Self.
All compounded things are like a dream, a phantom, a bubble, or a reflection.
They are like dew or lightening. Thus should you view them.
The âTrue Selfâ is an enduring Zen motif. Most plainly we understand that the True Self is the true body of all phenomena, and in this it is synonymous with salvation, realization, and liberation- call deliverance what you wish. It is the conscious recalibration with the only real identity, which has no outside and no inside, no beginning and no end. Or as the Heart Sutra invokes âno old age, no sickness, or death, and also no extinction of them.â
But how, really and practically, do we arrive at this realization? With what grace does such salvation befall us?
Well on one hand, this reality really is inescapable- itâs the only one! Even the ignorance thereof and proactive writhing against it fits snuggly within its vest- talk about grace! And, on the other hand, thatâs exactly what it is we need to experientially verify, so as to relate to any such thing called âsalvation.â
The classical prescription in Zen Buddhism is to sit down, shut up, and to pay attention. In other words, to practice Zazen, or seated meditation. And to be sure, zazen is a good and important practice, although I might argue that this prescription is best emphasized in its reverse order, pay attention, shut up, and when you can sit down doing just those things.
Seated meditation is undoubtedly important, but it can amount to little more than perseveration and rumination about, and mindfulness of, oneâs seemingly unique vantage and lot as somehow distinct and special from everything else- in other words a reification of the false self, rather than an embodiment of the True Self â even if they are the same side of the same coin (indistinguishable from the purse, or the pocket in which such things tend to find themselves) when push comes to shove.
Rinzai Zen teachers are rightly fond of noting that the central discipline of Zen is not in fact seated meditation, Â but rather the relationship to, and guiding dialectic with, a realized teacher. In other words, sanzen > zazen. And thereâs a lot of weight to this.
Zen isnât theory, but experience, itâs not hope but doubt, and itâs not even really practice but training- all of which point the way to reality: training our way through our outlandish presuppositions, doubting our arrival at some other shore (especially with deference for as long as there is any space for doubt at all), and experiencing what is, unmitigated by any preoccupations with what might otherwise be.
The balm of Buddhism is that amidst all of the seeming arising and falling of various forms and happenings (i.e. phenomena) , no-thing has ever happened.
Indraâs Net stretches from infinite expanse to infinite expanse, comprised of, holding, and yielding forth nothing but quantum soup, seemingly pulsating, in and out, up and down, light and dark, but having only itself has reference, container, and potential, moves in fact never even an iota, never darkening nor lightening, birthing nor receiving.
Again the Diamond Sutra recalls:
All things that have tangible characteristics are delusion.
If you see that all aspects are not tangible aspects,
then you will see your True Self.
The concept of pratityasamutpada (interdependent origination) is possessed of a certain gravity, that beckons it to the center of practice-imagination, if even only to subjugate it to the whims of our egoic fancies, which seek to shield us from a true experiential awareness of the reality, which is the only reality, to which this concept and teaching points.
Things inter-are, and inseparably so. There is no becoming apart from being. Tangible reality is tentative reality- one passing perspective amidst infinite multitudes of possibility, in which array no single perspective, possibility, or thing can actually be identified as distinct or real. Again the Diamond Sutra reminds us:
All compounded things are like a dream, a phantom, a bubble, or a reflection.
They are like dew or lightening. Thus should you view them.
And how do we view them thus?
With no other eyes,
than with those now perusing,
star dust incarnate:
black letters on a white page
the universe unfurled.