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본능 - instinct

본능에 따라 행동한다.

그건 타고난 본능이라고 하잖아.

그녀는 살아야겠다는 본능을 느꼈다.

■Credits to KoreanClass101 http://ow.ly/VTS230cDkgu

■Credits to JapanesePod101 http://ow.ly/uoFu30cDkin

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me: ok so we’ll work hard then?

Lesson Twelve: April Revolution (Pt. I)

Masterlist

Previous Lesson

안녕하세요 여러분! Today we will be discussing the April Revolution, a popular uprising by labor and student groups in April of 1960.

시작합시다!

Background

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Since 1948, South Korea had been under the leadership of 이승만. Now, the thing about 이슨만 was that he was an asshole who was not too fond of the idea of not being in power.

He was not making any developments to South Korea’s economy. The economy remained stagnant, poor, and agrarian and he also amended the constitution to prolong his position in power. The U.S. saw this and were like, “This dude’s crooked as hell,” and reduced their economic aid from $382,893,000 in 1957 to $222,204,000 in 1959. When the funding began to be reduced, 승만 felt shocked but he was also very threatened that he might be yeeted out of office. He then got desperate.

In December 1958 he forced through the National Assembly an amendment to the National Security Law giving the government broad new powers to curtail freedom of the press and prevent members of the opposition from voting.

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Election of 1960

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During the presidential election of 1960, two main parties were running against 승만. One was was small Progressive Party represented by 초봉암, and the other was the Democratic Party represented by 초병옥. Feeling threatened by the large amount of support 봉암 was getting, 승만 - doing what any sane person would do in this situation, accused him of being a communist and had him executed in 1959. 병옥 then, completely coincidentally without any foul play I’m sure, died of a heart-attack during a surgery he was getting in the U.S.

After the two competitors’ deaths, the South Korean people sensed something fishy was going on and came to the conclusion that some corrupt shenanigans were taking place.

Their suspicions were confirmed after a blatantly rigged vice presidential election and it was the feather that broke the camel’s back.

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마산 Protests

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On March 15, 1960, a protest regarding the electoral corruption took place in 마산. The protest was orchestrated by members of the Democratic Party and about 1,000 residents of 마산 gathered in front of the Democratic Party HQ around 7:30pm. What started as a protest soon turned into a full-fledged riot when they faced off against police trying to quell their protest and there was a city-wide black out. The police then started shooting protesters who responded by pelting them with rocks.

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김주열

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⚠️ TRIGGER WARNING: This part describes a pretty gruesome death. If that subject makes you uncomfortable, I highly recommend not continuing any further.

On April 11, a fisherman made a grim discovery in the 마산 harbor. It was the bludgeoned body of 김주열, a student at 마산 Commercial High School that had disappeared during the riots of March 15. After an autopsy was performed, they exused his death as a drowning. However, the people weren’t buying it. Some protesters forced their way into the hospital and found that 주열’s head had been split by a 20 centimeter-long tear-gas grenade. The grenade had penetrated from his eyes to the back of his head which indicated that an officer had shot it less that a 45 degree angle - which could be fatal if shot directly at someone.

승만 tried to cover up the incident and censor the news the best he could. However, it was too late. The Korean press had already reported the incident along with a picture of 주열’s body. The nation was shocked and the incident ignited a national movement against electoral corruption on April 19.

승만 then, as he does, claimed that the 마산 protests where orchestrated by communist agents. After an investigation by the National Assembly, they came to the conclusion that the shots fired towards the protesters where not to disperse the crowd - but to kill. It was also revealed that the order to kill the protesters came from 박종표, the Chief of Public security. He also gave the order to tie rocks on 주열’s body and throw him into the 마산 shore.

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Xと申します 「Ｘともうします」 ‘I am called… ’ When introducing yourself.

Xでございます “I am…” when stating your name to someone who already knows it. 

お疲れさまでした　「おつかれさまでした」 Thanks for your work (to superiors/coworkers)

ご苦労様でした　「ごくろうさまでした」 Thanks for your work (generally to subordinates or when you benefit from someones work)

お先に失礼します　「おさきにしつれいします」lit. ‘I am being rude for (leaving) before you’ said to those that are still working when you leave.

ご無沙汰しております。 「ごぶさたしております」 It’s been a while (since the last communication)

頂戴いたします　「ちょうだいいたします」　'I receive x,’ used when receiving someones business card, etc.

承知いたしました。　「しょうちいたします」 ‘Certainly’ when accepting someones request

いつもお世話になっております。　「いつもおせわになっております」 'Thank you for always taking care of me/us' 

ご迷惑をかけて申し訳ございません。「ごめいわくをかけてもうしわけありません」I am sorry for causing you trouble.

少々お待ちください 「しょうしょうおまちください」Please wait a moment.

그렇게 뻔한 건 말고 다른 걸 가져와 내게 제일 어울리게 더 멋져질 방법은 말고 멋대로 망쳐봐 내가 제일 나일 수 있게

그렇게 - so, like that, in that manner/way

뻔하다 - to be clear, to be obvious, to be evident, to be transparent

V + ~ㄴ/은 - turns descriptive verbs into adjectives

건 - contraction of 것은 (“thing” + topic particle)

말다 - to stop, to break off

V + ~고 - connective particle attached to verbs meaning “and” or “then” depending on context

다르다 - to be different

걸 - contraction of 것을 (“thing” + object particle)

가져오다 - to bring, to get, to cause, to produce, to lead to

~에게 - “to/toward” particle (내게 —> 나 + ~에게)

제일 - first, most, best

어울리다 - to suit, to mix with, to get along with, to match, to go with

V + ~게 - turns verbs into adverbs

더 - more, further, farther, another, again

멋지다 - to be wonderful, to be nice, to be splendid, to be lovely, to be fashionable, to be chic, to be stylish

V + ~질 - future tense “addition” of auxiliary verb 지다 (to become, to sink into, to set)

방법 - way, means, manner, method

~은/는 - topic particles

멋대로 - as one pleases

망치다 - to spoil, to ruin, to mess up, to screw up, to destroy, to botch

V + 보다 (to see, to watch, etc.) - used to say “to try to…” or to soften a command

~가/이 - subject particles

~이다 - to be

V + ~ㄹ/을 수 있다 - to be able to do

V + ~(으)게 - future tense verb pattern (can only be used in first person; add “~요” to make it more polite)

Translation: [Forget] basic things like that / Bring me something else, something that suits me best / [Forget] about whatever’ll make me [“trendier”] / [I’m throwing out all the rules] / So I’ll look most like me

날 걱정하는 척 날 가르치는 너 그만해도 돼 입만 아프니까 좀 차가운 이 말투 잘 어울리는 걸 난 너를 위해 바꾸지 않지

~을/를 - object particle

걱정하다 - to be worried, to be concerned, to be apprehensive, to feel uneasy, to be anxious

V + ~ㄴ/는 - used to turn verbs into direct modifiers

척 - pretense

가르치다 - to teach, to instruct, to tell, to show, to coach

그만하다 - to stop, to quit

~도 - also, too, even

되다 - to become, to be, to develop, to reach, to attain, to pass

입 - mouth, lips

~만 - only, just

아프다 - to hurt, to be painful, to be sore, to ache

~(으)니까 - because (of)…, typically used to provide a reason for an excuse being given (if not just being the excuse itself)

좀 - a little, some, a bit, few

차갑다 - to be cold, to be frigid, to be chilly

이 - this

말투 - one’s way of speaking

잘 - well

위하다 - to care for, to take care of

바꾸다 - to change, to switch, to turn, to alter, to trade, to replace

V + ~지 않다 - verb pattern used to turn verbs negative (ex.: 가지 않았어 - “didn’t go”)

~지 - casual/informal question ending (often used in rhetorical sense)

Translation: You act like you’re concerned for me, like you’re actually helping me / Just stop it already, your mouth is just gonna get tired / This cool way of speaking actually suits me pretty well / I won’t change myself for you

난 빛이 나 빛이 나 빛이 나 다 이리 와 여길 봐 나를 봐 또 신이 나 신이 나 신이 나 난 예쁘다 멋지다 미친 나

난 빛이 나 빛이 나 빛이 나 다 이리 와 여길 봐 나를 봐 또 신이 나 신이 나 신이 나 난 예쁘다 미친 나

빛 - light, gleam, ray, twinkle, glow, flash, shine

다 - all, entire, everybody/everything

이리 - here, this way

오다 - to come, to show up, to visit

여기 - here

보다 - to see, to look, to watch, to gaze, to spot, to witness, to set eyes on

또 - again, also, too, as well, once more, maybe, besides

신이 나다 - to be excited

예쁘다 - to be pretty, to be lovely, to be beautiful

미치다 - to be/go crazy

Translation: I’m shinin’ (x3) / Everyone come here, look here, look at me / Get excited again [and again and again] / I’m pretty, I’m cool, I’m “crazy” / I’m shinin’ (x3) / Everyone come here, look here, look at me / Get excited again [and again and again] / I’m beautiful, this “crazy” me

I love me I like it 내게 제일 어울릴 Lipstick I love me walk like me 하고 싶음 해봐

하다 - to do

V + ~고 싶다 - verb pattern used to say “to want to…”

V + ~ㅁ/음 - used to turn verbs into noun

Translation: I love me, I like it / This lipstick that fits me best / I love me, walk like me / Try it if you want

싫으면 말고 다른 델 알아봐 입맛에 맞을 수 있는 청순 섹시 귀엽다는 말도 그 말 하나론 날 표현할 수 없어

싫다 - to hate, to dislike

V + ~(으)면 - if, when

델 - somewhere

알아보다 - to investigate, to search, to look into, to check, to appreciate, to recognize

입맛 - appetite, one’s taste

~에 - location/time particle

맞다 - to be right, to coincide with

청순 - innocence, purity

섹시 - sexy

귀엽다 - to be cute, to be adorable, to be charming, to be sweet

말 - word, speech

그 - that

하나 - one (Native Korean number)

~(으)로 - means by which/method and/or direction particle (think: “toward,” “by,” or “for” depending on context)

표현하다 - to express, to show

V + ~ㄹ/을 수 없다 - to be unable to do…

Translation: If you don’t like it, [then too bad] / Go look somewhere else for something that better fits your taste / “Innocent,” “sexy,” and “cute” / Those words alone can’t [even begin to] express who I am

이건 어때 난 좀 별로 막 끼워 맞추지 마 그런 결론 평범한 멋들과는 달라 그래 나만큼은 내 식대로 쥐었다 폈다 바람대로 날아가

이건 - this thing (contraction of 이것은)

어때 - how (contraction of 어떻게)

별로 - especially, particularly (negative connotation)

막 - carelessly, recklessly, wildly, blindly, violently, severely, harshly

끼우다 - to insert, to put in

맞추다 - to set, to adjust, to tune, to assemble

V + ~지 마 - verb pattern used to give a negative command

그런 - such, like, that kind

결론 - conclusion

평범하다 - to be ordinary, to be common, to be plain

멋 - taste, style, cool

~들 - plural particle

~과/와 - “and” connective particles (attached to nouns, with ~과 being attached to syllables ending in 받침)

그래 - yes, no, okay, alright, well, fine

~만큼 - as much as, to the extent of

식대로 - one’s own way

쥐다 - to hold, to clasp, to clutch, to grip, to grasp, to seize

펴다 - to unfold, to spread out, to open, to stretch, to unfurl, to unroll

바람 - wind

~대로 - main/one way

날아가다 - to fly away/off, to be gone, to be blown away

Translation: “How’s this?” [I don’t really like it] / Don’t force your [narrow opinions] on me / This is different from the usual “cool” / Yeah, what I do with myself is my business / I can keep it, spread it, let it blow away on the wind

구두 NO 향수 NO 가방 NO 화장 NO 청순 NO 섹시 NO 애교 NO 착한 척

구두 - heels

향수 - perfume

가방 - bag, purse

화장 - make-up

애교 - personal charms/attractiveness, act of playing up one’s cuteness/charms

착하다 - to be good/good-natured, to be nice, to be cute

Translation: Heels? No. / Perfume? No. / Handbag? No. / Make-up? No. / Innocent? No. / Cute? No. / A “good girl”? No

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