Scientists have finally pinned down the mechanism behind cold- and menthol-sensing proteins
What do the feeling of an ice cube against your skin and the cool minty blast of toothpaste have in common? Both activate our body’s cold-sensing nerves. But until now, scientists hadn’t pinned down exactly how that happened at the level of individual proteins in our cells. David Julius, a structural biologist at the University of California, San Francisco, shared the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of a protein called TRPV1 that lets us feel the heat of chili peppers. Now, in a recent study published in Nature, he and his colleagues have taken a close look at a protein that let us feel the cool of menthol. Understanding this cold-sensing protein could one day lead to better therapies for cold hypersensitivity that often troubles people undergoing certain types of cancer chemotherapies. But the protein has been way trickier to handle than its heat-sensing cousin.
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