Elf Languages, Human Languages, Dwarf Languages, Ent languages, Ainur Languages, Orc Languages, Warg Languages, Thrush Languages, Black Speech

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And more parts coming soon

Human Languages

Adûnaic

A dialect of Haldorian, the Third House of the Edain, which is related to Bëorian and which of both are derived from Taliska

In the First Age it was influenced by Khuzdul, Avarin, and a bit of Sinadrin

Adûnaic was held in less regard than the Elven tongues, and therefore a lot of Edain spoke Quenya or Sindarin, even peasants

But as humans started to get jealous of Elvish immortality they slowly stopped using Quenya or Sindarin 

Ar-Adûnakhôr, 20th King of Númenor, forbade people from speaking elvish in his presence

Later on Ar-Gimilzôr, 23rd King of Númenor, outlawed the use of Elvish languages in Númenor

And although Ar-Gimilzôr’s son, Inziladûn, took a Quenya name, Tar-Palantir, and repealed the ban on the Elvish tongues his nephew, Pharazôn, seized power instead of his daughter, Míriel, continuing the oppression of Elvish languages in Númenor

With the downfall of Númenor also came the downfall of the Adûnaic language, but Nûmenórian sailors and colonists did end up using it as a lingua franca

Later on the language spread once again and was used from Eriador to Gondor and became the language now known as Westron which in the Third Aga basically became Middle-Earth’s equivalent of English

Dalish

Language spoken by the Men of Dale

related to both Rohirric and Westron

Dwarves of Erebor adopted this language when speaking to outsiders as in Dwarves’ culture it’s taboo to speak or teach Khuzdul, the Dwarves language, to outsiders

The writing system of Dalish is an old and simple form of Cirth, which was the writing system consisted of runes and it was originally intended for Sindarin

Drúadan

language of the Drúedain (a.k.a. Druath, Woses, Wild Men of the Woods) who were a race of wild humans and mostly kept away from the affairs of the rest of the world

the language is unrelated to the Westron and is actually said to have originated from Elvish even though the language has very guttural sounds

Dunlendish

languages of the Dunlendings (a.k.a. Gwathuirim) who lived in Dunland, which is close to Rohan, they were also very vicious and savage people

the language is Pre-Númenórean and is alike to Haladin from the First Age

At one point a dialect of Dunlendish was spoken by the Hobbits in Stoor-kind, but by the Third Age the Hobbits in the Shire had abandoned it and used Westron

Pre-Númenórean

is a bunch of dialects in Gondor that predate Númenórean settlement

derived from humans who were separated relatives of the House of Haleth as their members stayed in Eriador while the Edain went west during the First Age

the only Pre-Númenórean language that has survived to the Third Age is Dunlendish and Drúadan

Pre-Númenórean languages of the Ethir and Pelargir merged with Adûnaic to later form Westron

Rohirric

language spoken by the Rohirrim (a.k.a. the Horse-lords) of Rohan

Rohirric is derived from the language of the Éothéod, who were a race of Northmen living in the Vales of Anduin

Has also had influence on Hobbitish Westron as the Hobbits who lived in Anduin, and whose ancestors now live in the Shire, interacted with the Rohirrim people and therefore adopted some of their terms

Taliska

language spoken by the Edain of House of Bëor and House of Hador

the people of Bëor and Marach had different dialects when they met each other and the Marach descendants actually looked down on the Bëorian descendants as their dialect had Elvish influence

later on the language of the House of Bëor was basically extinct because they basically fully integrated Sindarin into their culture as well as most of the House was dead because of Dagor Bragollach

on the other hand the language of the House of Haldor survived to later then on be known as Adûnaic

Westron

language of the Dúnedain that later on in the Third Age became the Common Speech or lingua franca of Middle-Earth

came from Adûnaic, but was actually a creole (mashup of bunch of languages) language at first, when Númenóreans started to become spread their influence in the Second Age their language spread practically everywhere in the West

After the Downfall of Númenor most Faithful Númenóreans neglected their native tongue, Adûnaic, in favor of Elvish making the dialects and the Adûnaic language become chaotic and disheveled among their speakers, but later it had more of a melodic and softer tone because of this Elvish influence

Westron was adopted by Men and Hobbits who lived in or around Arnor and Gondor (Hobbitish itself is a dialect of Westron)

Because of this Dwarves also adopted Westron as a public language, as well as because of the spread of it some Elves and even Orcs started to speak it 

The Northmen also spoke Westron (ex.: Beorn, the skin-changer, and the Lake-men, descendants of the Men of Dale)

The Woses, Rohirrim, and the Dunlendings spoke Westron as a trade tongue when communicating with foreigners

Rohan under King Thengel, the 16th King of Rohan, adopted Westron in to their court rather than their native language, Rohirric

Hobbitish

the dialect of Westron spoken by the Hobbits in the Shire

the original language of the Hobbits is unknown as their origin is also unknown 

Nonetheless by the end of the Third Age Hobbitish had a lot of similarities to Rohirric because of the many times Hobbits and the Rohirric have crossed paths in the past

Fun fact in the Lord of the Rings books Merry points out these similarities as well as later on goes to write a book on the relationship between the two languages called: “Old Worlds and Names in the Shire”

Language of the Lossoth

language of the Lossoth (a.k.a. Snowmen) who are the ancestors of the people of Forodwaith

the Lossoth people and their language for the most part was secluded and away from Númenórean influence but the people suffered from Angmar (the kingdom founded north of the Misty Mountains by the Witch-King (a.k.a. Lord of Ring Wraiths))

they also feared the Witch-King believing he could control thaw and snow and retreated into the Cape of Forochel which is in the northern part of Middle-Earth

See, the Shire is RIGHT on the major trade route of the East Road, and because of their contact with traders and other travellers, the term became widely used in all of Middle-earth. The term did become a sort of reference for the smaller breeds of orcs, the type that Hobbits were actually more likely to see (aka the larger roving band led by Golfimbul that invaded the Shire). Hobbits never really encountered the larger breeds of orcs that were bred for war, so it was generally just accepted that the small orcs were “goblins”, whereas the bigger orcs were just, well, orcs.

Hobbitish: In The Lord of the Rings, a dialect of Westron (or Common Speech) belonging to hobbits settled in the Shire. It has many resemblances to the speech of Men of Anduin region, to which the people of Rohan were related. Tolkien revealed dialect differences in the style of English into which he 'translated' them. Ideally, some would have been represented in Old English.