[Image IDs: Image #1: Tweet from verified user Ihtesham Ali (@/ ihtesham2005) reading: A Stanford psychologist spent 4 years proving that the simple act of walking generates 60% more creative ideas than sitting, and the experiment she designed to kill every alternative explanation is one of the most decisive findings in modern psychology.
Her name is Marily Oppezzo.
Image #2: Text reading: Theoretically, we can eliminated several explanations for the results. First, the effect cannot be due to real-time competition between physical and mental activity for shared cognitive resources, although this does occur. For instance, one study showed a dual-task cost for 60-year-olds walking a difficult obstacle course while performing a word-recall task (Li et al., 2001). Here, when people sat down after walking, they continued to be more creative even though they no longer needed to attend to walking.
Second, the residual effects also block an embodied account, because when seated after walking, there were no longer moving legs to semantically prime cognition. Third, the causal pathway is likely to differ from mechanisms that translate exercise into global protective factors for cognition. Walking was selectively beneficial for divergent thinking, no convergent thinking. Finally, the effect is not due to the external flow of stimulation that normally occurs when walking. Walking on a treadmill facing a blank wall improved creativity.
How, then, might one explain the effect of walking? The explanation will eventually comprise a complex causal pathway that extends from the physical act of walking to physiological changes to the proximal cognitive processes. These studies eliminated alternatives but did not isolate mechanisms. Nevertheless, it may be use to consider each link in the chain with the results in hand.
Walking constitutes the first part of the casual chain. Is it walking per se, or would other forms of mild physical activity have similar elevating effects? Moreover, it may be the mind-freeing quality of engaging in a comfortable task (e.g., knitting), rather than exercise. A second issue is the manner of walking. We asked people to walk at their natural gait. When people walk outside their natural stride, it demands more cognitive control (Brisswalter, Durand, Delignieres, & Legros, 1995). Whether these mild attentional demands or more aerobic walking would detract is unknown. A third question considers the context of walking outdoors on a busy campus did not significantly increase appropriate novelty compared with walking indoors, although the more varied stimulation did appear to increase novelty. This suggests that walking may be effective in many locations that do not have acute distractions. The social context also needs investigation. Participants were encouraged to talk aloud to a friendly researcher. Will the effects generalize to solitary walks?
Leg movement and external stimulation were not direct causes of increased creativity, given the residual effects of walking when seated. This implicates biological mediators that may range from circulatory to chemical changes. Mood is also a possible mediator. Physical exercise is linked to mood enhancement (Rethorst, Wip-
Image #3: Twitter profile of Ihtesham Ali. Bio reads: investor, writer, educator and a dragon ball fan (dragon emoji). There is a link to theProHuman.ai
Image #4: Website for theProHuman.ai. Title: The Prohuman. Subtitle: Get AI tools and insights in minutes. Trusted by 700,000+ readers from Google, Amazon, Nvidia, Adobe, and OpenAi.
Image #5: Body text reading: That's 6 sales in 7 months. 29 all time. And the performance?
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