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MAY 04 / 23
do you look forward to journaling at the end of the day or are you boring ?
What do wea and ya po mean in chile?
โฆ
You know the question is moreย โwhat donโt they meanโ.
In Chile ya poย is pretty much just likeย โyupโ orย โsureโ. It shows up a lot after a bunch of different sentences. People just kind of put it on.
Oh man. weaย in Chile is likeย โthingโ orย โdudeโ.
It comes from weรณn/weonaย which is slightly vulgar in its origin since it probably comes from huevรณnย but weรณn/weonaย is just how you commonly call peopleย โdudeโ orย โgirl/chickโ
But it can have the meaning ofย โidiotโ orย โdumbassโ, like es un aweonaoย meansย โheโs an idiotโ and people also use andar con la weaย likeย โto not be feeling wellโ orย โto not feel quite rightโ
Chilean Spanish is more confusing for me personally because context is so important.
MASTERLIST OF KOREAN GRAMMAR/CONCEPTS
ALL BEGINNER SHOULD KNOWย
โ ๏ธI got this list from the "koreantopik" website. Not only that but each thing listed there, they have a lesson on it. Visit this website to find and have access to all those lessons๐
If you were on a mission to learn "all" of the beginner grammar in Korean I think this would help you A LOT. For my advice, I'd say break it down into sizeable chunks & take your time to learn each one thoroughly that way you don't have to re-visit it later.
FULL LIST:
1. Expressing Korean Alphabets, Numbers, Dates and Times in Korean
1.1ย Korean Alphabet: How to Read, Write, and Pronounce
1.2ย Numbers in Korean = Sino-Korean and Native-Korean
1.3ย Dates and Times in Korean = reading Year/Month/Date/Day & Hour/Minute
2. Expressing Tenses and Negation in Korean
2.1ย Present Tense in Korean = A/V/N-(์ค)ใ ๋๋ค or A/V-์/์ด์.
2.2ย Past and Past Perfect Tense in Korean = A/V-์/์์ด์ and A/V-์/์์์ด์.
2.3ย Future and Progressive Tense in Korean = V-(์ผ)ใน ๊ฑฐ์์ and V-๊ณ ์๋ค
2.4ย Negative Expressions in Korean = (1) ์๋๋ค, ์๋ค, ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ค; (2) V-์ง ์๋ค, ์ V; (3) ๋ชป V, V-์ง ๋ชปํ๋ค
3. How to Use Particles in Korean
3.1ย N-์/๋ vs ์ด/๊ฐ = 'topic marker' vs 'subject marker' in Korean
3.2ย ์/๋ฅผ and N์ = 'object particle' and 'possessive particle' in Korean
3.3ย N์/๊ณผ, N (์ด)๋, Nํ๊ณ = 'and' ~ listing particle in Korean
3.4ย N์, N์์ time & place particles in Korean = at/on (time), in/on/at/to (place)
3.5ย N์์ N๊น์ง, N๋ถํฐ N๊น์ง, N์๊ฒ/ํํ (์) grammar = fromโฆto, from..until, to/from N
3.6ย N๋, N๋ง, N๋ฐ์ particles = also/too, only/just, only/nothing but
3.7ย N(์ผ)๋ก, N์ฏค particles = to/by/using, about/around
3.8ย N(์ด)๋, N์ฒ๋ผ/ N๊ฐ์ด particles = or/no less than, like/same
3.9ย N๋ณด๋ค, N๋ง๋ค particles in Korean = more...than/-er...than, every/all
4. Expressing Listing and Contrast in Koreanย
4.1ย V-๊ณ , V-๊ฑฐ๋, V-์ง๋ง grammar = โandโ, โorโ, โbutโ in English
4.2ย A-ใด/์๋ฐ, N-์ธ๋ฐ, V-๋๋ฐ grammar = (1) 'but', (2) 'so/and' in English
5. Expressing Time Events in Koreanย
5.1ย N ์ ์/ํ์, V๊ธฐ ์ ์, V(์ผ)ใด ํ์ grammar = before/ago, after/later
5.2ย A/V-์/์ด์ grammar = (1) and/ (in order) to, (2) because (of)/ so thatโฆ
5.3 V-(์ผ)๋ฉด์ grammar = while/duringโฆ~actions occurs simultaneously
5.4ย V-๊ณ ๋์ grammar = and then, after doing ~express sequential events
5.5ย V-์๋ง์ grammar = as soon as, right after ~something occurs right after the end of an action or event
5.6ย V-(์ผ)ใด ์ง grammar = how long has been 'since' I did something
5.7ย N ๋, A/V-(์ผ)ใน ๋ grammar = when, during ~express the time when an action occurs or its duration
5.8ย N ์ค, V-๋ ์ค grammar = in the middle of N/V, currently doing
5.9ย N ๋์, V-๋ ๋์ grammar = during /for N, while V-ing
6. Expressing Ability in Korean
6.1ย V-(์ผ)ใน ์ ์๋ค/์๋ค grammar = can/ can't do V ~express possibility to do/ not do something
6.2ย V-(์ผ)ใน ์ค ์๋ค/๋ชจ๋ฅด๋ค grammar = know how to/ donโt know how to V
7. Expressing Demands, Permission, and Prohibition in Korean
7.1ย V-(์ผ)์ธ์ grammar = (1) honorific ending ~show respect, (2) making requests politely
7.2ย V-์ง ๋ง์ธ์ grammar = please donโt V~ requesting someone not to do something politely
7.3ย V-์/์ด์ผ ํ๋ค grammar = must, have to ~express necessity to do something
7.4ย V-์/์ด๋ ๋๋ค grammar = may, can I...? ~ask permission or approval for a behavior
7.5ย V-(์ผ)๋ฉด ์ ๋๋ค grammar = may not, not allowed ~express prohibition or limitation of an action
7.6ย A/V-์ง ์์๋ ๋๋ค (์ A/V-์/์ด๋ ๋๋ค) grammar = donโt have to ~express the unnecessary of a behavior
8. Expressing Hopes in Korean
8.1 V-๊ณ ์ถ๋ค = want to, prefer to ~express one's wish or hope
8.2 A/N/V-(์ผ)๋ฉด ์ข๊ฒ ๋ค grammar = hope, wish ~express desire, wish, or hope that has not been realized
9. Expressing Reasons and Causes in Korean
9.1 A/V-์/์ด์ grammar = (1) and/ (in order) to, (2) because (of)/ so thatโฆ
9.2 A/V-(์ผ)๋๊น grammar = (1) because/ since, (2) when/ do sth to discover
9.3 N/A/V-๊ธฐ ๋๋ฌธ์ grammar = because (of), since ~Express a reason or cause of a situation
10. Expressing Requests and Assisting in Korean
10.1 V-์/์ด ์ฃผ๋ค and V-์/์ด ์ฃผ์ธ์ grammar = assist / please do ~assisting someone or making a request to someone
10.2 V-์/์ด ์ค๊ฒ์, V-์/์ด ์ค๊น์? grammar = Shall I, Let me, I will ~attempt to help someone
11. Expressing Experiences in Korean
11.1 V-์/์ด ๋ณด๋ค grammar = try, have tried ~ tell or ask someone to try or experience something
11.2 V-(์ผ)ใด ์ ์ด ์๋ค, V-์/์ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์๋ค grammar = have done, have tried ~express the past experience
12. Expressing Suggestions and Asking Opinions in Korean
12.1 V-(์ผ)ใน๊น์? grammar = (1) shall we, why donโt weโฆ? (2) shall I, should Iโฆ?
12.2 V-ใ /์์๋ค grammar = letโs, shall we ~suggest someone doing something together
12.3 V-(์ผ)์๊ฒ ์ด์? grammar = would you like, why not...? ~politely suggesting or asking for preference
12.4 V-(์ผ)ใน๋์ grammar = (1) do you want to, how about? (2) be going to, will
13. Expressing Plans and Intentionsย in Korean
13.1 A/V-๊ฒ ์ด์ grammar = (1) will, plan to; (2) looks, sounds
13.2 V-(์ผ)ใน๊ฒ์ grammar = (I) will ~express intention or promise to do something
13.3ย V-(์ผ)ใน๋์ grammar = (1) do you want to, how about? (2) be going to, will
14. Expressing Purpose and Intention in Korean
14.1 V-(์ผ)๋ฌ ๊ฐ๋ค/์ค๋ค grammar = go/come (to somewhere) to do something
14.2 V-(์ผ)๋ ค๊ณ ํ๋ค grammar = plan to, intend to ~express intention or plan that has yet to be done
14.3 V-(์ผ)๋ ค๊ณ grammar = in order to, so that ~express intention or purpose to do something
14.4 N์/๋ฅผ ์ํด์, V-๊ธฐ ์ํด์ grammar = for (the sake of), (in order) to
14.5 V-๊ธฐ๋ก ํ๋ค grammar = decide to, promise to ~make a promise with oneself or someone
15. Expressing Suppositions and Conditions in Korean
15.1 A/V-(์ผ)๋ฉด grammar = if, when ~express a supposition or a condition about a fact ...
15.2 V-(์ผ)๋ ค๋ฉด grammar = if you want/ intend toโฆthen you shouldโฆ
15.3 N/A/V-์/์ด๋ grammar = even if, regardless of ~a situation occurs regardless of the previous action
16. Expressing Conjecture (or Guess) in Korean
16.1 A/V-๊ฒ ์ด์ grammar = (1) will, plan to; (2) looks, sounds
16.2 A/V-(์ผ)ใน๊น์? grammar = (3) do you think, I wonder if ~express a supposition of an action or state
16.3 A/V-(์ผ)ใน ๊ฑฐ์์ grammar = (2) I think ~express a supposition based on a direct basis
16.4 A-(์ผ)ใด ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค, V-๋ ๊ฒ ๊ฐ๋ค grammar = look like, seem, I think ~express a supposition based on subjective reasons
17. Expressing Suffix Changes in Parts of Speechย
17.1 A/V-์/๋/์ N grammar = N that A/V ~noun modifier
17.2 V-๊ธฐ grammar = V-ing in English ~turn a verb or a phrase into nouns
17.3 A-๊ฒ grammar = '...-ly' or 'in a ... manner' ~turn an adjective into an adverb
17.4 A-์/์ดํ๋ค grammar =~turn an adjective into a verb
18. Expressing State-of-Being in Korean
18.1 V-๊ณ ์๋ค (2) grammar = ~be wearing/taking off ~state of wearing/taking off something
18.2 V-์/์ด ์๋ค grammar = 'V-ed/-ing' ~express the continuing state of a completed action
18.3 A-์/์ด์ง๋ค = to get/become ~express a change over time
18.4 V-๊ฒ ๋๋ค grammar = became, came to, been decided ~express a change from one state to another
19. Confirming Information in Korean
19.1 -ใด/์/๋์ง + V grammar = V + who/what/where/how/when +clause
19.2 V-๋ ๋ฐ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋ค/๋ค๋ค grammar = take/ cost (time, money) to do something
19.3 A/V-์ง์? grammar = isn't / don't /..., right? ~to confirm information
20. Expressing Discovery, Surprise, and so on
20.1 -๋๊ตฐ์, -๋๊ตฌ๋, and -๊ตฐ grammar = I see that, I didn't realize that ~express surprise
20.2 N(์ด)๋ค์, A/V-๋ค์ grammar = really, certainly, wow ~ express surprise or agree with someone
20.3 A-(์ผ)ใด๊ฐ์? V-๋์? grammar = are/do you...?, Is it...?
20.4 A-(์ผ)ใด๋ฐ์, V-๋๋ฐ์ grammar = (1) well, (2) why/what, (3) wow, (4) set background information
21. Expressing Quotations in Korean
21.1 Direct quotations in Korean ๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ค, ํ๊ณ ํ๋ค = said/asked/written
21.2 Indirect quotation in Korean ๋ค๊ณ ํ๋ค = said ~citing of what someone said
21.3 Indirect quotation in Korean ๋๊ณ ํ๋ค = asked ~citing of what someone asked
21.4 Indirect quotation in Korean ์๋ ํ๋ค = suggested ~citing of what someone suggested
21.5 Indirect quotation in Korean ๋ผ๊ณ ํ๋ค = told ~citing of what someone requested
21.6 Indirect Quotations in Korean ๋์, ๋์, ์ฌ์, ๋ฌ์ = said, asked, told (casual form)
22. Irregular Conjugations and Common Connective Adverbs in Korean
22.1 Korean ใท, ใ , ใ -irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 1)
22.2 Korean ใ , ใ ก, ใน, ๋ฅด-irregular verbs and adjectives (Part 2)
22.3 Common connective Korean adverbs: ๊ทธ๋์, ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋, ๊ทธ๋ผ, ๊ทธ๋ฐ๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๋๋
List of MUST-KNOW Korean grammar
1. N์ ๋ํด(์) - about N
2. N(์ผ)๋ก ์ธํด(์) - as a result of N
3. N์๋ ๋ถ๊ตฌํ๊ณ - in spite of N
4. N์ ๋นํด(์) - compared to N
5. N์ ๋นํ๋ฉด - compared to N
6. N์ ๋ฐํด(์) - in contrast with N
7/9. N์ ๋ฐ๋ผ(์)(์ํด์)- in accordance with N
8. N์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด(์ํ๋ฉด) - according to N
10. N์/๊ณผ ๋ฌ๋ฆฌ - unlike N
Book Genres
โ Hi! Do you think you can post some book genres in Korean? For example, how would you say to a friend that youโre reading a book that contains science fiction or a dramatic book?โ
Best-seller ๋ฒ ์คํธ์ ๋ฌ Series ์๋ฆฌ์ฆ (EX: โGoosebump ์๋ฆฌ์ฆโ) Art Book ํ๋ณด์ง/๋ฏธ์ ์ Autobiography ์์์ Biography ์ ๊ธฐ Comic Book ๋งํ์ฑ Cook Book ์๋ฆฌ์ฑ /์กฐ๋ฆฌ์ Coloring Book ย ์น ํ๊ธฐ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ฑ Detective (Mystery) ์ถ๋ฆฌ ์์ค Educational Book ย ๊ต๊ณผ์ Historical Book ์ญ์ฌ(์) Fantasy ํ์ Fiction ์์ค Horror ๊ณตํฌ ์์ค Language Study Book ์ดํ ๊ต์ฌ Memorandum (โMemoโ) Book ๋น๋ง๋ก Auxiliary Book ๋ณด์กฐ๋ถ Mystery ๋ฏธ์คํ ๋ฆฌ ์ฑ Nonfiction ๋ ผํฝ์ , ์คํ Poetry Book ์์ง Poetry ย ์ Science fiction - ๊ณต์ ๊ณผํ - but you can also just say SF like you do in English Self-Help Book ์์ต์, ์๋ฆฝ ์๋ด์.
A Korean language as a foreign language learning book ์ธ๊ตญ์ด๋ก์์ ํ๊ตญ์ด ๊ต์ฌ Korean grammar book ํ๊ตญ์ด ๊ต์ก ๋ฌธ๋ฒ์ Conversation book ํํ ๊ต์ก๊ต์ฌ

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Word of the day: ๋น
= per, each.
์๋ฌธ
ํ ์ฌ๋๋น ์ข ์ด ํ ์ฅ์ด์์. It's one paper per person.
๋ฐฉ๊ฐ์ย 1์ธ๋นย 1๋ฐ์ย 50์ ๋ก๋ค. The room is 50 euros per room, per night.
๋์ดย ์๊ฐ๋นย 4์ผํฐ๋ฏธํฐย ์ ๋๋กย ๋ด๋ ธ๋ค. The snow fell at a rate of 4 centimeters per hour.
๊ทธ๋ ๋ค๊ณ A-(์ผ)ใด/V-๋ ๊ฒ์ ์๋๋ค
โ expression that can be translated as: โBut that doesnโt mean A/Vโ
Example:
1. ์ํ์ ์ ๋ชป ๋ดค์ด์. ๊ทธ๋ ๋ค๊ณ ๊ณต๋ถ๋ฅผ ์ ํ ๊ฒ์ ์๋์์. I failed the exam. But that doesnโt mean I didnโt study.
2. ํ๊ตญ์์ ์ค๋ ์ด์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ ๋ค๊ณ ๋งค์ด ํ๊ตญ ์์์ ์ ๋จน๋ ๊ฒ์ ์๋๋๋ค. I lived in Korea for a long time. But that doesnโt mean I can eat spicy Korean food.
3. ์์ฅ์ ์ท์ ์์ด์. ๊ทธ๋ ๋ค๊ณ ๊ฐ๊ฒฉ์ด ์ผ ๊ฑด ์๋์์. I brought clothes in the market. But that doesnโt mean it is cheep.
4. ๊ทธ ์ ์ ์ธ์ ํด์. ๊ทธ๋ ๋ค๊ณ ๋ด ์ฃผ์ฅ์ด ํ๋ ธ๋ค๋ ๊ฑด ์๋์์. I concede your point, but that doesn't disprove my argument.
5. ์ง๊ธ ๋์ด ์์ด์. ๊ทธ๋ ๋ค๊ณ ๋ถํํ ๊ฑด ์๋์์. I donโt have money, but that doesnโt mean I'm unhappy.
1. ๋ง์์ด ๋ฐ๋ปํ๋ค to be warm-hearted
2. ๋ง์์ด ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ค to have an upright heart
3. ๋ง์์ด ์ข๋ค to be narrow-minded
4. ๋ง์์ด ๋๋ค to be big-hearted
5. ๋ง์์ด ์ฝํ๋ค to be soft-hearted
6. ๋ง์์ด ๋ฌด๊ฒ๋ค to have a heavy mind
7. ๋ง์์ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋ค to trouble one's mind
8. ๋ง์์ ํฐ๋๋ค to open oneself up (to)
9. ๋ง์์ ์ด๋ค to open one's mind
10. ๋ง์์ด ํตํ๋ค to be on the same page
11. ๋ง์์ด ๋ง๋ค to be of one mind
12. ๋ง์์ ์กธ์ด๋ค to be nervous
13. ๋ง์์ด ๋์ด๋ค to feel easy (about)
14. ๋ง์์ ์์ ์ํค๋ค to calm oneself
15. ๋ง์์ด ์ธ์ ํ๋ค to be gloomy
16. ๋ง์์ด ๊ตด๋ ๊ฐ๋ค to want very much
17. ๋ง์์ ์ง์ ๋๋ค to take a load off one's mind
18. ๋ง์์ ์ํ๊ฒ ํ๋ค to hurt one's feelings
19. ๋ง์์ด ๋ค๋จ๋ค to feel excited
20. ๋ง์์ด ํ๋ฆฌ๋ค to thaw (toward a person)
21. ๋ง์์ ํ๋ค to get rid of anger
22. ๋ง์์ ์ ํ๋ค to make up one's mind
23. ๋ง์์ ๋๋ฆฌ๋ค to change oneโs thoughts
24. ๋ง์์ ๋จน๋ค to put oneโs heart into
25. ๋ง์์ ๋ถ์ด๋ค to attach one's mind
26. ๋ง์์ ์ฌ๋ค to draw someone's attention
27. ๋ง์์ ๋๋ค to put something in one's mind
28. ๋ง์์ ์๋ค to be in one's mind
29. ๋ง์์ ์ฐจ๋ค to be satisfied
30. ๋ง์ ๊ฐ์์๋ if it's like my mind
31. ๋ง์์ ์ค๋น preparation in oneโs mind
โ ๋๋ ๋ง์์ ๋๊ณ ์๋ ์ฌ๋์ด ์๋ค - I have someone in mind.
โ ๊ทธ๋ ๋ง์์ด ์ฝํด์ ๋ถํ์ ๊ฑฐ์ ํ์ง ๋ชปํ๋ค - He's got a soft heart and can't say no when people ask him to do something.
โ ๋ง์์ด ํธํด์ผ ๋ชธ๋ ํธํ๋ค - A sound mind makes a healthy body.
โ ์ ์๋์ ๋ง์์ด ์ ๋ง ๋ง์์ ์ ๋ฟ์๋ค - The teacher's talk really touched my heart.
โ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ฐ ์๊พธ๋ง ๋ง์์ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ๋ค - I keep thinking about the problem.
โ ์ํ์ ๋จ์ด์ง๊น ๋ด ๋ง์์ ์กธ์๋ค - I was anxious about whether or not I failed the exam.
โ ๋ค ๋ง์์ ์ํ๊ฒ ํ๋ ค๊ณ ํ ๊ฒ์ ์๋๋ค - I didn't mean to hurt your feelings.
โ ๋ง์ ํธํ ๊ฐ์ง์ธ์ - Try to relax.
โ ์ด์ ๋ง์์ด ํ๊ฒฐ ๊ฐ๋ณ๋ค - I'm so relieved now.
โ ๋ง์๋ง ๋จน์ผ๋ฉด ๋ชป ํ ๊ฒ์ด ์๋ค - If I put my heart into it, there's nothing I can't do.
โ ์ค๋์ ์ผํ ๋ง์์ด ๋์ง ์๋๋ค - I don't feel like working today.
๊ฐ์ด heart, chest
๋ชป์ ๋ฐ๋ค to hammer in a nail
โ ๊ณ ์ ํด์ ํค์์ฃผ์ ์ด๋จธ๋์ ๊ฐ์ด์ ๋ชป ๋ฐ๋ ๋ง์ ํด์๋ ์ ๋๋ค.
โ ํฌ๋ง๊ณ ๋ฌธ์ ํ๋ค to give false hope

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โ ์ฐ๋ฝํ๋๋ฐ ์๋ต์ด ์์ ๋.
์ฐ๋ฝ -> ์ ํ/๋ฌธ์ call/message
์น๋ค -> ๋ฌด์ํ๋ค to ignore
Hello, Iโm just wondering if ~์ด๋ผ๋ is a grammar point or if itโs only a colloquial thing?
Hi there! Itโs more grammar than it is colloquial, however, itโs used pretty casually! The ending -(์ด)๋ผ๋ is attached to nouns that the speaker focuses on in the specific sentence. From my understanding, you use -(์ด)๋ผ๋ when youโre:
surprised
angry
disappointed
embarrassed
worry
-์ด๋ผ๋ - attached to consonants-๋ผ๋ - attached to vowels
Some Examples:
[Worry]
์ ๋ฆผ: ํฐ์ผ๋ฌ์ด - Iโm in big troubleํฌ์ฃผ: ๋ฌด์จ์ผ์ด์ผ? ํฐ์ผ์ด๋ผ๋?? - whatโs going on? whatโs the problem??
[Dissapointment]
ํฌ์ฃผ:ย ์ฌํ์ ๋ฌผ์ ๊ธฐ๋ํ๋๋ฐ ๊ณ ์ ์ฌ์จ๊ฒ ์ด์ ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ ํ๋๋ผ๋โฆ - I was excited to get a souvenir, but all I got was a keychainโฆ
[Surprise]
ํฌ์ฃผ: ๋ญ์ผ? ์ด๊ฒ ์๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๋! - what? this is a plant!
For verbs and adjectives, you use โ-๋ค๋โ:
๋ง์๋ค๋โฆ - Itโs deliciousโฆ
๋์๊ด์ด ์ ์๋๋ฝ๋ค๋? - why is the library noisy?
I hope I conveyed the proper emotion through my examples! If you still need help, donโt hesitate to shoot me a message so I can clear up the confusion! Happy Learning :)
~ SK101