The Camouflaged Looper: these caterpillars fashion their own camouflage by collecting flower petals/vegetation and using silk to "glue" the pieces onto their bodies
Though they're often referred to as "camouflaged loopers," these caterpillars are the larvae of the wavy-lined emerald moth (Synchlora aerata).
Camouflaged loopers deploy a unique form of self-defense -- they snip off tiny pieces of the flowers upon which they feed, then use bits of silk to attach the vegetation to their backs. This provides them with a kind of camouflage, enabling them to blend in with the plants that they eat.
Some of them create little tufts that run along their backs, while others fashion a thicker camouflage that covers their backs completely. In some cases, the camouflaged loopers will even build much larger bundles that surround their entire bodies.
Their range includes most of North America (from southern Canada down through Texas) and they can feed upon an enormous variety of plants -- so the disguises that these caterpillars build can come in countless colors, shapes, and sizes, incorporating many different flowers and other bits of vegetation.
And this is what the fully-developed moth looks like:
Sources & More Info:
Loudoun Wildlife Conservancy: Wavy-Lined Emerald, Master of Disguise
Maryland Biodiversity Project: Wavy-Lined Emerald Moth (Synchlora aerata)
The Caterpillar Lab: Camouflaged Looper
University of Alberta Museums: Synchlora aerata
Missouri Department of Conservation: Wavy-Lined Emerald
Nebraskaland Magazine: The Amazing Camouflaged Looper
Lake County Forest Preserves: Camouflage Revealed
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