Life between the heavens and earth resembles the passing of a white colt glimpsed through a crack in the wallâwhoosh, and then itâs gone. Overflowing, starting forth, there is nothing that does not come out; gliding away, slipping into silence, there is nothing that does not go back in. Having been transformed (hua), things find themselves alive; another transformation and they are dead. Living things grieve over it, and humanity mourns. But it is like the untying of a Heaven-lent bow-bag, the unloading of a Heaven-lent satchelâa yielding, a mild mutation, and the hun and po are on their way, the body following after, on at last to the Great Return. (Zhuangzi, Chapter 22; adapted from Watson 1968: 240)
From this perspective, the person consists of one hun and one po, though in the later Daoist tradition these are sometimes three and seven in number, respectively (see below). The former is conventionally translated as âcloudâ or âethereal soul,â while the latter is conventionally rendered as âwhiteâ or âcorporeal soul.â The use of âsoulâ is misleading, as it implies something substantial and eternal.