I know you're not a powerscaler, but how do you imagine a fight between Sukuna and Takaba would go? I don't really trust the fandom's depiction of a potential match between them, so yeah. You're the person I trust to characterise them both right
it’s been a while since I’ve read shinjuku showdown, but I’ll try my best to answer your question (and for the sake of this post, I’m going to assume that you don’t mean megukuna here, because a sukuna that can command mahoraga is pretty much set to win once it has fully adapted to the technique).
now takaba is a character that was specifically written for kenjaku as the latter with their playful nature was always supposed to be defeated by a comedian character, hence it is a bit unusual to imagine what could have been if he had faced someone else instead lol.
as we know “comedian” is an incredibly strong cursed technique not only due to its reality altering ability which changes the environment and enforces a soul resonance onto his opponents, but bc it is canonically powerful enough to target kenny (with their centuries old jujutsu knowledge) AND gojo (who possesses infinity and the six eyes). so suffice to say, that it likely would work on sukuna too.
based on angel’s assumption that it might stop working if takaba learns its exact mechanics, it’s very reminiscent to haruta’s technique (the blond ponytail guy that messed with megumi in shibuya) but a lot stronger. so jujutsu society is pretty lucky that takaba is a good guy with a rather harmless kind of humor lol.
anyway, not only does his CT render strong techniques such as cursed spirit manipulation essentially meaningless, but the soul resonance gradually envelopes his opponent’s mind and alters it according to his own personality. plus the damage inflicted by his little scenarios is very much real to the sorcerer which is why kenny sets to break free of “comedian” by first attacking takaba’s self esteem and then playing along.
obviously, sukuna neither cares for comedy sketches nor for takaba’s kind of humor in the same way kenjaku does, but he does have his own sense humor, arguably a more dark one. similar to kenny, he is also a quick witted, top tier jujutsu sorcerer. plus he’s very adaptable, so he would figure out “comedian’s” mechanics rather quickly and maybe entertain it a bit.
people say that kenny wasn’t able to break him through fear, but we have to remember that sukuna canonically is way more threatening and frightening than the former to the point even special grade cursed spirits and powerful sorcerers panic and surrender from his sheer malevolent aura (no pun intended).
that’s why sukuna would try destroying his conviction and self esteem in a similar cruel way he does to other people. or he could also just tell takaba the workings of his own CT to make it useless lmao (bc angel explicitly warned JJT sorcerers to not do that). due to WCS, a short moment of self doubt and inaction could mean certain death with sukuna.
however, that doesn’t mean that takaba would be completely at sukuna’s mercy, because he does have conviction enough in his art to not give up that easily, which is why kenny ultimately had to “satisfy” his desire for comedy to win the fight. eventually, id say there would be no real conclusion to a battle between them. It would probably depend on what the narrative tries to accomplish (meaning that if takaba is supposed to die against sukuna, he’d eventually break and if he is meant to distract and overwhelm sukuna in the same way he did to kenny, then that would work too).