bee | he/they 🏳️🌈 🏳️⚧️ | mid 20s | ecology enthusiast 🌿 | currently very into fantasy high (as well as city council of darkness), but I also love acd sherlock holmes, x files, star trek tos, dungeon meshi, moomin, and all sorts of other stuff! same username on ao3
if you blog about h*rry p*tter your ass is getting blocked on sight! it's 2026 learn to behave
edit: also PLEASE don't ever mention taylor swift on any of my posts ever im not gonna block you for it but I hate her and I dont want to hear about her ever please and thank you
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Every once in a while, I wish the friendship meter from the Sims was real so that way when people tell me "I used Chat-GPT" they can visually see just how much respect I just lost for them in that moment.
One time an acquaintance told me she entered Snape's star chart into chatgpt and I could physically feel that meter dropping three separate times over the course of her sentence
@caesarsaladinn I had a whole discussion with a history major who was extremely confident that smallpox is a “common childhood illness” with a very low death rate. Therefore, she believed that historical smallpox outbreaks were either massively exaggerated or used as a cover-up for something else (since “smallpox isn’t that bad.”) I eventually asked if she was possibly confusing smallpox with chickenpox, at which point she said, “aren’t they the same thing?”
One of the less deadly variants of smallpox was called cowpox, and the fact that dairy maids who contracted it tended to avoid the worst affects of smallpox is part of the development of vaccination
Cowpox is actually a separate (but very similar!) virus!
There's a lot of confusion about different "poxes" in this post (which wasn't my intention, and now I feel bad), so here's a general overview (also, obligatory apology for messiness, this was written at like 1 AM):
Smallpox:
Smallpox, caused by variola virus, was a massive problem historically. It existed in the Western hemisphere for thousands of years (genetic evidence of smallpox has been found in Egyptian mummies from ≈1500 BCE, but it was probably around long before then), and it was introduced to the New World during the Columbian exchange, which had devastating consequences for indigenous populations (which were already suffering from colonialist violence, which made epidemics much worse than they already would've been). Historically, smallpox had a case fatality rate between 30-50%, and survivors were often left disfigured or permanently disabled (you've probably seen pictures of smallpox scars, but smallpox can also cause blindness and other complications). Importantly, smallpox only affects humans—it has no animal hosts—which is why it's one of the few infectious diseases to have been completely eradicated. As of May 8, 1980, it officially no longer exists outside of certain designated American and Russian laboratories. (There are, however, concerns that it could be used as a bioweapon, which is why the government still stockpiles smallpox vaccines and antivirals. I wrote my bioethics term paper on this exact issue, and incidentally, it's one of the major reasons why I believe that STEM majors should take ethics courses!)
There were two strains of variola virus: variola major and variola minor. Variola major was much more dangerous, with a much higher mortality rate; variola minor typically didn't cause severe disease. Fortunately, infection with one strain conferred immunity against the other. Both strains are now eradicated. (People sometimes confuse variola minor with other viruses like cowpox and horsepox, but they're different things.)
There were four clinical forms of smallpox: ordinary (classic smallpox, associated with the rash you usually see in pictures), modified (less severe, often occurred in vaccinated people who got infected anyway), malignant (caused a flat rash instead of the usual pustules, associated with immune dysfunction, almost always fatal), and hemorrhagic (caused severe bleeding, and also near-universally fatal.) All of the non-ordinary forms could be difficult to diagnose because they looked so different from typical smallpox. The less serious "modified" form was often confused with chickenpox, and the hemorrhagic form was sometimes assumed to be a completely different disease. Occasionally, historical sources will refer to hemorrhagic smallpox as "black pox," with or without an understanding that it's caused by the same virus as ordinary smallpox.
Other relevant viruses:
Cowpox, caused by cowpox virus (an orthopoxvirus similar to smallpox) causes mild disease in cows, humans, and several other animals. Infection with cowpox virus confers immunity to variola—Edward Jenner noticed this relationship and used material from cowpox lesions to inoculate people against smallpox.
Vaccinia virus, another orthopoxvirus, is the source of the modern smallpox vaccine. It's closely related to both cowpox and horsepox (weirdly, it's actually closer to horsepox), but it's distinct enough to be its own species. Infection usually causes mild symptoms, and, of course, confers immunity to smallpox.
Chickenpox is an entirely different thing. It's caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is a herpesvirus, not a poxvirus at all! Infection with varicella-zoster does not confer immunity to smallpox or any other poxvirus—chickenpox is from a totally different family.
So why are the names so weird and confusing? Why is everything about all of this so weird and confusing?
There are multiple reasons for this, so bear with me.
Historically, a "pox" was any disease that caused a bumpy rash of pustles/blisters. Chickenpox, smallpox, and the other "poxes" all cause superficially similar rashes—thus the similar names. (Even though we know now that chickenpox comes from a completely different family, this wouldn't have been apparent before the dawn of modern medicine.)
Smallpox was given that name to differentiate it from syphilis, which was known as the "great pox" when it first appeared in Europe. (Fun[?] microbiology fact: There are debates about the origins of syphilis, but the most common theory holds that it originated in the New World, and Christopher Columbus brought it back to Spain. In that way, it's kind of the inverse of smallpox.) Historically, smallpox was also known by a variety of other names in different European, Asian, and African cultures. Again, this gets murky, because historical physicians sometimes struggled to distinguish between similar-looking-but-different diseases.
Other poxviruses are often named after the animals in which they were first identified. This is not a hard-and-fast rule, though, and it can sometimes be misleading (for example, monkeypox virus was first discovered in laboratory monkeys, but it more often affects rodents and other small mammals. The disease formerly known as "monkeypox" was recently renamed "mpox" because the name wasn't accurate.) Also, some poxviruses aren't named after animals at all! It's a weird and inconsistent system (but a lot of virus names are kinda weird and inconsistent).
Related to the above: We don't even know where the name "chickenpox" comes from. I mean, we know it was called a "pox" because it causes a pox-y rash, but we don't know where the "chicken" part originated. There are multiple theories about this, none of which are definitive. The disease itself has nothing to do with chickens.
Basically, a lot of the weirdness is a result of historical naming practices—people identified and named these diseases before modern virology existed, and those names stuck, so now we have similar names for superficially-similar-but-ultimately-different viruses, and names whose origins have been completely lost to time. Later, virologists muddied the waters further by naming newly-discovered poxviruses after the animals in which they were first seen, even when these animals aren't natural hosts or reservoirs of those viruses. It's a mess! And, again, all of this is complicated by the fact that some of these diseases were very hard to diagnose (or distinguish from one another) before modern medicine existed. Now, we can sequence viral DNA and figure out what's actually going on—which viruses caused which symptoms, whether those viruses were closely related, and whether being infected with one disease conferred immunity to another—but historical doctors and scientists didn't have those tools, so they were doing they best they could with very limited information, and that led to a lot of weirdness in terms of how these viruses were named and classified. Our current system inherited some of that weirdness, so here we are.
TL;DR: Poxvirus names are messy. Smallpox is caused by variola virus, which has two strains: variola major (the more severe one) and variola minor (less severe). Cowpox and vaccinia are different viruses in the same family, and being infected with one of them confers immunity to smallpox. Chickenpox isn't a poxvirus at all, but a herpesvirus—it just happens to cause a pockmark-y rash that looks superficially similar to smallpox pustules (and mild forms of smallpox were historically confused with chickenpox).
(P.S. none of this is super relevant to the average person, so don't feel bad if you didn't know any of it. Unless you are a history major inventing new conspiracies about smallpox, in which case you definitely should feel bad.)
Sources & further reading under the cut!
Edward Jenner and the history of smallpox and vaccination
The History of Smallpox (CDC)
The Triumph of Science: The Incredible Story of Smallpox Eradication
Scientific Background on Smallpox and Smallpox Vaccination (from Scientific and Policy Considerations in Developing Smallpox Vaccination Options: A Workshop Report) <- this article is like 20 years old, but it has some interesting information about the clinical forms of smallpox and how difficult they would be to diagnose accurately
Phasing out monkeypox: mpox is the new name for an old disease <- discusses the renaming of monkeypox to mpox, also mentions issues with other poxvirus names and virus names in general
Poxes great and small: The stories behind their names
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I know we don't quite know all the bad kids birthdays, but we know that
-Fabian is the oldest, birthday is at the end of May the year before everyone else's
-Adaine and... Kristen? Or is it Fig? have theirs over the summer (although whether they're a bit older or much younger than Riz and Gorgug is unclear)
-Riz and Gorgug both have theirs the first week of October. I like to headcanon that Riz is 2 or 3 days older than Gorgug and likes to do that "when I was your age---" *says what he did 2 or 3 days ago*
-I've heard Fig's might be on Christmas?? but they don't have Christmas so idk if it's moonar yulenear or maybe it's just December 25th and if that /is/ moonar yulenear or if it's a regular date idk. but we don't know if she's the youngest or if she was born the year before!!
ANYWAY I like the idea of most of them being older and Riz and Gorgug being the youngest and for a few months before and going into junior year they keep running into issues being under 18 (maybe they visit Bastion City before or while Ragh is moving and Gorgug wants a tattoo or piercing but they say he isn't old enough without having a parent there and he's either PISSED or SUPER EMBARASSED. would also be funny if it stopped them from investigating like an 18+ club or something snd Riz could obviously sneak in but Gorgug is six and a half feet tall just pouting outside on the sidewalk next to the bouncer lmao
Also I headcanon Ragh's birthday to be in November (for no particular reason) but I can't decide if I want him to be just about 6 months older than Fabian or if he had to repeat a grade and he's actually a year and a half older (making him nearly 3 years older than Gorgug)
I can't remember if the drinking age in Solace is 18 or 21 but I swear they've touched on it (i think in the boys night episode? I feel like it has to be 21 or else Ragh could've bought the alcohol). anyway I love the idea of Ragh being older and turning 21 a little bit into their senior year and they keep bothering him to stop buy on the weekends to get the alcohol for their parties lmao
wait does this mean Riz and Gorgug are both canonically new years babies?? and if Ragh is born in November he'd be a Valentine's baby (assuming thst holiday exists in-world) omg
I know we don't quite know all the bad kids birthdays, but we know that
-Fabian is the oldest, birthday is at the end of May the year before everyone else's
-Adaine and... Kristen? Or is it Fig? have theirs over the summer (although whether they're a bit older or much younger than Riz and Gorgug is unclear)
-Riz and Gorgug both have theirs the first week of October. I like to headcanon that Riz is 2 or 3 days older than Gorgug and likes to do that "when I was your age---" *says what he did 2 or 3 days ago*
-I've heard Fig's might be on Christmas?? but they don't have Christmas so idk if it's moonar yulenear or maybe it's just December 25th and if that /is/ moonar yulenear or if it's a regular date idk. but we don't know if she's the youngest or if she was born the year before!!
ANYWAY I like the idea of most of them being older and Riz and Gorgug being the youngest and for a few months before and going into junior year they keep running into issues being under 18 (maybe they visit Bastion City before or while Ragh is moving and Gorgug wants a tattoo or piercing but they say he isn't old enough without having a parent there and he's either PISSED or SUPER EMBARASSED. would also be funny if it stopped them from investigating like an 18+ club or something snd Riz could obviously sneak in but Gorgug is six and a half feet tall just pouting outside on the sidewalk next to the bouncer lmao
Also I headcanon Ragh's birthday to be in November (for no particular reason) but I can't decide if I want him to be just about 6 months older than Fabian or if he had to repeat a grade and he's actually a year and a half older (making him nearly 3 years older than Gorgug)
I can't remember if the drinking age in Solace is 18 or 21 but I swear they've touched on it (i think in the boys night episode? I feel like it has to be 21 or else Ragh could've bought the alcohol). anyway I love the idea of Ragh being older and turning 21 a little bit into their senior year and they keep bothering him to stop buy on the weekends to get the alcohol for their parties lmao
also I am a big fan of the idea that orcs rub their tusks on people's temples or jaws as a social bonding thing, and the first time Ragh did it to Gorgug he just froze looking like this 😳. Like full deer in headlights, brain shut down expression. And then immediately after rebooting he starts nudging against Ragh's face like "more? 🥺". Ragh starts making it a habit after that.
(Gorgug also has a phase where he's rubbing his tusks on EVERYONE he cares about, constantly. Ragh, obviously, but also Zelda, his party, his parents, bloodrush teammates, other friends like Max Durden. He calms down after a bit and starts only doing it as a greeting or occasionally as a comfort thing when he or one of the Bad Kids is upset, but he never quite gets out of the habit of nuzzling up to Ragh at any given opportunity.)
(Also in terms of who I think is/was most to least appreciative of the nuzzling:
Ragh (obviously)
Both sets of Gorgug's parents
Fig (frequently tries to reciprocate, has had to be stopped at least twice bc she was drunk and almost took out Gorgug's eye with her horns)
Lydia (obviously Ragh was the only one who did it with her for a while, and as an elder family member SHE'S usually the one doing the nuzzling. But she was extremely delighted when Gorgug (and later Fabian) first leaned down to be nuzzled)
Zelda (unfortunately got embarrassed whenever Gorgug started nuzzling and did that "Nooo, what are you doing, stoppit 🥰 don't actually stop tho" thing some people do. But Gorgug took it seriously and stopped, and it was close enough to them breaking up that they never actually talked about it.)
Kristen (also frequently tries to reciprocate, much more successfully)
Gorthalax
Jawbone
Sandra Lynn (after she and Jawbone start dating Lydia)
Tracker (when Ragh does it. That's her bestie)
Fabian (appreciates the affection, would be higher on this list if it weren't for the fact that he's super touch starved and having Gorgug (and Ragh) nuzzle his face like that makes him feel like he's dying. It's a lot, okay? He needs some time to adjust)
Adaine (also appreciates the affection, but just isn't a huge fan of someone rubbing their face on her face. She prefers hugs.)
Tracker (when Gorgug does it. She doesn't hate it, it's just a neutral act to her, like saying good morning as a greeting)
Sandra Lynn (before starting to date Lydia)
Riz (has been fully knocked over by Gorgug or Ragh doing it too enthusiastically while drunk one too many times. Still has been known to climb up their shoulders for a nuzzle on occasion)
Sklonda (will accept it, does not initiate)
(Forgot to add) Ayda (finds it somewhat offputting, will nonetheless allow a short nuzzle at her jaw if she hasn't seen Gorgug or Ragh in a while. Has firmly forbidden any nuzzling of her temple due to the fact that her hair is made of fire)
Gilear (it happened exactly once, he sincerely hopes it never does again he tripped and landed in a puddle of motor oil, completely ruining his only nice pants)
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what if orpheus was butch and she unclipped her carabiner and held it out behind her and then eurydice clipped it onto her belt loop and then orpheus didnt have to look back because she could hear eurydice jingle jangling behind her. follow me for more dyke solutions to famous tragic literature
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