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hmm.. that's still doesn't solve the cornet, alto- or baritone horn naming problems. but it feels like progress so I'll leave it there. and Wagner tubas should just be called bass horns

thanks for enjoying my opinions!

cornets are more conical than trumpets, but less conical than flugelhorns. likewise, baritone horns are more conical than trombones and bass trumpets, but less conical than euphoniums

tubas (most conical): flugelhorn → soprano tuba, euphonium → tenor tuba cornets (intermediate conical): standard cornet → soprano cornet, alto horn → alto cornet, baritone horn → tenor cornet

and to avoid confusion, I'd also reserve cornet for the renaissance/early baroque instrument typically spelled cornett. this family's naming conventions could also use rationalisation while we're at it : cornettino -> soprano cornett, (treble) cornett ✓, lyzard -> tenor cornett (this is the tenor member of the family, although the French call it a basse de cornet à bouquin and refer to the actual bass as the contrebasse)

*actually, side note, this family of instruments I believe should have been called the crumhorn, because they're crum (bent) and horns. whereas crumhorns are reed instruments and should've thus been called crumfifes or the like (> krumpfeife). alas I'm not actually suggesting we invent new words, just rationalise existing terms. but that would've been ideal

which brings us back to the semi-conical saxhorns you've named alongside the piston cornets: cornet -> soprano ____, Eb tenor horn or alto horn -> alto ____, Bb tenor horn or baritone horn -> baritone ____. for this family, I would just avoid using the word 'tenor' because it confuses different people in different ways in different parts of the world.

wait here’s a photo

for example, take the fuel prices as of today, 20 July 2026. with the price from the state of New York (source) converted to litres, and the prices from Europe (source) and South Africa (source) converted to US Dollars at today's exchange rates of $1=€0.88 and $1=R16.51 (per Google)

United States (N.Y.): US$ 4.15 /gallon = US$ 1.09 /ℓ

Germany (average): EUR 2.10 /ℓ = US$ 2.40 /ℓ

Spain (average): EUR 1.54 /ℓ = US$ 1.76 /ℓ

South Africa (coastal): ZAR 25.23 /ℓ = US$ 1.53 /ℓ

and that's where people usually stop. but it doesn't account for the relative cost of living in each country. like yeah, $2.40/ℓ in Germany is objectively higher than $1.53/ℓ in S. Africa, but the average salary (even in low-paying jobs) is much higher in Germany than in S. Africa, so this doesn't really reflect how much of a burden that is, relatively, to the average person

so we need to adjust the rates for PPP (purchasing power parity) of each currency. this takes into account the average cost of groceries, good and services, average salaries and wages and other market factors, etc. I'm using the latest IMF Rates from April 2026 (source)

United States: 1:1 PPP rate = Intl$ 1.09 /ℓ

Germany: 1:0.72 PPP rate = Intl$ 2.92 /ℓ

Spain: 1:0.60 PPP rate = Intl$ 2.56 /ℓ

South Africa: 1:7.49 PPP rate = Intl$ 3.37 /ℓ

notice how Germany and Spain have different PPP rates, despite both using the Euro, because it's based on local cost of living. and how South Africa, like many countries in the global south, has a drastically undervalued currency. which makes things cheap for tourists here, but is Not Great for locals.

Hungary: HUF 592.00 /ℓ = US$ 1.87 /ℓ adjusted 1:188.52 PPP rate = Intl$ 3.14 /ℓ

Singapore apparently has the most expensive fuel in the G20. got their fuel price from this source