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to come: kommen

to get away: abkommen

to arrive: ankommen

to make do: auskommen

to receive: bekommen

to come in: einkommen

to escape: entkommen

to come here: herkommen

to come along: mitkommen

to come after: nachkommen

to decay: verkommen

to happen: vorkommen

(english to german)

1. Above that - darüber

2. Through that - dadurch

3. Around that - darum

4. Out of that - daraus

5. With that - damit

6. After that - danach

7. For that - dafür

8. From that - davon

9. Against that - dagegen

10. In that - darin

11. Under that- darunter

12. Next to that - daneben

13. Behind that - dahinter

das Wetter - weather

der Wind - wind

die Luft - air

der Sonnenschein - sunshine

der Wirbelwind - whirlwind

das Polarlicht - aurora/polar light

der Schneeregen - sleet/rain and snow

der Hagel - hail

der Donner - thunder

der Blitz - lightning

der Schauer - downpour

der Sturm - storm

die Wolke - cloud

der Regen - rain

das Gewitter - thunderstorm

der Nebel - fog/mist

der Schnee - snow

der Regenbogen - rainbow

der Raureif - frost/white frost

das Eis - ice

der Frost - freeze

der Eiszapfen - icicle

der Hurrikan - hurricane

der Tornado - tornado

der Monsun - monsoon

die Überschwemmung - flood

die Brise - breeze

die Kühle - coolness

die Kälte - coldness

die Hitze - heat/hotness

die Wärme - warmth

sonnig - sunny

bewölkt - cloudy

heiß - hot

kalt - cold

warm - warm

trocken - dry

stürmisch - stormy/tempestuous

nass - wet

feucht - damp/humid

windig - windy

nebelig - foggy

es regnet - it’s raining

es schneit - it’s snowing

Nebenordnende - Coordinating aka. normal verb placement

aber - but

denn - because, for

oder - or

sondern - but rather, instead

und - and

entweder…oder - either…or

weder…noch  - neither…nor

nicht nur…sondern auch - not only…but also

Unterordnende - Subordinating aka. verb kickers

als - when

bevor - before

bis - until

da - because, since

damit - so that

dass - that 

daher - therefore, thus

darum - therefore, thus

nachdem - after

ob - if, whether

obwohl - although

obgleich - although

seit - since

seitdem - since

sobald - as soon as

solang - as long as 

statt dass - instead of

während - while

wann - when

weil - because

Deutschland - Germany Großbritannien - Great Britain England - England Nordirland - Northern Ireland Wales - Wales Schottland - Scotland  Kanada - Canada Amerika - America die Vereinigten Staaten - the United States Frankreich - France Italien - Italy Spanien - Spain Russland - Russia die Türkei - Turkey Polen - Poland China - China Japan - Japan Südkorea - South Korea Nordkorea - North Korea Australien - Australia die Niederlande - Netherlands die Schweiz - Swizerland Schweden - Sweden Österreich - Austria Ägypten - Egypt Syrien - Syria Brasilien - Brasil Indien - India Griechenland - Greece

Ich komme aus… - I am from … 

Ich komme aus Amerika. - I am from America. Ich komme aus der Schweiz. - I am from Swizerland. Ich komme aus den Niederlanden. - I am from the Netherlands. Ich komme aus der Türkei. - I am from Turkey. 

Ich fahre nach… - I am going to… Ich reise nach… - I am travelling to…

Ich fahre nach Deutschland. - I am going to Germany. Ich reise nach Indien. - I am travelling to India. Ich fahre in die Schweiz. - I am going to Swizerland. Ich fahre in die Türkei. - I am going to Turkey.

As a fan of sharks who is also going to Flordia soon, I couldn’t resist making a vocab list for them! 

Nouns 

der Hai / Haifisch - Shark  der Strand - Beach  der Köder - Bait  der Hummer / die Krabbe - Lobster, crab  das Wasser - Water  die Flut / Gezeiten - Tide, high tide (flood)  die Welle - Wave die Sandburg - Sandcastle (der Sand)  der Käfig - Cage  das Meer / die See / der Ozean - Sea or ocean  der Tang - Seaweed  das Ufer - Shore, water bank die Flosse - Fin, flipper  die Rückenflosse - Dorsal fin  die Sonnenbrille - Sunglasses  der Jagd - The hunt die Angelrute - Fishing rod  die Düne - The dune  die Kieme - Gill (pl. Kiemen)  die Taucherausrüstung - Diving equipment der Rettungsschwimmer - Lifeguard  der Hai-Angriff - Shark attack  der Haifischzahn - Shark tooth  die Beute - Prey  der Wissenschaftler / der Meeresbiologe - Scientist, marine biologist  die Meeresfrüchte - Seafood (used on German menus) 

Verbs 

Tauchen - To dive  Schwimmen - To swim  Jagen - To hunt  Riechen - To smell (Blut!)  Locken - To attract, lure  Beißen - To bite Segeln - To sail  Sich entspannen - To relax, unwind Angeln - To fish  Angreifen - To attack  Beobachten - To observe  Ertrinken - To drown Retten - To save

Bonus: Ocean / Aquatic species 

der Thunfisch - Tuna  der Aal - Eel der Delfin - Dolphin der Dorsch / Kabeljau - cod, Atlantic cod  der Wal - Whale  der Barsch - Bass, perch  der Tintenfisch - Squid  die Elritze - Minnow der weißer Hai / WeißHai - Great white shark  die Qualle - Jellyfish  das Seepferdchen - Seahorse  die Muschel - Shell, mussel, clam  die Garnele - Shrimp der Hammerhai - Hammerhead shark  der Lachs - Salmon der Schwertfisch - Swordfish  der Stachelrochen - Stingray 

Language: German Inspired by this post

Part 1/Part 2:

• Die Kleidung - Clothing

der Hut - hat das Kleid - dress der Anzug - suit der Rock - skirt das Hemd - shirt das T-shirt - T-shirt die Hose - pants die Schuhe - shoes die Tasche - pocket der Mantel - coat der Fleck - stain

• Die Farbe - Color

die Farbe - color rot - red grün - green blau - blue gelb - yellow braun - brown rosa - pink orange - orange schwarz - black weiß - white grau - gray

• Die Menschen - People

Masculine endings :-

-ant der Konsonant — consonant

-ast der Palast — palace

-ich der Teppich — carpet

-ig der Honig — honey

-ling der Liebling — darling

-or der Motor — engine

-us der Materialismus — materialism

Feminine endings :-

-a die Pizza — pizza

-anz die Toleranz — tolerance

-ei die Wäscherei — laundry

-enz die Intelligenz — intelligance

-heit die Merheit — majority

-ie die Astrologie — astrology

-ik die Musik — music

-ion die Kommunikation — communication

-keit die Müdigkeit — tiredness

-tät die Kreativität — creativity

-schaft die Erbschaft — inheritance

-ung die Bedeutung — meaning

-ur die Frisur — hairstylist

Neuter endings :-

-chen das Mädchen — girl

-il das Ventil — valve

-lein das Männlein — little man

-ma das Drama — drama

-ment das Instrument — instrument

-o das Auto — car

Y’all are familiar with this one, right? I’m gonna do this one in parts cause it’s a long one.

Tiere: der Hund, die Katze, der Fisch, der Vogel, die Kuh, das Schwein, die Maus, das Pferd, der Flügel, das Tier

Transport: das Zug, das Flugzeug, das Auto, der LKW (Lastkraftwagen), das Fahrrad, der Bus, das Boot, das Schiff, der Riefen, das Benzin/der Diesel (tank), die Fahrkarte, der Transport

Orte: die Großstadt, das Haus, die Wohnung, die Straße, der Flughafen, der Bahnhof, die Brücke, das Hotel, der Restaurant, der Bauernhof, das Gericht, die Schule, das Büro, das Zimmer, die Stadt, die Universität (Uni), der Club, die Bar, das Lager, das Geschäft, das Theater, die Bibliothek, das Krankenhaus, die Kirche, der Markt, das Land, das Gebäude, der Boden, der Weltraum, die Bank, der Ort

Kleidung: der Hut, das Kleid, der Anzug, das Rock, das Hemd, (das Trikot, das Hoodie), das T-shirt, die Hose, der Schuh, die Hosentasche/Jackentasche, der Mantel, (die Jacke), der Fleck, die Kleidung

Farben: rot, grün, blau, hell/dunkel, gelb, braun, pink, orange, schwarz, weiß, grau, die Farbe

Leute: der Sohn, die Tochter, die Mutter, der Vater, das Elternteil, das Baby, der Mann, die Frau, der Bruder, die Schwester, (die Geschwister), die Familie, der Opa / Großvater, die Oma / Großmutter, der Ehemann, die Ehefrau, der König, die Königin, der/die Präsident/-in, der/die Nachbar/-in, der Junge, das Mädchen, das Kind, der Erwachsene, die Mensche, der/die Freund/-e, das Opfer, der/die Spieler/-in, der Fan, die Menschenmenge, die Person

Berufe: der/die Lehrer/-in, der/die Schüler/-in, der/die Student/-in, der/die Anwalt/Anwältin, der/die Doktor/-in, (der/die Arzt/Ärztin), der/die Patient/-in, der/die Kellner/-in, der/die Sekretär/-in, der/die Priester/-in, der/die Polizist/-in, die Armee, der/die Soldat/-in, der/die Künstler/-in, der/die Schriftsteller/-in, der/die Manager/-in, der/die Reporter/-in, der/die Schauspieler/-in, der Beruf

1) To travel

2) To communicate with people from other countries

3) To make friends from other countries

4) To study abroad

5) To find a job or an internship abroad

6) To read books in their original language

7) To watch movies and TV shows with the original voices

8) To understand music in other languages

9) To discover and understand new cultures

10) To understand new words and idioms, which means that you will have new ways of expressing yourself

11) To discover new foods and recipes from all over the world

12) To have more job opportunities

13) To get a better job, with more possibilities

14) To understand the world a bit better

15) To watch the news or read newspapers in another language, so that you can gain other information and see the world from another point of view

16) To learn traditions and customs from other countries

17) To be more open-minded

18) To train your brain

19) To have a new challenge

20) To avoid illnesses such as Alzheimer or dementia

21) To brag to your friends and family about being bilingual

22) To meet your soulmate from another country

23) To have more youtube content to watch

24) To make your parents / family proud

25) To learn the language of your ancestors

26) To learn the native language of your partner

27) To learn the native language of your best friend

28) To give yourself a reason to watch cartoons

29) To be able to watch Disney movies in different languages

30) To learn more about history, geography and geopolitics 

31) To be able to sing in more than one language

32) To raise bilingual children

33) To be able to help lost tourists in your city

34) To be able to ask for help when you’re lost in a foreign city

35) To not have regrets later

36) To be able to read more resources when you’re researching for an essay

37) To become a more interesting person

38) To have something to do in your free time

39) To meet more interesting people

40) To see your culture from another perspective

41) To be a traveler, not a tourist

42) To be able to bargain the prices when you’re traveling

43) To escape from tourist traps

44) To share amazing experiences with the locals  

45) To become more creative

46) To read memes from different countries

47) To become a citizen of the world

48) To laugh at how crazy your native language and your native culture is

49) To laugh at how hard your target language is

50) To understand jokes in another language

51) To participate more efficiently and responsively in a multi-cultural world

52) To teach your native language abroad

53) To learn to respect everyone and human nature

54) To appreciate cultural diversity

55) To help immigrants who arrive in your country and don’t speak the language yet

56) To watch sports competitions in another language

57) To understand all the Eurovision’s song

58) To be proud of yourself when you master a new aspect of your target language

59) To appreciate the variations of dialects of a foreign language

60) To get a tattoo in a foreign language

61) To volunteer abroad

62) To watch Netflix TV shows from other countries

63) To go from hearing random songs to hearing a language you understand

64) To learn how to make new sounds

65) To improve your CV

66) To say a secret out loud to a friend and have no one else understand you

67) To understand people speaking a foreign language on the bus

68) To be more open and tolerant

69) To always have something new to share

70) To become a better version of yourself

71) To say yes to more adventures

72) To learn how to greet people in tons of different ways

73) To talk to your pets in another language

74) To feel like you’re traveling in time

75) To make foreigners feel welcome in your country

76) To learn how to read and write in a foreign alphabet

77) To read street signs in other countries

78) To learn how to swear in another language

79) To help deaf people fit in society it you’re learning a sign language

80) To learn while you’re young

81) To learn while you have time

82) To read poems in their original language

83) To have people tell you that you have a cute accent

84) To become an inspiration for other language learners

85) To speak more languages than your friends and family

86) To stand out from the crowd

87) To help save an endangered language

88) To learn more about linguistics

89) To grow as a person

90) To help people who are struggling with your native language or target languages

91) To translate crazy phrases on Duolingo

92) To talk with kids who don’t speak your native language

93) Because learning languages is an epic adventure

94) Because so many languages will sound good to your ears

95) Because it’s fun

96) Because it’s rewarding

97) Because the language learning community is amazing

98) Because there’s no reason not to learn languages

99) Because you won’t regret it

100) Because you don’t actually need a reason

Changing the language of your phone to your target language

Learning 1 new vocabulary each day/week/fortnight/month

Buy a book in your target language (Amazon works well. Harry Potter is usually cheap to buy secondhand).

Practice with native speakers.

Make good use of online sources, such as Duolingo. It couldn’t be simpler.

Listen to music in the target language.

Make a monthly vocab list.

Watch movies and TV shows in the target language.

Set yourself achievable language learning goals. Unrealistic expectations of yourself causes stress and stress hinders retention. 

Practice everyday! Consistency is key.

changing my chrome cursor into something cute like a strawberry

changing my chrome theme to a wacky colour

adding stickers onto my laptop

listening to new music in a language I don’t know

or hyped video game music for energy

buying a fidget toy. like deadass I had my doubts but they’re so good

using the web paint extension while in meetings or lectures

changing the appearance of whatever note taking app you use

for epic gamers with light-up keyboards, changing the light’s colour settings

having a very hot or very cold drink 

putting said drink directly under my face when working and using a straw, so I don’t forget it’s there and don’t have to move my head much to sip

hav u eaten or drank anything today hey hello it’s already midday

sparkling water perchance?? it’s water but it’s fun and interesting

ambient fireplace 10 hours loop

alternatively, death metal hardcore bass boosted.mp3

putting on a ridiculous outfit and pretending you’re a wizard doing important work. I have given up on being “put together” at this stage

getting up and having scheduled dance breaks to move around

don’t like your chair? are u gay and can’t sit normal? try arranging pillows and boxes to make a diy cross-legged chair or sit on the floor

u kno when you get a million ideas during studying but u don’t want to break focus: hey siri okay google alexa remind me in a sec about this very specific thing that just couldn’t wait 10 more minutes to force itself into brain

giving up. lmao sometimes you genuinely need a break and nothing you do will make your brain focus so don’t feel guilty for needing rest! it’s technically more productive to spend the time resting and recharging than forcing yourself to half assedly focus and get nothing done

Today: Vorführeffekt, der (n.)

Hope this helps:)

Qué

When in questions

Used to ask something in general, something we don’t know anything about. If the verb carries a preposition, the preposition goes before qué.

¿Qué es la biología? What is biology? 

¿Qué harás mañana? What will you do tomorrow?

¿De qué hablas? What are you talking about?

When in a sentence working as a question

There are no question marks but there’s the intention of a question. 

Me pregunto qué es un hobbit.  I wonder what a hobbit is. 

When in exclamations

Used as an expression of emotion, feeling or reaction. 

¡Qué mañana tan agradable!  What a nice morning! 

Cuál 

When in questions

Used to ask for an option between a list of similar possibilities. Both the speaker and the listener know about these possibilities, they expect them to be familiar. If the verb carries a preposition, the preposition goes before cuál.

¿Cuál es tu fruta favorita?  What/which is your favorite fruit?

¿Cuál es tu opinión?  What/Which is your opinion?

¿Cuál es el mío? Which one is mine?

¿De cuál hablas? Which one are you talking about?

¿Cuál es tu nombre? What is your name?

Note: ¿Qué es tu nombre? sounds off and translates as “what is ‘your name’” as in somebody who doesn’t know what names are.

When in a sentence working as a question

There are no question marks but there’s the intention of a question.

Me pregunto cuál es la fruta favorita de mi madre. I wonder what my mom’s favorite fruit is.

Remember that cuáles is used for when using the plural, but qué never changes. Cuál/cuáles is also used in exclamations, but it is so rare that I think I will talk about that in another post. 

Check the difference 

¿Qué quieres hacer?¿Ir al cine o comer algo? What do you want to do? Go to the movies or eat something?

Fillers words are those small interruptions we put in our sentences whenever we talk. Mostly shunned upon when writing papers, or giving speeches, but in casual conversations it pops up all the time.

There are times where I just end up saying, “um,” “like,” “uhh,” and so on. You know, things like that and was curious how I can also transfer that blank state of mind in another language.

Well, that and it gives you time while you’re thinking of the right words for your target language. It sounds more natural than saying the English filler words and it won’t confuse the native speakers as much.

These are the filler words in the languages I’m learning:

SPANISH

Pues – Well

A ver – Let’s see

Digo – I say

O sea – I mean

Entonces – So/therefore

Asi que – So/therefore

Bueno – Well

Es que – It’s just that

Este – Umm/uhh 

La cosa es – The thing is

A lo que me refiero es – What I refer to is

JAPANESE

えーと [eeto] – Umm

あのう [ano] – Well/say

その [sono] – That/the

ええ [ee] – Uhh

なんか [nanka] – Something

それで [Sore de] – So

You can extend the way you say it such as eeeeto, or sonooo.

ITALIAN

Meno male – Thank goodness

Allora – So

Ma dai – Come on

Quindi – Therefore

Vediamo un po’ – Let me see

Siccome – Seeing as/since

Visto che – Seeing as

Comunque – Anyway

A proposito – By the way

Per la maggior parte – For the most part

Forse – Maybe

Magari – Perhaps

RUSSIAN

Ну – Well

Это/эта – Well

Типа – well, kinda

Как бы – Sort of

В общем – Basically, so

Слышь – Y’know

В принципе – Theoretically

Это самое – Whatsit, whatchamacallit

Собственно – As a matter of fact

Значит – So/well then

Скажем – Say

Однозначно – Sure thing

Так сказать – Sort of/kind of

Жесть – Sick/awesome/sick-awesome/harsh/heavy

В натуре – Actually, for real

Прямо скажем – To be honest

Короче – Bla-bla-bla, long story short

То сё, пятое десятое – This and that

Реально – For real

На самом деле – Actually

Круто – Cool

Конечно – Totally

Прикольно/ по приколу – Fun

FRENCH

Alors – So

Allez  – Right/Go ahead

Euh – Uhh

Quoi – What

Bref – Basically

Bien  – Well

En fait  – In fact

Quand même  – Still/anyway

Tu sais  – You know

Bon/bon ben  – Well

C’est-à-dire – That is to say

A la limite  – I mean/I suppose

PORTUGESE

Ou seja – Like/I mean/That is to say

Bom – Well/um/ok

Então – So/then

Pois – So/then

Ahn/Hum – Um/er

Mas – But

Bem – Well

Certo – Right

Certo/é  assim – Right/isn’t it

Como – Like

Try using these words as you slowly start forming sentences, or just use it whenever you’re studying in your target language.

Both estar and hacer are used for expressions that describe the weather. Despite the fact that both verbs can mean “it is,” the correct verb must be used with its corresponding noun/expression.

Estar está nublado it is cloudy está lloviendo it is raining está nevando it is snowing está lloviznando is drizzling está lluvioso it is rainy está húmedo it is humid está seco it is dry

la ropa - clothes

una camiseta - a t-shirt

una camisa - a shirt

los pantalones - pants

una falda - a skirt

los shorts - shorts

un vestido - a dress

un suéter - a sweater

una chaqueta - a jacket

un abrigo - a jacket

los guantes - gloves

los tejanos - jeans

la ropa interior - underwear

los calcetines - socks

los zapatos - shoes

los zapatos de tacón - high heels

un bolso - a purse

un cinturón - a belt

una bufanda - a scarf

un pañuelo - a shawl

la joyería - jewelry

un anillo - a ring

un collar - a necklace

una pulsera - a bracelet

los pendientes - earings

llevar/vestir  - to wear (to have on)

ponerse - to put on

vestirse - to get dressed

desvestirse - to get undressed