"De Sphaera" (Sphaerae coelestis et planetarum descriptio) is a magnificent 15th-century Italian illuminated manuscript and one of the most beautiful astrological books of the Renaissance. Created around 1470, likely for the Sforza court in Milan, it is currently preserved in the Biblioteca Estense in Modena. The text outlines the Ptolemaic vision of the universe, detailing the celestial spheres, zodiac signs, and planets. The manuscript is most famous for its extraordinary miniatures, which vividly depict the planets alongside highly detailed scenes of both aristocratic and everyday earthly life, illustrating how celestial bodies were believed to influence human destiny, character, and daily activities.

















