#titchener

Holi, el tema de esta publicación es el estructuralismo, con el objetivo de conocer los aportes de esta escuela para el surgimiento de la psicología..  ❤️

La teoría del estructuralismo fue fundada en el siglo XX por el inglés Edward Bradford Titchener, quien asistió a la universidad de Cornell y fue discípulo de Wundt. Propuso una psicología estructural, analizando la conciencia en sus componentes con el fin de determinar su estructura, esto es, quería encontrar los “átomos” mentales. Si bien, Wundt ya había reconocido los elementos o contenidos de la conciencia, pero consideraba a la mente como un ente activo y/o dinámico, capaz de organizar de manera voluntaria dichos elementos mentales, a diferencia del pensamiento de Titchener, quien acorde con las ideas de la mayoría de los empiristas y asociacionistas británicos como James Mill, consideraba a la mente como un ente pasivo.

Al estudiar la experiencia consiente, Titchener planteó el error de estímulo,  que es cuando se confunde el proceso mental en estudio con el estímulo u objeto que se está observando. El clasificó la experiencia en dos tipos: mediata e inmediata. La primera es cuando se interpreta al objeto más allá de sus características espaciales; la segunda es cuando se observa al objeto y se centran en dichas características. 

Structuralism is a school of thought promoted by Wilhelm Wundut and Edward Titchener; used introspection to reveal the structure of the human mind.

This post is essentially going to be a bit of a quick psychology 101. You've probably heard of Sigmund Freud, and maybe you've heard of Ivan Pavlov too (drooling dogs ring any bells? Ba dum tishhhh), but there are plenty of others out there who made staggering contributions to psychology who are just as important as the more widely known names. 

Wilhelm Wundt is a key figure in the history of psychology, and is commonly attributed status as being the father of experimental psychology. In Germany in 1819, Wundt founded the first formal laboratory dedicated to experimental psychology. Eventually, he began to train students who would go on to bring the study of psychology to other countries.

Edward Titchener was one of Wundt's students. He brought psychology from Europe to the United States, and created the first psychology laboratory there at Cornell University in 1892. Titchener is well known as being the father of the Structuralism, the opposing view to Functionalism, founded by William James. 

Freud, probably being the most well known psychologist, was the founder of the  psychodynamic perspective in psychology. Although much of Freud's work is no longer thought to have much real-life application, his work has been hugely influential over psychology's history, and still is today. Indeed, Freud tends to pop up in most disciplines of psychology, especially developmental psychology.

Pavlov, another well known name in psychology's history, was a behavioural psychologist, and is well known as the pioneer of classical conditioning. John Watson, however, is attributed with the title of founder of the behaviourist perspective. Similar to Pavlov's research into conditioning, B. F. Skinner explored another method of conditioning called operant conditioning, based on the research of Edward Thorndike.

Though there are many, many more figures in the history of psychology, the aforementioned psychologists are some of the most influential and important figures in psychology's history.