#present participle

◾Gerund The form of a verb ending in -ing, used like a noun (for example, as the subject or object of a sentence). Examples: ➡ Smoking is bad for you. ➡ I hate getting up early. ◾Present Participle The form of a verb ending in -ing, used as an adjective, a verb or part of a verb. Examples: ➡ A crying baby. ➡ Opening his newspaper, he started to read. ➡ She was running. Another example of gerund as a noun: as an object of a sentence Vocabulary: swimming pool Example: ➡ We have a swimming pool in our back yard.

¡Hola!

The “-ndo” part is called the gerund or the present participle, which is a crucial part in forming the present progressive tense. The present progressive refers to an ongoing action that is happening right now. This is different from the simple present tense in that the present tense refers more to fixed routines, something that won’t change now.

This website helps explain the difference between the present tense and the present progressive in English grammar (which may help if English is your native language in order to get some background on how we use it in English). And this other website goes into more detail about the Spanish present progressive and when to use it versus the English one (a super helpful website, I highly recommend it).

In your examples, “el hombre cocina” is in the present tense, merely stating the fact that the man cooks. On the other hand, “el hombre está cocinando” lets us know that right now the man is cooking.

overraskende.  surprising / surprisingly sovende.  sleeping døende.  dying gående.  going / walking sittende.  seated / sitting svømmende.  swimming

flygende.  flying lekende.  playing / playful forvirrende.  confusing flytende.  fluent / fluently / in flux løpende.  running / ongoing deprimerende.  depressing

kommende.  next / coming hengende.  hanging liggende.  lying / lying down irriterende.  irritating / annoying fengende.  catchy underholdende.  entertaining

imponerende.  impressive snakkende.  talking spennende.  exciting fungerende.  working / acting gjenværende.  remaining avgjørende.  decisive / critical

rasende.  furious / furiously levende.  living / alive givende.  rewarding lignende.  similar passende.  appropriate utelukkende.  exclusively

tilsynelatende.  seemingly / apparently sjokkerende.  shocking skuffende.  disappointing grunnleggende.  fundamental / elementary / basic blivende.  future nåværende.  current

Resultatet var overraskende.  The result was surprising. Hvem er det sovende spedbarnet?  Who is the sleeping baby? Bestefar er døende.  Grandpa is dying. Håpet holdt meg gående.  The hope kept me going. Vi forble sittende mens flyet var i luften.  We remained seated while the plane was in the air. Se opp for svømmende ulver!  Look out for swimming wolves!

De kjørte den flygende bilen til skolen.  They drove the flying car to the school. Så du den lekende familien på stranden?  Did you see the family playing at the beach? Studentene synes professoren gir forvirrende forelesninger.  The students think the professor gives confusing lectures. Snakker hun flytende dansk?  Does she speak fluent Danish? Fem tusen hester kom løpende mot dem.  Five thousand horse came running toward them. Denne boken er utrolig deprimerende.  This book is incredibly depressing.

Klassen skal studere skandinavisk historie kommende uke.  The class will study Scandinavian history next week. Rommet hennes har en hengende lampe som hun bruker for å lese.  Her room has a hanging lamp that she uses to read. Hun ble liggende i sengen hele uken.  She remained lying in bed the whole week. Presidenten synes journalisten stiller irriterende spørsmål.  The president thinks the journalist is asking irritating questions. Han sang noe fengende.  He sang something catchy. Målet er å få barn til å lære landets historie på en underholdende måte.  The goal is to get children to learn the country’s history in an entertaining way.

Rommet hadde en imponerende utsikt.  The room had an impressive view. Han hadde aldri sett en snakkende bjørn før.  He had never seen a talking bear before. Mamma har en spennende fortelling.  Mom has an exciting story. Vi har bare ett fungerende toalett.  We have only one working toilet. De gjenværende holdt festen gående.  Those remaining kept the party going. Førsteinntrykket kan være avgjørende.  The first impression can be decisive.

Jeg kan ikke drepe et levende dyr.  I cannot kill a living animal. Opplevelsen var ikke så givende.  The experience was not so rewarding. Skjedde det lignende ting i verkeligheten?  Were there similar things happening in reality? Broren min kan ikke finne en passende jobb.  My brother cannot find an appropriate job. Kokkene jobber utelukkende innenfor byen.  The chefs work exclusively within the city. Advokaten var rasende etter at hun leste brevet.  The lawyer was furious after she read the letter.

- adjectives and adverbs that end in -ing in English and -ende in Norwegian. they describe nouns and verbs. present participles never change spelling, they always end in -ende. remember that the d is silent, so the ending sounds like -eneh.

Participle and Verb Tenses

[su_heading size=”25″]Participle and Verb Tenses[/su_heading]

Present participle used in continuous tense.

The present participle follows the helping verb/auxiliary verb to be to form present (is, are) or past (was, were) continuous tenses to indicate an action that is or was still continuing. The combination of the auxiliary verb and present participle forming the continuous tense is known as…