*What's up with the Lombroso guy*
Alright, now I possess Relevant Fandom Knowledge and I must share It.
Cesare Lombroso Is the founding father of criminology and we have a Museum in Turin dedicated to how he got everything WRONG. I am not exaggerating, one of the first tags in the Museum tells "this Is a collection of mistakes".
So, my good friend Cesare lived in Turin in the mid-to-late 1800s. He lived in a moment of deep turmoil for the newlyfounded Italian Kingdom... And I say turmoil not to say crimes against civilians.
In Basilicata, Sicilia and Campania there were armed bands of assorted people (criminals, idealists, or tired small landowners) called "briganti". They bond under their common hatred towards the "invading" Kingdom of Sardinia (later Kingdom of Italy) and Its army.
Said army crushed them, and brutally so, with unlawful executions and incarcerations, curfews, all of the usual arsenal of invading forces.
Most of the remains of the executed briganti were used for academic purposes, without their family's consent of course, and one of such pour soul's head was the root of Lombroso's theory.
Inside the cranium of the famous brigante Villella, Lombroso found a small dimple near the back, one that Is found in apes. So he deduced, incorrectly, that if you had that dimple you were prone to crime and there was NOTHING you could do about it because your brain was more similar to the one of apes than to those of fellow human.
This Is called Atavism and It's BAD SCIENCE. Lombroso did not have a control group: later studied revealed, surprise Surprise, that the dimple was a random feature and not linked to anything.
Villella's cranium still rests on Lombroso's desk, inside a museum that displays all of its mistakes, along with skulls, funerary masks, artifacts made by inmates of psychiatric hospitals and jails alike, and that teaches us all to do Better Science.
And Villella's great-great-great granddaughter studied law and writes about it on Tumblr, much to the Old Gasbag's chagrin.
EDIT: holy Hator's cows this blew up. I would like to add a couple of Bonus Facts for you all to enjoy:
-the guy did Bad Science in the field of pellagra prevention too. If you want I can make a whole post about it too.
-he was bigtime into spiritism and seances.
-in the same building where the Lombroso museum is there Is also the Anatomy Museum and the Garnier Fruit Museum. The latter features a LOT of wax fruits and a tablet repeating on loop a video of a famous actor Reading a poem about the heroism of fruit worms.