#korean dialects

if anyone is interested in learning 전라도 사투리 here's what we went over in class today. i didn't have time to translate it all into English bc the teacher was talking so fast 😅

1. 거시기 (있다, 하다) - thingamajig

2. 내 기분이 쪼까 거시기 하다 - 기분이 조금 안 좋다

3. 오메 - 어머, 와

4. 아따 - come on/ srsly/ ugh/ 아이고

5. 시방 - 지금

6. 귄있다 - 볼수록 매력이 있다 (to grow on you)

7. 되다 (아따~ 된그~) - 힘들다/ 피곤하다

8. 긍께 (그렁께) - 그러니까

9. 올텡께 - 올 테니까

10. 암시롱 않다 - 아무렇지도 않다

11. 허벌라게 (허버) - 아주/ 굉장히

12. 뒤지다 - 죽다

13. 디지게 - 죽을 만큼 (죽겠다)

14. 오지다 - satisfied/ content

15. 쪼까 - 조금

16. 어찌야쓰까잉/ 어찌까잉 - 어떻게 하지?

17. 짠하다 - 불쌍해서 마음이 아프다

18. 야물다 - 똑똑하다

19. ~디 - ~데 (근데 -> 근디)

20. ~냐 - question

21. ~잉 - (not sure yet, maybe just an extra bit added onto the end of the sentence, but could be similar to ~지요. can anyone fill in?)

22. ~부러 - 버려 (버리다)

23. 했당께 - 했다니까

24. 아따 안 오고 뭐더냐 - 아이고 안 오고 뭐 하냐

Hey guys!! It’s that time again!! :))

To start off today’s lesson I’m going to be using another term from ‘crash landing on you’ which is ‘후라이까지마라’ (hu-ra-i-kka-ji-ma-ra) which is a North Korean word that translates to ‘don’t tell porkies’, or in simpler terms, ‘don’t tell lies’. The South Korean version of this word came from Se-ri as she replied to Chi-Su; ‘뻥치지마’ (bbeong-chi-ji-ma) and it is said to translate to ‘don’t kid yourself’, or yet again more simply, ‘don’t tell lies’. As you can see, beside the meaning and the use of ‘지마’ (which is derived from ‘하지마’) for ‘stop’, these two phrases don’t actually have much in common, but from my own research I was able to find two other commonly used South Korean terms (with the same previously mentioned meaning) that are more similar to that of the North Korean word stated above, these two phrases are: ‘거짓말 하지마라’ (keo-jit-mal / ha-ji-ma-ra) which is a more polite version of the saying, where as the second of the two ‘구라까지마’ (gu-ra-kka-ji-ma) is to only be used amongst close friends as ‘구라’ (gu-ra) is the slang word for ‘lie’, meaning it is not suitable to be used outside of casual situations.

In terms of similarity, it can be seen that the two newest phrases have endings closer to that of ‘후라이까지마라’ than ‘뻥치지마’ did, especially within the casual slang term due to the use of ‘까지마’ (a conjugated form of ‘까지다’ which means: ‘to be impudent/cheeky/ill-mannered’, therefore, ‘까지마’ is saying to not do those things, as it literally means ‘do not do that’), which is surprising due to the words more recent creation. This therefore shows an overlap between the two dialects, which is likely to be due to the South still using ‘pure Korean’ (as evidence of Konglish has been prevalent in my past lessons), as although the phrases are not completely the same, the conjugations and grammar rules used to form them are.

Since I’m on the topic of terms and phrases being similar yet different amongst the two dialects, here are some other words that follow that same principle!: (Eng->NK->SK)

Bloom->피여 (pi-yeo)->피어 (pi-eo).

Thankful/Thank you->고마와 (go-ma-wa)->고마워 (go-ma-wo).

Near->가까와 (ga-kka-wa)->가까워 (ga-kka-wo).

Count->세여 (se-yeo)->세어 (se-eo).

Cold water->랭수 (raeng-su)->냉수 (naeng-su).

Woman->녀자 (nyeo-ja)->여자 (yeo-ja).

Toilet->위생실 (wi-saeng-sil)->화장실 (hwa-jang-sil).

Jump->뛰여 (ddwi-yeo)->뛰어 (ddwi-eo).

Hammer->마치 (ma-chi)->망치 (mang-chi).

Theory->릴온 (lil-on)->이론 (il-on).

Summer->녀름 (nyeo-leum)->여름 (yeo-leum).

Worker->로동자 (ro-dong-ja)->노동자 (no-dong-ja).

———————————————————————

Vocab summary: (NK=SK=ENG)

후라이까지마라 = 뻥치지마/거짓말 하지마라/구라까지마 = Don’t tell lies/don’t tell porkies/don’t kid yourself.

하지마 = Stop (SK term only).

구라 = Lie (casual SK term only).

까지마 = Do not do that (NK+SK).

까지다 = To be impudent/cheeky/ill-mannered (NK+SK).

피여 = 피어 = Bloom.

고마와 = 고마워 = Thankful/thank you.

가까와 = 가까워 = Near.

세여 = 세어 = Count.

랭수 = 냉수 = Cold Water.

녀자 = 여자 = Woman.

위생실 = 화장실 = Toilet.

뛰여 = 뛰어 = Jump.

마치 = 망치 = Hammer.

릴온 = 이론 = Theory.

녀름 = 여름 = Summer.

로동자 = 노동자 = Worker.

———————————————————————

Okay so that’s the end of today’s lesson!! I hope you all enjoyed it, I know it’s been a little while since I’ve posted something that’s actually useful and informative lmao but everything’s just been v hectic lately, but I really do hope that you’re all staying happy and well, I send you all my best wishes at this time 💘 please make sure you stay home as much as possible and look after yourself 💘! Love uu!

P.S: please subscribe to my new YT channel, I’ve posted one thing so far but real videos will be coming soon!! Thank you x.

Okay, so I’m not sure how you guys would like me to do these vocab lists, because in “Crash Landing On You” they use a lot of North Korean dialect, atleast from Jeong Hyeok and his men, since that’s the country the drama is situated in.

For example, in the clip below, Jeong Hyeok says: “여보시오” (Yeo-bo-si-o) which as you may realise, sounds similar to “여보세요” (Yeo-bo-se-yo), and thats because the former is “Hello” (when answering the phone) in North Korean dialect, and the latter is the same but in South Korean dialect.

I do find it really interesting how the dialects can be so similar, yet different, but in terms of benefitting you guys, maybe I should just stick to using vocab from Se Ri instead, since she speaks in a South Korean Seoul dialect?

Let me know what your opinions and preferences are!!

Throughout this series I’ll be displaying the similarities and differences amongst words and phrases within the Korean dialects. As you guys requested, I will be breaking the series up over multiple posts and they will be brief but hopefully insightful! Also, for anybody that’s curious, this vocabulary is from both the kdrama; “Crash Landing on You”, and my own research :)).

P.s: sadly I can’t include clips from the drama in these posts because mobile Netflix doesn’t allow you to screenshot/screen record :(( anyways, onto the learning! 가자!

As you may know, the South Korean language has adopted many English words into their everyday speech, leading to the development of Konglish and English cognates. An example of this is ‘젤리’ (Jel-li) which you can easily translate to its meaning: jelly (gelatine sweets e.g: haribo). Whereas North Korea has maintained a more ‘pure’ form of the language, meaning they have not loaned words from English speaking countries. Therefore, the word for jelly sweets would be ‘단묵’ (Dan-muk), making it even confusing for those from SK to understand what that word means as there are no similarities.

Another example is the South Korean word ‘택시’ (Taek-si) which, yep, you guessed it, means: ‘Taxi’. The North Korean term for this is ‘발바리차’ (Bal-ba-ri-cha) and it is a lot different as there are no English connotations involved. However, it’s literal translation is ‘small car’, which is quite interesting because although the North Korean and South Korean word for Taxi is very different, the literal translation shows similarities between the two dialects, as ‘차’ (Cha), means ‘car’ in both regions, aswell as the full term; ‘자동차’. This therefore displays that although there may be no similarities within terms from everyday vocabulary, there are in fact underlying matches within the literal sense.

To link on from the last example, ‘핸드폰’ (Haen-deu-pon) and ‘휴대폰’ (Hyu-dae-pon) are the South Korean words for ‘mobile phone’, aswell as ‘스마트폰’ (Seu-ma-teu-pon), which means ‘smart phone’. Just like the previous examples, you can see the English influence straight away, through the use of ‘스마트’ (Seu-ma-teu) which means ‘smart’, ‘핸드’ (Haen-deu) which means ‘hand’ and ‘폰’ (Pon) which means ‘phone’, instead of the more traditional ‘휴대 전화’ (Hyu-dae / jeon-hwa) which translates to ‘cell/mobile phone’. The traditional phrase, however, is similar to that used in North Korea; ‘손전화’ (Son-jeon-hwa) which as mentioned before means ‘cell phone’ or ‘mobile phone’, as they continue to stick to the ‘pure form’ of Korean without borrowing English terms. This therefore makes similarities between the two dialects apparent once again, when looking at pure, literal translations, as both dialects recognise ‘전화’ (Jeon-hwa), as the traditional word used for ‘phone’/‘telephone’.

———————————————————————

Vocab summary: (NK=SK=ENG)

단문 = 절리 = (Gelatin) Sweets

발바리차 = 택시 = Taxi

(자동)차 = (자동)차 = Car (it’s the same!)

손전화 = 핸드폰 (휴대폰/스마트폰/휴대 전화) = Mobile phone

전화 = 폰 (but 전화 is also used traditionally) = Phone/Telephone

———————————————————————

Omg hi! Sadly not 😂😂 you’re my first ever ask so thank you!! 💘 I’m glad you decided to follow me ☺️!

To be honest, the whole reason I started the NK vs SK dialect series was because of the fact I’d picked up on some North Korean words and phrases (as you will have seen from my first NKSK post) and initially it had been a surprise to me to have picked up on those dialect differences at all because 1) I didn’t expect the characters to even be speaking outside of the usual South Korean dialects, and 2) I didn’t think I was advanced enough for that, but of course my level of Korean isn’t good enough to pick up on all North Korean terms used within the drama, but I think the fact that I’m able to understand some differences makes me remember those words even more?? Because I know that they should be saying ‘여보세요’, so why is Jeong Hyeok saying ‘여보시오’? These little questions to yourself make those phrases stick in your mind, and to be honest, I don’t think it’s necessarily a bad thing to be able to pick out these differences, because it means your Korean is actually at a decent level, but you’ve just got to stay mindful of that fact that whenever any of the North Korean characters are speaking, they may not be saying things that can be used everywhere within the Korean Peninsula.

So long story short, try to be vigilant of the language used by the soldiers and maybe focus more on listening to Se-Ri and the way she speaks with her Seoul dialect, because I assume it’s the dialect you’re most likely to be learning right now in terms of your Korean study :))

me: i've been scouring the internet for hours trying to find a comprehensive analysis of the prosodic structure and pitch accent of daegu satoori and i FINALLY found it i'm so alive right now thank god for publicly accessible academic journals am i right???

person: ...

me: ...

AKA Kyungsang Dialects

Want to learn Daegu Satoori (North Gyeongsangdo)? What about Busan Satoori (South Gyeongsangdo)? Or at least want to understand them?

At least I do. Every since I heard BTS’s Satoori Rap I knew I wanted to learn Daegu satoori (anyone else’s bias Yoongi?? lmao yall can hmu on my kpop blog @mint-suga).

So for several hours yesterday because I’m an obsessive linguistics nerd I scoured the internet for articles on Gyeongsang satoori and here is the fruit of my labor.

If you don’t know the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), you probably will need an interactive IPA chart. When you see some funny-looking symbols that are said to correspond to sounds in the articles, you can just go here and see what the symbols sound like.

All right, so below are all the articles I’ve found on Gyeongsang Satoori that seem useful for learning its dialects:

(Every other line is itlaicized to facilitate finding where the titles begin and end)

All dialects:

Your One-Stop Guide to Korean Dialects  (blog)

Speakers of tonal and non-tonal Korean dialects use different cue weightings in the perception of the three-way laryngeal stop contrast

Perception and production of English stops by tonal and non-tonal Korean dialect speakers 

General Gyeongsang Satoori:

Word-specific effects on sound change of the lexical pitch accent in Kyungsang Korean

North Gyeongsang Satoori:

The characteristics of the North Gyeongsang Dialect (in Korean)

The prosodic structure and pitch accent of Northern Kyungsang Korean

The lexical tone system of North Kyungsang Korean

Tone, segments, and their interaction in North Kyungsang Korean: a correspondence theoretic account

South Gyeongsang Satoori:

The nominal pitch accent system of Southern Kyungsang Korean

Effects of tone on the three-way laryngeal distinction in Korean: An acoustic and aerodynamic comparison of the Seoul and South Kyungsang dialects

Accent classes in South Kyengsang Korean: Lexical drift, novel words and loanwords

A diachronic investigation of the vowels and fricatives in Korean: An acoustic comparison of the Seoul and South Kyungsang dialects

I might be adding more to this, so be sure to look for updates!