Clicker training does not enhance learning in mixed-breed shelter puppies (Canis familiaris) Clicker training has been a popular form of training for decades and is utilized in zoos, aquariums and shelters. Only a handful of studies have investigated the efficacy of the clicker training method itself despite its widespread popularity. In the first study we used 30 shelter puppies, naïve to training, that were split into three different groups: Clicker + primary reinforcement, vocal praise + primary reinforcement and primary reinforcement alone. Each puppy was then trained to perform a “stay” command using seven shaping approximation steps. Puppies had 50 trials to get as far as they could in the shaping plan. We found that puppies in the primary reinforcement alone group significantly out preformed puppies in the clicker + primary reinforcement group (p = 0.004). A second experiment was conducted to see if the type of behavior trained would influence the efficacy of clicker use. For the second experiment we trained a wave, a behavior that required multiple topographical steps. We used 60 shelter puppies, naïve to training, and split them into the same three groups (clicker + primary reinforcement, vocal praise + primary reinforcement and primary reinforcement alone). No significant differences were found between conditions (p > 0.05) when training the wave behavior. These results suggest that different reinforcement strategies may be more or less effective depending on the type of behavior trained, however we did not find evidence that the addition of a clicker or verbal cue enhanced training performance in either condition compared to using primary reinforcement alone. More research is needed to determine if clickers may have other benefits beyond basic training progression.

I was trying to figure out what to write for a quick synopsis but they did a pretty good job! Overall, I really fw this manga and Koreeda is just too cute 🥺 give my boy all the computers and all the codes 🤧 he really does deserve the world 😭❤

     First of all, why the fuck was a kid with a shotgun  in the alley behind her house? She hadn’t done anything to deserve that. There was also a man, about to shoot the  kid as well. The whole situation was VERY surreal, but Harley couldn’t stay out of trouble even if she was paid, which she was. By the Government. But surely a kid’s life was more important than peace? Well, she didn’t really care. She took the bat she always had close to her door. It was a   s c a r y neighbourhood after all. She did what had to be done, not being bothered even a little bit. “ Hey, kid, you OK? ” she asked frowning at the brunet’s attitude, letting out a breathless laugh.  “ I wish I was a NINJA, I’m just a very well trained gymnast. Also HARLEY QUINN. That’s cool too. ” she smiled. Even if this kid gave her the creeps, her more dark side urged her to take him in, see what he could actually do.

Mario Kart rube goldberg machine by Joseph's Machines

Christopher Walken reads The Three Little Pigs.