On this day in royal history
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28th January 1457
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King Henry VII was born
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⌠Henry was born at Pembroke Castle in Wales on 28 January 1457 to the 13-year-old Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond. His father, Edmund Tudor, 1st Earl of Richmond, died three months before his birth.
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⌠Born Henry Tudor, he later became king Henry VII & was the founder of the Tudor dynasty, unifying the warring factions in the Wars of the Roses. Although supported by Lancastrians & Yorkists alienated by Richard IIIâs usurpation, Henry VIIâs first task was to secure his position. In 1486 he married Elizabeth of York, eldest daughter of Edward IV, thus uniting the Houses of York & Lancaster.
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⌠Henryâs reign (1485-1509) was troubled by revolts, sometimes involving pretenders (such as Perkin Warbeck & Lambert Simnel) who impersonated Edward V or his brother. With this in mind, n 1485, Henry formed a personal bodyguard from his followers known as the âYeomen of the Guardâ (the oldest military corps in existence today).
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⌠Henry strengthened the power of the monarchy by using traditional methods of government to tighten royal administration & increase revenues (reportedly including a daily examination of accounts). Royal income rose from an annual average of ÂŁ52,000 to ÂŁ142,000 by the end of Henryâs reign. Little co-operation between King & Parliament was required; during Henryâs reign of 24 years, seven Parliaments sat for some ten & a half months.
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⌠Henry used dynastic royal marriages to establish his dynasty in England & help maintain peace. One daughter, Margaret, was married to James IV of Scotland (from whom Mary, Queen of Scots & her son, James VI of Scotland & James I of England, were descended); the other daughter married Louis XII of France.
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âȘ Henry spent money shrewdly & left a full treasury on his death in 1509.
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