Spencer, Richard A. Harry Potter and the Classical World: Greek and Roman Allusions in JK Rowling's Modern Epic. McFarland, 2015. Print.
Richard Spencer is a professor of classical and biblical studies at the Appalachian State University and is a Protestant Minister. His book, Harry Potter and the Classical World: Greek and Roman Allusions in JK Rowling's Modern Epic, focuses on an arrangement of classical imagery and literature. Spencer briefly examines Hebrew literature and religious texts that have shaped the Harry Potter series. For instance, one of the Ten Commandments demands that no one should take the name of G-d in vain. Jews often use “Adonai” which roughly translates into “my lord” or “Hashem” which means “the name” to talk about G-d. Rowling was inspired by this commandment in her writing as many wizards fear using Voldemort's name. Most characters describe him as “He who shall not be named”. Additionally, Spencer describes the frequent use of the number "12" in Harry Potter and in diverse religious literature. For instance in Genesis, the twelve tribes of Israel (Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, Asher, Issachar, Zebulun, Joseph, and Benjamin) play an essential role in the Hebrew texts. There is also a Jewish apocalyptic concept that world history is divided into twelve parts or weeks. Additionally, Severus Snape’s Father was named after a biblical figure named Tobias (Tobiah in Hebrew). After Tobiah's return to Judea from the Babylonian Exile, he could not convince the puritanical Jewish priests that he and his sons were “pure” Israelites, without any taint of non–Israelite blood. Likewise, Severus Snape could not claim pure-blood status among wizards because his father was a Muggle, making him only a “half-blood” wizard.