Overactive Bladder (OAB): Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment - AINU
What is an Overactive Bladder (OAB)?
Overactive bladder (OAB) is a urinary symptom, it is not a disease. The most common symptom is sudden, uncontrolled need or urges to urinate. Another symptom is frequent urination during day and night.
What are the symptoms of Overactive Bladder?
Leak urine or urinary incontinence, this means you feel a sudden urge to urinate, this is completely different than stress urinary inconsistency. In this case, urine leakage occurs during sneezing, coughing, laughing or doing other physical activities.
·Wake up at night times to pass urine
What are the causes of Overactive Bladder?
· Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
Neurological disorders, such as stroke and multiple sclerosis
Abnormalities in the bladder, such as bladder stones, bladder cancer, GUTB
Enlarged prostate, previous operations to treat other forms of incontinence
Excess consumption of caffeine or alcohol
The decrease in cognitive function due to aging also makes difficult for your bladder to understand the signals it receives from your brain
Difficult to walk; lead to bladder urgency if you're unable to get to the bathroom quickly
Incomplete bladder emptying also leads to overactive bladder
Diagnosis for Overactive Bladder
The doctor will ask you to keep a Bladder Diary for a few days. With this, you will note how often you are going to the bathroom and how many times you leak urine. This will help Urologists learn more about your symptoms. It helps you track:
· How much fluid you drink
· How often you have urgency feeling
· How much urine you may leak
This information helps in treatment.
Other Tests for Overactive Bladder
·Urine test: Sample of your urine is taken to test for infection or blood
·Bladder scan: Ultrasound helps to find how much urine is still in the bladder after you go to the bathroom
· Cystoscopy: To find bladder lesions.
·Urodynamic study: If, regular treatment of OAB, not relieving symptoms.
Treatment for Overactive Bladder
Medications that relax bladder are helpful for relieving symptoms of overactive bladder and reducing times of urge incontinence. Drugs used for overactive bladder treatment: Anticholinergic & B3 – Agonists.
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