#arhitekta

Welcome to my blog post about my story behind the original game level design. 

(Belgrade, 31.12. 1878 – Dubrovnik, 6.6. 1955) first female architect in Serbia

Life and work

JelisavetaNačić was born 1878 in Belgrade, Serbia as thirteenth child in the family. Her father was a rich, large portion trader Mihailo. S. Načić from Požarevac, and her mother was the daughter of Jovan Savić, the manager of of Fond administration. Jelisaveta was the youngest. The Načić family had a property under what is known as Hotel Moscow today. The family also possessed houses in Hilandar street and the carriages which were rented for regal occassions. 1966, a department for architecture was opened in Serbia, as part of Grand faculty of Belgrade. Jelisaveta enrolled into this faculty as the first female student, paying the scholarship with her dowry. After she graduated in 1900, she became the first female architect in Serbia. She got a job in Ministry of buildings as a professional drawer, which was a big success, because at the time, only those who served in the military, men, could get such a job. After passing a state exam in 1902, she is transfered to engineering-architectural department in Belgrade. She also becomes a member of serbian engineers and architects society. In 1903, she gets a reward in the competition for conceptual solution of St. George church in Topola. This brings her the reputation and new orders. She implemented several projects. Her architectural career ended after sixteen years when she was interned into a camp in Hungary for building a triumphal arch in honor of the return of Serbian soldiers of which was inscribed “There are still people from Serbia that aren’t free”. She was a friend of DimitrijeTucović and the democrats. She never revealed her political preference i public. In the camp, she met Luke Lukaj, alban professor and revolutionary who fough against Osman empire. She married him in 1917 and they had a daugter, Lucia. After the war, they lived in Belgrade for two years before moving to Skadar. Lukaj was the minister under the rule of Esad paša, who helped Serbian people cross the Albania during the First world war. With her husband, she took part in a rebellion to free Albania from italian influence. After the rebellion failed, they moved to Dubrovnik in 1923. When king Ahmet Zogu ascended the throne in 1928, Lukaj renounced Alban citizenship, officially becoming the subject of Yugoslavian king. He published Alban-Serbian dictionary in Belgrade in 1955. After the war, Jelisaveta gave her library and professional documentation to University library in Belgrade. Jelisaveta lived in Dubrovnik till her death in 1955. She died poor and forgotten. She was a part of first generation of students in architectural department and one of the first women with a job in public sector. She designed first modern school building, first hospital for tuberculosis, first round kiln for making bricks, first planned residential building on Balkan.

 Professional achievements

Her first work in Belgrade municipality was execution of works on landscaping of Little Kalemegdan, in accordance to project of famous architect Dimitri. T. Lek. As part of landscaping of Big Kalemegdan Jelisaveta designed Little stairs.Decorative and baroque stone stairswith a faucet, which descended from Savska alley onto Paris street, were made of hewn green stone. She also designed the Savska alley fence, with urns on stone pedestals, styled under the influence of secession, which was destroyed during the first World war.

Probably the most monumental project of Jelisaveta Načić was the elementary school near the congregational church in King Peter street 7, which is known as King Peter I street nowadays. School was built in the place where an old school building and reading room used to be. When school was finished 1906 with 16 classrooms, electric lights, heating, toilets, festive hall, spacious vestibule and gymnastics hall, represented one of most modern school complexes in Serbia. Furnishment of classrooms and utility rooms, as well as hygenic and teaching conditions, were on a much higher level than the old school facilities. How extraordinary and successful this project was tells the fact that it was showcased on IV Yugoslavian exhibition 192. Today, this building was declared a cultural asset under protection of UNESCO.

When the Belgrade municipality announced a competition for decoration of Terazije, Jelisaveta was entrusted with supervision of urban planning Terazije plateauin 1911. The plan was to implement the first place design solutions made by Veselin Lucic. Terazije were given a new look, which remained until 1949 even though the fountain was not completed because of the war and the Mestrovic sculpture The Winnerwasn’t set because of public outrage.

The first collective housing building for workers in the Balkans was designed by Jelisaveta. Block of worker flat for workers of communal services in  Belgrade municipality is located between the streets Venizelusove, Komnen Berjaktara, Generala Mahine and Hercega Stjepana. It consists of two sets of objects created in different times. The first block was built in 1910 and 1911, a second set of buildings was completed in 1924. This complex still exists today and has been declared a cultural asset.

The Savamalasquare in front of Belgrade Cooperation Officewas designed in 1911 but it was not implemented.

Jelisaveta has designed  a Pavilionfor tuberculosis 1912. Hospital for tuberculosis patients, was situated in the complex of the hospitalson Vračar. This was the first hospital for tuberculosis in Serbia. The hospital building was destroyed in the bombing during World War II and demolished 1919.

According to her drawings during 1912-13. a church dedicated to St. Archangel Michael was built in Stimlje in Kosovo. In the southern part of the church is a memorial plaque, which represents her dedication to Serbian commanders who fought in this region "plaque for  Kosovo avengers (Vojvoda Radomir Putnik, Živojin Misic, Gligor Sokolovic), glory to those who died for Kosovo, from the architect Ms. Jelisaveta Načić. "

Jelisaveta’s most important work in the field of religious architecture is the church of Alexander Nevsky in Dorćol at the corner of Cara Dusan and French streets. Construction work started in 1912. The construction was interrupted by Balkan wars and First World War. Since Načić abandoned professional career, the construction was continued in 1927, but the design was greatly changed.

According to the winning solution made by Veselin Lucic solution for urban landscaping of the Terazije plateau Jelisaveta was entrusted with drafting the detailed design and supervision of works. Thus Terazije received two lanes that are cobbled with wooden cubes, circular rondell with a fountain and two lateral flower gardens. This solution has survived until 1949 when Terazije faucet was moved to Topčider. It was brought back in 1975. during the next reconstruction of Terazija. She worked on the renovation of buildings in Belgrade that were damaged by the enemy artillery.

Elizabeth Načić has projected the first circular kiln and other plants for the production of bricks which was built in the municipality of "Prokop" with the earth quarry. This building was destroyed during World War II.

For the purposes of the Belgrade municipality she had designed several private houses in Belgrade, so that today one can find buildings that were built according to her ideas and designs: Bozidar Krstic house from 1904, which is located on the corner of Šafarikova and Duro Daničića; House of bookstore owner Marko Markovic on the corner of Captain Mišine and John's 45a from 1904, which was declared cultural heritage; House of Zorke Arsenijevic from 1907 in Lominoj 46. Building which were destroyed were: collective residential building known as the house of Arse Drenovac in 1907, which was located on the corner of Kosovo and Kondina streets; M. House Protića in the yard of Birčaninova street 13;

Street

Ulica Jelisavete Načić is located in the municipality of Stari Grad, on Gundulić Wreath, close to Bajloni market, not far from the building containing workers' housing, which shedesigned. Her street bears it’s current name since 2004. Earlier this street was called Pavle Papa

 Outside links

http://milanmilenkovic.com/2017/01/04/prva-dama-srpske-arhitekture-jelisaveta-nacic/

Original post:

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