how non-linear zuko’s recovery is. it would’ve been easy and dramatic to have zuko do his heel-face-turn at the end of series 2, because the whole season was dedicated to him finding a new place in the world and realising the wrongs of the fire nation. the fact that he actually hits rock bottom at the end of season 2 feels far more real, as well as sending a more important message. when zuko decides to help aang in season 3, it’s a decision he has made completely by himself, not because of circumstance or Iroh’s advice. he’s separated from his uncle, has regained his title of crown prince, and has his father’s (conditional) respect. he’s no longer outcast and making the best of a bad situation, nor doing what his uncle suggests. his time in the earth kingdom with Iroh informs his character development, but at the end of the day, he is the one that manages to get himself out of his toxic mindset, which is one of the most powerful messages about recovery I’ve seen in fiction. 

the way aang and katara’s relationship is handed in season 3. while ‘the day of black sun’ does fall into the trope of aang kissing katara out of nowhere as a bold romantic gesture, I adore that in the ‘ember island players’, when aang tries to kiss her again, they actively challenge it. katara rightfully says that she’s confused and there’s too much going on for her to make sense of her feelings, aang kisses her anyway, and she pushes him away. it’s made clear that aang is in the wrong for disregarding her feelings. when they finally kiss again, it’s katara who initiates, and that teaches a subtle but hugely important message to children about consent. 

the magic system is more than just a bunch of cool powers. each element is tied to a specific philosophy and way of thinking. we get the sense that aang achieving ‘balance’ is about more than mastering powerful abilities - it’s about spending time with multiple cultures, studying multiple perspectives on life, and finding harmony between them.

while the energy bending introduction was a little bit of an ass pull, the final episodes raised an incredibly complex issue - namely, the debate of whether it is ever right to kill. given that it’s a kids’ show, I’ve never been in the camp of thinking that aang should’ve killed ozai, and think there’s a poetic beauty to the fact that - as the last airbender - he refused to relinquish the philosophy of his culture. but the fact that they broached such a controversial topic at all was incredibly bold.

the fact that the characters change appearance throughout the show. it makes them feel far less static, as well as being a great device for conveying the passage of time. 

starting from season 2, they introduce much more variety in motivation among the villains. the fire nation aren’t the only antagonists. we see earthbenders who forcefully trigger the avatar state because they want to end the war as quickly as possible, waterbenders with personal, indiscriminate vendettas, spirits who are removed from human conflicts and wish to protect their own interests. throughout the whole series, we see conflicts between the villains - zhao and zuko competing to catch aang, azula and long feng competing for control over ba sing se. it adds so much complexity and intrigue to the story. 

azula is a hammy, fun-to-hate villain who also manages to feel raw and human. her backstory explains her actions without justifying them. even though we start the series with the utmost sympathy for zuko, by the final series, we come to the realisation that his imperfections and exile are the only things that saved him from becoming like azula. they could’ve made azula’s takedown into a kickass moment full of schadenfreude, but instead it was harrowing, dark, and undeniably tragic.

every single member of the gaang has their own strengths and weaknesses, such that the group would never be able to function without any of them. I particularly appreciate that sokka is never merely delegated the role of dumb comedy side-kick. while we do laugh at his misfortune a lot, his insecurities are thoroughly explored and his tactical skills are crucial throughout the series. he also undergoes a huge character arc rivalled only by zuko’s. 

the writers don’t forget previous events and characters. aside from bringing them back for the invasion in season 3, previous characters are continually addressed, even if just via off-hand comments. I love that aang keeps mentioning hei bai despite them only appearing in one season. I love that kyoshi returns in the season finale to talk again about her conflict with chin the conquerer - as does the avatar who tried to slay ko. I love that Iroh’s redirection of lightning in season 1 becomes hugely relevant in season 2, along with his white lotus tile. I love that the library in which zhao discovered the name of the moon spirit becomes a key focus in the second season, rather than just being a vague plot device. it makes the whole avatar universe feel so much more real, precise and consistent. 

iroh feels genuinely wise. he’s not just a tropey old man whose generic advice is treated as incredible wisdom. even though I first watched avatar as an adult, so much of what iroh says in the series genuinely resonated with me - particularly his point that pride is not the opposite of shame, but its source. he also has his own distinct history, goals, and personality. you get the sense that his wisdom has come from many years of setbacks and self-discovery.

toph’s relatively unchanging character. while many of the characters undergo huge arcs, toph remains fairly unchanged throughout. she grows more comfortable among her companions and realises she doesn’t have to do everything herself, but, at the heart of it, she remains the blunt, stubborn, self-important little goblin girl that she was at the beginning of the series. given that toph has spent most of her life hiding her real desires and talents, this is exactly what her character deserved. it’s also an excellent metaphor for the unchanging nature of her element, earth. 

the gaang never insist that they’re not children. one of the most annoying tropes in children’s shows is when the young protagonists constantly claim they aren’t kids (looking at you, storm hawks), but it is completely absent from avatar. the characters never try to prove that they’re more mature than they are - aang openly acknowledges that he’s just a kid, multiple times. okay, katara does sometimes take it upon herself to be the mother of the group, but the writers explore why that is, as well as making it clear that she’s just as much a child as any of them. I think it’s so important for young viewers to get to watch heroes who are every bit as silly and childish as they are, but who still have real complexity. I also think it adds huge appeal to older viewers, because we never have to roll our eyes at a bunch of bratty kids insisting they’re aren’t children. 

I want us to talk about Percy looking at his brother, Tyson, staring at his only eye, at the strength in his arms and the skin that doesn’t burn, and thinking this is my brother. This is my family. I’m not so different from him.

To talk about Percy who fought another brother inside the Labyrinth and saw skulls of victims killed in the name of Poseidon and listened to his father, this god who has birthed heroes and monsters and gods, tell him Percy was his favorite. Did he ever stay awake at night wondering what that meant?

Percy who can bring the ocean to wherever he is even in the driest desert. Percy who caused an earthquake by accident and ended up freeing a monster that gave even the gods nightmares. Percy who can breathe underwater and controls a sea that doesn’t like to be controlled and creates storms that could bring down ships and destroy lives. Percy who can control anything liquid. Percy who controlled poison and scared even Annabeth who knew him better than any other demigod, who had seen so many terrifying things. Percy who is still so very, very young.

I want to talk about Percy who is the son of the Father of Monsters and has to wonder where that leaves him.

Did he ever stare in the eyes of a monster trying to kill him and think, had things been just a little different I would have been your brother in more than name? Did he ever look at himself in the mirror and wonder if there were any other humans or demigods with that shade of green in their eyes? Does he ever lay at night and listen to Annabeth’s heartbeat and think, had things been different, had he not been raised by his mother, had he been just a little less human, had he not fallen in love, he would have been able to stop it as easily as he could stop the tide?

Let’s talk about Percy Jackson who is the son of the Father of Monsters and therefore that little less human than any other demigod he’s ever met.

Percy who might have stared at Frank and thought, I wonder if I could change my shape, too, if I weren’t so scared of what I might become. I wonder if I already did.

Percy Jackson, who saw himself reflected in the curses of the monsters he killed and thought, suffocating a goddess with her own poison: monsters and I, if we’re the same, then so be it.

Percy who looks like a greek god, who has an expression that makes it hard to be sure if he’s the good guy or not in the middle of a battle, who is a hero and a legend and still wakes up screaming most nights even in college.

Percy who bled red for his entire life but still flinches when he gets a papercut- will he bleed golden, this time, or will it look like sand?

go down a wikipedia research hole by clicking the first term you don’t understand

binge a crashcourse series end to end (personal recs: world history, history of science, big history, philosophy)

find free books on project gutenberg

download some western classics for free

borrow books and audiobooks from the libby app or borrowbox

start a commonplace book

take a khan academy course

browse MIT’s free online course materials

teach yourself to code

go on a google scholar essay dive

try the open access button to avoid some paywalls for academic media, or install unpaywall that does a similar thing

research the history of the place you where you live

tempt the wrath of the duolingo owl and learn a language

search for online streams of the local tv in your target language’s country and use as background noise for immersion points

print and scrapbook favourite poetry and literature quotes

improve your handwriting by doing handwriting exercises

learn philosophy with the philosophize this! podcast. actually just check out all the educational spotify podcasts there are many good ones

start a weekly club with friends to share new and interesting things you’ve learnt that week

clean and reorganise your study space, physical or digital

check out online museums

fave educational youtube channels that I adore: vsauce, crashcourse, smarter every day, kurzgesagt, school of life, tom scott, r. c. waldun, vsauce3, primer, mark rober, veritasium, asapSCIENCE, scishow, TED-ed

The grief and rage of losing a child could burn down the world. - Catelyn Stark (Michelle Fairley) Game of Thrones - Histories & Lore: The Dance of Dragons

At least Lucerys is with Ser Harwin and Lord Lyonel now😭😭😭😭😭😭

RiP Lucerys Velaryon, who died the honorable death of a DragonKnight and DragonRider. May the Stranger bring you peace. 😭😭😭

lyrics from cinema by floater

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our coming-of-age has come and gone