All right. I dove a bit more into what was happening, and:
a. There was an editing war, and evidence suggest it was started by the one who erased (henceforth Eraser) pre-Mandate Palestinians - people like Jesus, Herod, Rabbi Isaac the Smith and Rabbi Israel Ber Odesser first, then the entire list of pre-Mandate Palestinians. Then another editor (henceforth Reverter) reverted it, then it was reverted back by the Eraser. Current version is the one without pre-Mandate Palestinian, whether from before the land was renamed or after. I must say, looking at the edit history Eraser seems to be a bit of a hypocrite. They're accused of not seeking concensus before making this huge edit, but they throw this same accusation back in their last edit. They mentioned nothing about concensus when erasing the list. The list appears to have included a great number of pre-Mandate Palestinians for years prior to the edit - even before October 7th. this says nothing of whether or not this list should be there, just remarking that it was.
b. The purpose of the list, according to the Reverter, is to list people referred to as Palestinians in research and academic papers. Their sources are academic papers referring to the person listed as Palestinian. This includes some people who lived in Judea pre-renaming for some reason. This is an argument I can't get into due to unfamiliarity with the academic papers. I'm of the personal opinion that "Palestinian Talmud" is a terrible name for the Jerusalem Talmud, but this is what it's called in academic circles, sadly. Regarding pre-renaming of Judea people, I don't know if research papers refer to them as Palestinians and if so - where do they put the line. Reverter in the Talk page mentioned ancient Phillistine kings they think should be added, which is an interesting, if questionable, claim. If this is the working definition, including pre-Mandate Palestinians makes sense. Including pre-renaming Judeans is questionable, as is including Phillistines - albeit in a different way.
c. The way Eraser, as well as I, divided the definitions was between a national identity and geographical area. If this list is about national identity, pre-Mandate personalities don't belong in it because the Palestinian national identity didn't exist yet. If it's about geography, descendants of Palestinian refugees who weren't born in Palestine don't belong in it because they didn't live in Palestine. However, the definition according to academic papers is a different matter, because academic papers don't necessarily use one of these standards. Now, supposedly if one dug up papers from the Mandate period or earlier one could find many people not mentioned in this article to be called Palestinians. I don't know where the barrier passes on that. However, since it's based on academics and not specifically either a geographic or national identity, it's hard to refute. Whether or not research papers themselves are biased is, sadly, another matter.
d. What I find truly fascinating about Eraser's first act of erasure (they acted twice prior to Reverter's involvement) is that they seemed to have meticulously and specifically removed the names of post-renaming Jews living in the land. Essentially: there were two tables in the article - one for Mandate onwards Palestinians and one from pre-Mandate Palestinians. Beyond removing all pre-renaming people (with at least one stray post-renaming Christian), Eraser removed almost every Jew appearing on the list between 140 CE and 1920 CE. Considering the Mandate onwards list deliberately excluded Jews (unless they identified as Palestinians, according to the article), this made the list nearly Jew-free except for an example or two that were missed. Their second edit was deleting the pre-Mandate list altogether. This latter edit shows an assumption the list is nationality-based. When this understanding is used to shed light on the previous edit, well... Eraser definitely had an agenda. It just took them time to realize the implication of erasing just the Jews, I think, but it might be something else that moved them to act this way. I didn't compare the dates on the Talk Page, the tweet and the edits, so these may factor in in some ways. If the tweet has some relevant replies I'd be curious.
Now here's the thing: on principal, yes, I think the mixing of different definitions here is a problem. Calling pre-renaming Judeans "Palestinians" is also not great. However, it's possible the issue lies with academia or what is considered a reliable source by Wikipedia. I do think having the list exist this way encourages people to say things like "Jesus was a Palestinian", which is misleading in a number of ways. Except for maybe the reliable source definition, though, Wikipedia isn't going to care about any of that. So the next level of research should be which sources call who "Palestinian", why, and whether it's useful to include said person in the list. The division between pre-Mandate and post-Mandate should be looked into, as well as the lack of one with the renaming. Ancient Phillistines are a different matter that I don't know how to touch. However, if academia by and large is biased against Jews - which is a claim I've seen, though I don't know how true it is - this is going to be a losing fight and there's not much that can be done about it.
Another point is that the category of Palestine has the flag of Palestine on it. In my opinion, that makes this article immediately associated with Pallestine as a modern political entity, thus implying Palestinian nationality on the side of all who are listed. This, IMO, is worrying. But I think I'm starting to get repetitive.
So far, it doesn't seem a concensus of qualified Wikipedia editors has formed. Once that happened there should be a finalized version of the article. We might not like it, but it will be there, and possibly be used to prove "Jesus is a Palestinian". If so, the correct answer is "he's referred to this way in academic sources because the region was known by this name for centuries, though he was born before it was renamed and definitely didn't hold the Palestinian national identity - which isn't what the article is even about". A bit of a mouthful, but accurate.
I don't necessarily agree with Reverter. However, they're not basing this on a person's self identification or nationality (save post-Mandate); rather, they're basing it on academic terminology. Which is a bummer, since the latter seems to be not very consistent.
I'm tired and don't know if I'm coherent, please note that there's more to look into, this is annoying but possibly reasonable. Assuming there are other lists on Wikipedia that work in a similar fashion.