Lutfi's Fanciful Flannelgraph

Secondly Saturniidae is a family of moths, not a species. There are thousands of Saturniids. This looks like a (very oversaturated) photo of a newly molted caterpillar in the Automeris genus, maybe Automeris niepelti or Automeris larra, although there are a handful of Automeris species that are covered in similar spines and difficult to tell apart even as adults.

Even freshly molted they don’t normally look like this. Here’s an unedited photo of a freshly molted Automeris cf. niepelti caterpillar:

Very pretty! I’ve also seen the caterpillar in the original post attributed to the wrong species of adult moth - the small emperor moth, Saturnia pavonia, maybe because of the name? Either way we know what small emperor moth caterpillars look like, and it’s not that.

Here’s the adult male Automeris cf. niepelti:

Photo source/read more about this species here via Bart Coppens.