ΔΟΥΡΙΣ

Crown from the tomb of Philip II of Macedon (382–336 BCE) and the Thracian princess Meda of Odessa (died 336 BCE) in Aigai, Macedonia. Known as the crown of Meda.

Gold and sapphire bead necklace, Hellenistic, 3rd-2nd century BC

Hercules, c. 30 BC - 20, Cleveland Museum of Art: Greek and Roman Art

Half-human, half-divine, not very bright, but very strong, this hero was the most popular of all mythological figures. His intellectual weakness made him a sympathetic figure while his persistence in undergoing great trials was inspirational. Roman artists often portrayed Hercules as middle-aged, as though greater maturity would increase his power andvirility. Hercules slew a monster-lion—the scourge of Nemea—by strangling it and beating it with his olive-wood club. He wears the beast’s pelt as a trophy, and this statuette’s right hand once held a club. Size: Overall: 14.5 x 8 cm (5 11/16 x 3 1/8 in.) Medium: bronze with silver and copper inlays

Piping and Dancing Satyr, 300-100 BC, Cleveland Museum of Art: Greek and Roman Art

Size: Overall: 21 cm (8 ¼ in.) Medium: bronze

Hydria, Antimenes Painter, c. 520 BC, Cleveland Museum of Art: Greek and Roman Art

The styles of the Antimenes Painter and of Psiax were so close that the great vase-painting expert, Sir John Beazley, has referred to them as “brothers.” Both were active in the last decades of the 6th century BC when the new red-figure style came to dominate vase production in Athens, but only Psiax produced vases in black- and red - figure. Some figures on this hydria are very close in style to those on the eye kylix (CMA 1976.89) by Psiax. Both artists delighted in intricate detail and curvilinear designs. Shoulder: Theseus slaying the Cretan Minotaur Main panel: Quadriga (four-horse chariot) and warriors Predella: Lions attacking a doe; two stags. Size: Overall: 43.2 cm (17 in.); Diameter of rim: 24.7 cm (9 ¾ in.); Diameter of foot: 15.2 cm (6 in.) Medium: black-figure terracotta

Monogram of Christ (Chrismon), 500s, Cleveland Museum of Art: Medieval Art

The superimposed Greek letters chi and rho, the first two letters of Christ’s name, was a popular early Christian symbol. The monogram of Christ, or chrismon, is also a powerful symbol of imperial victory: it appeared to Emperor Constantine the Great before his battle against Maxentius in ad 312, promising victory in the name of Christ. Made of gold sheet and decorated with three garnets, it may have formed the center of a golden wreath, serving as a protective device and an emblem of Christian triumph. Size: Overall: 14.8 x 12.1 x 0.7 cm (5 13/16 x 4 ¾ x ¼ in.) Medium: gold sheet, gold wire, and garnets

Drachm, 500-480 BC, Cleveland Museum of Art: Greek and Roman Art

Size: Overall: 1.7 cm (11/16 in.) Medium: silver

Flask, c. 1350-1300 BC, Cleveland Museum of Art: Greek and Roman Art

Size: Diameter: 8.9 cm (3 ½ in.); Overall: 10.4 cm (4 1/8 in.); Diameter of foot: 3 cm (1 3/16 in.) Medium: Cypro-Mycenaean ware

The Atalanta Lekythos (Funerary Oil Jug), Douris, 500-490 BC, Cleveland Museum of Art: Greek and Roman Art

The extraordinary intact conditon of the fragile white ground and the spirited yet delicate drawing have made the vase renowned as one of the finest white ground lekythoi in existence. Atalanta, who would marry only the man who could beat her in a foot race, is here being teased by three Erotes, winged gods of love. Each figure is identified by name: EPOS and ATALANTE. Douris was an Athenian vase painter who was active from about 500–460 BC. Size: Overall: 31.8 cm (12 ½ in.) Medium: painted white-ground terracotta

Monkey Aryballos, c. 580 BC, Cleveland Museum of Art: Greek and Roman Art

Perfume flasks in the form of a monkey are numerous, but few are as well made and preserved as this one. The flask was worn suspended from the wrist by a cord. Its owner would take it to the communal baths and anoint himself with its contents afterward. Such flasks have been found throughout the Mediterranean and Egypt, but this vessel was likely made at a Greek settlement on the west coast of Asia Minor. Size: Diameter of mouth: 2 cm (13/16 in.); Overall: 9 cm (3 9/16 in.); Diameter of base: 3.7 cm (1 7/16 in.) Medium: earthenware with slip decoration