Content warning: Dionysus is linked heavily with sexuality and sexual themes will be prevalent throughout this post.
Also spelled โDionysosโ, he is the Greek god of wine, ecstasy, and theatre to name a few of his areas of expertise. He was later adopted by the Romans who referred to him as Bacchus. Dionysus was known as being โtwice bornโ due to the story of his birth(s).
The story of Dionysusโ birth is a tragedy, beginning his life with his motherโs death. The story goes that Hera caught wind of Semeleโs pregnancy with Zeusโ child and convinced her to ask Zeus to show her his true godly form in order to prove that he really was Zeus. This true form was too much for a mortal to handle and Semele was consumed by fireโor the heat Zeusโ lightning bolts. Not wanting his child to die with her, Zeus sewed Dionysus into his own thigh (thought to mean his testicles).
Demeter (Mother, at times)
Persephone (Mother in Orphic mythos)
HYMENAIOS/Hymenaeus (Son)
PEPARETHOS/Peparethus (Son)
PHLIASOS or PHLIASย (Son)
STAPHYLOS/Staphylus (Son)
Note: Dionysus has many epithets and to create a list of all of them would make this post WAY too long so Iโve added as many as I could while retaining a good length for the post. :,>
Dionysus Eleutheriosย ("the liberator")
Acratophorus,ย แผฮบฯฮฑฯฮฟฯฯฯฮฟฯย ("giver of unmixed wine"), atย Phigaleiaย inย Arcadia
Androgynosย แผฮฝฮดฯฯฮณฯ
ฮฝฮฟฯย (androgynous, specifically in intercourse) referring to the god taking both an active male and a passive female role.
Bassareus,ย ฮฮฑฯฯฮฑฯฮตฯฯย a Thracian name for Dionysus, which derives fromย bassarisย or "fox-skin", which item was worn by his cultists in their mysteries.
Braetes,ย ฮฯฮฑฮฏฯฮทฯย ("related to beer") atย Thrace
Cistophorusย ฮฮนฯฯฮฟฯฯฯฮฟฯย ("basket-bearer, ivy-bearer"), Alludes To baskets being sacred to the god.
Dimetorย ฮฮนฮผฮฎฯฯฯย ("twice-born") Refers to Dionysus's two births.
Dendritesย ฮฮตฮฝฮดฯฮฏฯฮทฯย ("he of the trees"), as a fertility god.
Enorchesย ("with balls"), with reference to his fertility, or "in the testicles" in reference to Zeus' sewing the baby Dionysus "into his thigh", understood to mean his testicles). Used inย Samosย andย Lesbos.
Iacchus,ย แผผฮฑฮบฯฮฟฯย a possible epithet of Dionysus, associated with theย Eleusinian Mysteries. Inย Eleusis, he is known as a son ofย Zeusย andย Demeter. The name "Iacchus" may come from the ฮฮฑฮบฯฮฟฯ (Iakchos), a hymn sung in honor of Dionysus.
Lenaius,ย ฮฮทฮฝฮฑแฟฮฟฯย ("god of the wine-press")
Phleusย ("related to the bloฮฟm of a plant").
Pseudanorย ฮจฮตฯ
ฮดฮฌฮฝฯฯ (literally "false man", referring to his feminine qualities), inย Macedonia.
Tauros, ฮคฮฑแฟฆฯฮฟฯย ("a bull"), occurs as a surname of Dionysus.
Dionysus may have been worshipped as early as c. 1500โ1100 BC byย Mycenaean Greeks.
After birth Dionysus was said to have been sent to be cared for by Nymphs at Mount Nysa, the identities of these Nymphs varies by source.
His wife, Ariadne, was abandoned by Theseus on the island of Naxos. In some myths she is slain and/or ascends to immortality to live with her husband on Mt. Olympus.
Once he was an adult, Dionysus traveled to the underworld to bring his mother back with him to Olympus where itโs said that Zeus then turned her into the goddess ThyoneโGoddess of the Bacchic frenzy that his female followers experience.
Dionysus is regularly found with groups of satyrs and maenads.
Another name the Greeks had for Dionysus was Bacchus, this was the name the Romans would later adopt for the god. Bacchus means โthe noisy or riotous godโ, fitting for this buck-wild deity! (Said with affection, of course.)
Along with wine, ecstasy, and theatre, Dionysus was known as a god of vegetation, madness, and frenzy along with quite a few other specializations.
Once a group of pirates kidnapped Dionysus who planned to sell him as a slave (or other unsavory things, depending on the myth); he overran their boat with creeping vines and beasts, and caused the men to go insane, then turned them into dolphins as they jumped overboard.
Dionysus has been depicted in many ways over time but two prevalent depictions are either him as an androgynous youth or an old, bearded man.
Apparently Dionysus hates owls; rather he hates the โsight of an owlโ (Theoi)
As Bacchus he was commonly depicted as having ram or bull horns.
Dionysus had many cults throughout the ancient world including not just Greece, but in Scythia, Eastern Europe, Libya, North Africa and Gaul, Southern France as well.
These are not all historically accurate. Anything that has a background in ancient tradition will be marked with a (T).
Amethyst (it was believed that this stone could protect you from drunkenness)
Pinecone & Pine tree (due to his staff being tipped with a pinecone) (T)
Fawns (his followers were said to wear fawn-skins)
Objects or imagery of the aforementioned items and animals
Go buck-wild (half joking here)
Attend, write, or act in a play (T)
Sign, create, or recite Hymns to Dionysus (T)
Protect or be an ally for queer, androgynous, and gender non-conforming folks
As the god of comedy he'd also probably enjoy stand-up comedians just sayin
Be yourself!! Dionysus is especially known to love on outcasts.
All in all, how you interact with a deity is up to you, these are simply a few suggestions for you based on my readings!
References and Further Reading
The Bacchae - Ancient-Literature
The Masque of Dionysus by Helene P. Foley
The Frogs - Aristophanes (wiki summary, but there are free pdfs of the translated story!)
Misc Myths: Dionysus - Overly Sarcastic Productions
Ecstasy and Possession: The Attraction of the Women to the Cult of Dionysus
