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@tinydetective21
The simple things are also the most extraordinary things, and only the wise can see them.
Paulo Coelho (via goodreadss)

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an educational graphic about critical thinking for tumnblr
The all important journalist questions, and then some.
A missing line from Why:
âIf you really want to be a critical reader, it turns out you have to step back one step further, and ask not just whether the author is telling the truth, but why heâs writing about this subject at all.â
That is an excellent addition.
One other one for How: âhow could this be exploited by someone acting in bad  faith?â Closely coupled with a What: âwhat are the limits on the ill-effects this could produce?â
And a quick check for double standards: âwho, or what, is the speaker not applying this principle to?â
(This is also a great guide for interrogating historical documents such as, say, a constitution, a press release, a speech, a letter, a diary, a bill of rights, political policies, &c)
I need to grab this and adapt this for my little filmmaking courses.Â
Because these questions are equally indispensible when YOU are the author of the script, the book, the story, the speech.
Deduction Story 4
I was at the way to school when a couple got my attention because the girl seemed sad. So I watched. They went into the bus and sad down. The first thing the boy does was that he kissed her, but in a strange manner. He kissed her on the temple by pulling her to him in a rough manner. As he done that she closed her eyes. I though that this was a sign of suppressing something but I wasnât sure. Nothing âdirectlyâ happend in the next minutes so I deduced a bit about them. He was the typical sports guy asshole type. He was sitting with the legs pulled apart widely. One arm around her back in a tight grip around her. His bag on the other chair next to him. He was obviously occupying more space then a ânormalâ person would so I deduced that he was the âAlpha Guyâ that claims and owns what he wants or rather he wants to be that guy. He was also a extroverted person and not much agreeable deduce from his body language and clothing (for more information I recommend The Monograph). So this also confirms my theory. Looking at her she was also extroverted but seemed unpleasant and stiff with the situation and in her face was sadness and fear. After I deduce that he pulled her again to himself. Again she closed her eyes as when she was suppressing sadness, fear or something like that. I was watching at them more and more and it got more clear that there was something unpleasant with her being in his surroundings. He was also sporty, I forgot to say. I asked myself the question why she has fear of him. Beating her up? Aggressive? Maybe. I came to the conclusion that he was probably an angry, owning person and the girl wanted to break up with him but is scared what could happen when she does. Also what I could mention was that there wasnât much love stuff was going on between them. So that was the Deduction Story for today. And thank you to you MT for reading it and probably correction me in the comments ;).Â
doesnât let me comment so you get to see the reblog with corrections, along with all my followers. Anyways, you missed the obvious with the guy, problems at home, not very decent relationship with parents, as well as parents having a bad relationship among the two, good economical stability, they were always concerned with his approval (yes, the parents seek the kidâs approval, happens more often than you think), no aggressiveness, onto the girl. Her parents have a good relationship with her, her mother stays at home and her father works, good economical stability, she has a small circle of close friends, and her patience is basically unbreakable, sheâs been disappointed and even âbackstabbedâ by her friends multiple times, she seeks their approval tho, given that she suffered from mild bullying when she was young and this leads to her confidence dropping when she thinks someone is so much as annoyed with her. The guy has a serious masturbation problem and the girl has regular panic attacks every 2 months or so
Deduction lesson 5 part 2/3
âThe Noteâ
To demonstrate the building theory weâll use what i think is one of the most impressive and most elaborate deduction  in the whole Sherlock series. The note deduction from The Lying Detective (this also includes the deduction about Faithâs suicidal tendencies, as they are relevant to the noteâs deduction)
i will now paste the whole explanation of the deduction as made by Sherlock in the show and then weâll break it down
SHERLOCK (pointing down towards her feet): Your skirt. Look at the hem of it! Thatâs what I noticed. Those markings. Do you see them? You only get marks like that by trapping the hem of your skirt in a car door but theyâre on the left-hand side, so you werenât driving; you were in the passenger seat. FAITH: I came in a taxi. SHERLOCK: There is no taxi waiting in the street outside. Thatâs what I checked when I went to the window. And youâve got all the way to the door and not made any move to phone for one, and look at you. You didnât even bring a coat â in this rain? Now, well, that might mean nothing, except for the angle of the scars on your left forearm; you know, under that sleeve that you keep pulling down. (Looking down, Faith reaches across and pulls her left sleeve down.) FAITH (looking up again): Y-you never saw them. SHERLOCK: No, I didnât, so thank you for confirming my hypothesis. Donât really need to check that the angleâs consistent with self-harm, do I? FAITH: No. SHERLOCK: Then you can keep your scars. I want to see your handbag. FAITH: Why? SHERLOCK: Itâs too heavy. You said I was your last hope and now youâre going out into the night with no plan on how youâre getting home ⌠and a gun.
SHERLOCK: You see the fold in the middle? For the first few months you kept this hidden, folded inside a book. Must have been a tightly packed shelf, going by the severity of the crease. So obviously you were keeping it hidden from someone living in the same house at a level of intimacy where privacy could not be assumed conclusion: relationship. Not any more, though thereâs a pinprick at the top of the paper. for the past few months itâs been on open display on a wall. Conclusion: relationship is over. The paperâs been exposed to steam and a variety of cooking smells ⌠So it must have been on display in the kitchen. Lots of different spices. Youâre suicidal, alone and strapped for cash, yet youâre still cooking to impress. Youâre keen, then. The kitchen is the most public room in any house, but since any visitor could be expected to ask about a note like this, I have to assume you donât have any. Youâve isolated yourself.
FAITH: How did you know my kitchen was tiny? SHERLOCK (showing her the paper): Look at the fading pattern on the paper. Itâs not much but itâs enough to know your kitchen window faces east. Now, kitchen noticeboards ⌠(He walks a few paces into the road and draws a rectangle in the air.) By instinct we place them at eye level where thereâs natural light. Now look: the sunâs only struck the bottom two thirds ⌠But the line is straight, so that means we know the paper is facing the window. (He turns and walks a few paces away from the floating imaginary board. He draws another rectangle. He turns and walks back to the noticeboard, which now has sunlight streaming onto it.) But because the top section is unaffected we know the sunlight can only be entering the room at a steep angle. If the sunlight was able to penetrate the room when the sun was lower in the sky then the paper would be equally faded top to bottom. But no. It only makes it when the sun is at its zenith, so Iâm betting that you live in a narrow street on the ground floor. Now, if steeply angled sunlight manages to hit eye level on the wall opposite the window, then what do we know about the room? The roomâs small.
FAITH: Sex. How did you know I wasnât ⌠getting any? SHERLOCK: Itâs all about the blood. (Close-up of the bloodstain on the paper, which Sherlock now gestures to.) This one comes from the very first night. You can see the pen marks over it. I think you discovered that pain stimulated your memory, so you tried it again later. Iâm no expert, but I assume that since your lover failed to notice an increasing number of scars over a period of months, that the relationship was no longer intimate. FAITH: How do you know he didnât notice? SHERLOCK : Oh, well, because he would have done something about it.
Great, so we have the deduction, letâs break it down.
Materials: Observations
Faith
Marks on right side of hem of the skirt
No taxi outside
No move to phone taxi
No coat
Pulling sleeve down
Handbag too heavy
Note
Note with compromising message
Severe fold in the middle
Pinprick
Exposure to steam
Exposure to various cooking smells
Fading pattern, straight line, affected bottom 2/3
Blood stain, pen marks over it
now to start building
Base: Simple deductions/Observations
Faith
marks on right side of hem of skirt = passenger
pulling sleeve = hiding something
handbag too heavy = unusual object
no coat + no taxi = unprepared
no move to phone taxi = doesnât care
Note
Fold = hidden
pinprick = on display, eye level
Severity = months, inside book
1+3 = No privacy = relationship
Steam + cooking smells = kitchen, keen cook
Fading pattern + straight line = facing window on opposite wall
bottom 2/3 affected = light comes in at a steep angle
Blood stain + pen marks = first night
now to the next level
Level 1: elaborate deductions/escalation from base
Faith
hiding something on sleeve = scars (probability, backed up by unprepared)
unprepared = no plan to get home
Note
hidden to displayed = relationship over
compromising message + displayed on kitchen (public space) = no visitors, isolation
light comes in at an angle + doesnât affect top part = sun canât reach it at a low point in the sky
level 2: escalation from level 1/complexity increases
Faith
scars + no plan to get home + doesnât care + isolation = depression, suicidal
scars + blood on note = pain stimulates memory
Note
sun canât reach it at a low point in the sky = obstacle, just reaches window at zenith
level 3: close to ending, escalation from level 2/complexity increases
Faith
depression + no plan to get home + doesnât care + unusual object in handbag + suicidal = gun
pain stimulates memory + increasing number of scars + no action taken by partner = not aware of scars, no sex
Note
just reaches window at zenith + obstacle = narrow street, ground floor
steep angled sunlight + hits wall opposite at eye level + narrow street + ground floor = small kitchen
Deduction lesson 5 part 1/3
âThe Buildingâ
And so we finally get to the lesson that makes everything fit together to build (pun intended) an elaborate and complex deduction, so if everyone is ready, letâs get to it, shall we?
The best way iâve found to understand and explain the different stages of deduction is to compare it to a simple building. when deducing you slowly start your building. Now, obviously you canât start a building by making the roof, or the middle levels, no, buildings have an organised structure, the more elaborate this structure and the better quality the materials used to build it are, the longer the building will stay standing. And thatâs what we want, to keep our building standing
So how do we build it? how do we build a deduction? well like with any other building, the first thing you have to do is get the materials, after all, you canât make bricks without clay. The better quality these materials are, better quality our deduction will have, and the longer this building will stay standing. These materials are, of course, observations, all the information we can gather about the situation, person, or object being deduced by using our senses
Now we have materials, good, but how do we actually build anything? For starters, any structure needs a base, some place it can rest all its weight on, so we start there. This base will be the âobviousâ deductions, the basic ones, combined with the observations we make, such as âright handedâ, âdark clothesâ, or âworn out shoesâ. With these simple deductions we lay out the base of our building, every deduction weâll make from here up will treat all of these statements, be it a deduction or an observation, as a fact, as these well be what will hold up all our other deductions. Â
We have our base, now what? This is where the concept of this whole metaphor, and this whole lesson for that matter, starts. Much like a building, every deduction can be broken down into levels (floors) each of these levels have an increasing level of difficulty and number of factors affecting it, as you go up through these levels you build your deduction into more complex conclusions, therefore giving you more information. Back to the building metaphor, This is when you start making the simple, yet useful deductions, such as wet coat means rain, or under coat collar is wet means strong wind
So this is good, so far youâve built a base and a first floor, in other words we have a bunch of facts and small, basic deductions, so letâs take it one step further and make a decent, elaborate deduction, a second floor. Now, obviously this floor isnât just resting on the base as the first one is, itâs resting on the first floor too, so we have to take this into account, base the next deductions on the ones weâve made for the first floor, just as we did with the base, after all, when we deduce weâre using logic to gather the maximum amount of information possible on whatever it is weâre focusing on. So it only makes sense if we take these as facts, it also just makes our job easier. Now all we have to do is deduce from these facts, just as we would from any observation, if its been raining and the coat is reasonably wet it means the person has been under the rain for a reasonable amount of time, which means she hasnât been in a car, which depending on the hour could tell you where she works or where she lives, or many other stuff. But you see the point, escalating is key, and for that you just have to treat your deductions like another observation, adding more levels to the building. The third level would be harder, it could personal knowledge, and mix it up with Deduction by Knowledge,these deductions would escalate from level two and so on
Now we know a building will be as tall as you allow it to escalate, the deduction can be as big and detailed as you allow it to progress, you can build a simple, small building with 3 or 4 floors. Which would mean a small, basic, general deduction, nothing too fancy.
Or you could have a tall, elaborate, fancy building, that stands out from the rest of the city
You do have to take into account the following when building a large, complex deduction. A building is only as good as the amount of time it manages to stay standing, itâs no use making a 40 floor building if itâs poorly constructed and will tumble down seconds after being built. Basically what iâm saying is, there is no point in making a huge elaborate deduction if itâs full of biases, if you jump to conclusions all the time, if your reasoning makes no sense at all. Your building needs to be good quality, earthquake-proof, and if the materials are the information, the base is the obvious deduction, and the floors are the rest of the deductions, the structure will be our logic and reasoning. If our logic is sane and it makes sense, it follows balance of probability and isnât biased, the structure will be strong and itâll allow us to build a very tall building without the risk of it crumbling down

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you should all read this, itâs really interesting! :)
Hello fellow Deductionists
Iâm the new member of Amateur Deductions, i have a lot of ideas for future posts, and definitely a lot of surprises to help the deduction community, iâm exited to help develop this skill. Just some stuff about me, iâve been practicing deduction for 4 years now, iâve been a member of The Deduction Network since itâs beginning (it has helped all of us to get so much better), i also have a main blog dedicated to deduction called sherlockholmes1928 so iâll do everything i can think of to teach, learn and develop the science. Iâll do my best to answer any and every question both in this blog and on my main one, that being said, letâs get to it then
-MT
We are ...
I am since I am was born. I was the kid that was just different. I think that this is the word. We are different. People who ask instead of being still and quiet. People who wanne learn. People who are thinking. People that are normally different then the rest. People who ask questions no one thinks about or wants to ask. We are saying, what we are thinking. We are people who doing things people canât imagine. We are we. We are deductionistâs. Thinker -Me
Your handwriting. The way you walk. Which china pattern you choose. Itâs all giving you away. Everything you do shows your hand. Everything is a self portrait. Everything is a diary.
Chuck Palahniuk (via wordsnquotes)
OCEAN or Big Five
Big Five via Wikipedia: âThe Big Five personality traits, also known as the five factor model (FFM), is a model based on common language descriptors of personality. When factor analysis (a statistical technique) is applied to personality survey data, some words used to describe aspects of personality are often applied to the same person. For example, someone described as âconscientiousâ is more likely to be described as âalways preparedâ rather than âmessyâ. This theory is based therefore on the association between words but not on neuropsychological experiments. This theory uses descriptors of common language and therefore suggests five broad dimensions commonly used to describe the human personality and psyche.[1][2] The five factors have been defined as openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism, often represented by the acronyms OCEAN or CANOE. Beneath each proposed global factor, a number of correlated and more specific primary factors are claimed. For example, extraversion is said to include such related qualities as gregariousness, assertiveness, excitement seeking, warmth, activity, and positive emotions.[3] â
In short it is a model of personality traits divided into 5 Groups: Openness to experience ( O ) , Conscientiousness ( C ) , Extraversion ( E ) , Agreeableness ( A ) and Neuroticism ( N ). This builds the acronym OCEAN. Normally a test is used to get the results. These get compared with a average value in the group. So you can make a graph and see what your personality is. To use this in day to day life for example for deduction I use a method which I call the âTo 10 Methodâ. Its is as simple as it sounds I give every group a value from 0 to 10. Zero in O is for example no openness to experience and vice verse for every group. So now you know how I do it but what about is every group? I getting into every group one at the time.Â
Openness to experience: + curious, open to emotion, willing to try new things + general appreciation for art, creativity, awareness of feelings + full of ideas, quick understanding of feelings
- not interested in abstraction, not good at imagination - difficult in understanding abstract ideas
Conscientiousness: + self discipline, act dutifully, control, not impulsiv + planning, always prepared, attention to detail
- leaving belongings around - make a mess of things
Extraversion: + engagement with the external world, surgency + active, like to talk, assert themselves + center of attention, comfortable around people
- donât talk a lot, think before speak - donât like attention
Agreeableness: + social harmony, getting along with others, generous trusting + they get considered kind, soft heart, feel others emotions + make people feel at ease
- insulting people, not interested in others - little concern for others
Neuroticism: + stressed out easily, upset easily + frequent mood swings
- relaxed most of the time, seldom feel blue
Summary:
O: - conservative, cautiously | + inventive, curious C: - unconcerned, carelessly | + effective, organized E: - reserved, guardedly | + sociable A: - competitive, antagonistic | + friendly, cooperative, sympathetic N: - self-assured, calmly | + emotional, vulnerable

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Important parts of deduction
Hello.. So Iâm posting more tips because I donât know what else to post.
IMPORTANT I just wanted to start off saying that you donât need to force yourself into deduction, there are so much more areas like psychology, abduction, induction, etc. You should do what you want to do, because itâll help a lot while youâre developing.
Observation
I donât really have much tips on how to be more observant, because I naturally am already, BUT, you can control what you can identify. For example, you see a white stain, you should go further into it, and identify what it is. Is it toothpaste? Sunblock? You get my point.
Thought process
To be honest, I think that you should first try to understand yourself, and spend time in your mind. This way, you can get to know your mind, and you can identify your thought process. This is important because it is scientifically proven that no two minds are the same. So, if you try to fit someone elseâs thought process into yours, it wonât be as effective.
During deduction, I like to try and disprove my deductions, just keep disproving and disproving until you canât think of more defenses. Donât be too confident with yourself, and DONT EVER be biased. Ever.
Conclusions
When you conclude, you have to make sure that it isnât too out of the box. Make sure that it is realistic, and then review your deductions to make sure they all line up.
Try to make your own technique if you can. But, keep in mind that you have to respect the process of deduction, and stick to the process.
Again, you donât have to force yourself into deduction, there are way more areas, but if you are serious about it, go ahead! :) i hope this helped and you can ask questions and suggestions if youâd like.
Deduction Lesson 4
Cause and effect
When you look at it, ultimately deduction isnât more than very educated guesses. But thereâs something deduction has that guesses donât quite cover, deduction has a certain process, it doesnât just consist of saying the first thing that comes to mind. Deduction has a beauty to it, it follows the collection and processing of facts and evidence to get to the conclusion, while it also does integrate more steps and aspects to it such as observation or balance of probability, these are the two steps weâre focusing on today. Recollection of facts, and drawing conclusions
Everyone learning or practicing deduction has to understand, itâs just a matter of cause and effect, if you learn to understand and play with these two terms thereâs virtually no limit to what anyone can know. In traditional deduction, the one we see in most episodes of shlock, and the one we have to learn to deal with first, these two terms are inverted. When presented with a situation in which you want to deduce as Sherlock, you have to realise, everything youâre observing is an effect, and as any effect, it has a cause. The point of deduction is to work back to how this effect came to be. sometimes its obvious like smelling spices and realising an object spent a lot of time in the kitchen, other times thereâs a bit more reasoning to it, but an example for this would be too long, so instead youâll realise what i mean in a minute.
So how does one work backwards if all you have if the outcome of an action? well the same way you can know itâs rained by looking at the floor instead of the sky, there are some clues that are unique to certain objects or scenarios, isolate those. These are simple things, that when combined give a bigger picture, and narrow down your search for a cause, for example wet means thereâs a liquid involved, pin breaks mean display, spice smell means lots of spices around. and these alone donât get you very far, but if you combine them you can think of the following. Spices usually mean kitchen, display with a pin means the object was displayed at eye level, which also means it was easy to see, and how does an object get wet hanging at eye level in the kitchen? steam, so we know the object in question was displayed in the kitchen, very visible, very close to where this person cooks, and itâs important because they need to see it daily at eye level every time they cook. this was an incredibly small example, but iâm using it for a reason, next lesson weâll look at Sherlockâs note deduction in âThe lying detectiveâ as itâs a great example for the next topic.Â
Something i always recommend is always assume your deductions and conclusions are correct, and treat them as facts, no matter how small or big they are. Not because theyâre aways going to be right, but because if you follow a logical train of thought they shouldnât be wrong. Also because these deductions are not the last step, thereâs still things to work with. You donât have to think youâre always right, itâs just hard to operate under the opposite assumption, thinking youâre right and acting on it will get you places, thinking youâre wrong will just lead you to be wrong because youâll look for other possibilities or conclusions
Well this was a short but incredibly important lesson, and i think a nice continuation after the small hiatus. I hope these lessons are helping everyone, i have a lot of fun posting them. The note deduction will come next lesson, so if you havenât seen that episode i recommend you do. if anyone has any questions, you know iâll answer to the best of my ability
The Deduction network: Members update
Some time has passed since we launched the network, and itâs been an interesting journey, weâve all had fun, we continue to learn from each other, and weâve all gotten to know each other a bit better by now. Below is a list of all the members. Some people have left, others have joined, over all, itâs always fun to have new members around. Note that the two usernames under amateur-deductions are the admins.
@amateur-deductions @somuchstufftodo @xavierwilliams @thedeductionnetwork @astudyinpictures @mad-hatter-of-the-mind @tinydetective21 @sherlockholmes1928 @astudyinscarlet @the-c0nsulting-criminal @anotherpracticingdeductionist @christhemindguy @drspencer-reid @justaboredmind @thescienceofabduction @thescienceofdeductionsh @penny-and-dime @harrlson-wells @deductionjournal @theartoftheconsultingdetective
Itâs nice to see this community grow and practice the science, it makes everything a little easier, and way more fun
We always welcome new members, donât be afraid to join, if you have any questions you can always contact me or send a message to the network blog. Itâs a great opportunity to learn deductions, doesnât matter how experienced you are, we all range in abilities and we learn from each other, and since the network started, weâve improved tremendously.
-MT
Deduction lesson 3
âObviouslyâ
Okay, so weâve learned about the concept of Deduction and about observation and what to look for, time to start drawing conclusions. This is when things get fun. Itâs also when people start making a ridiculous amount of mistakes, so iâm going to give all you some precious advice to guide you in the right direction when you start
How many times has anyone heard Sherlock say âobviousâ? Think about it, he uses this word pretty loosely. Think about every time youâve read or heard a deduction, be it from me, Sherlock, or any other deductionist out there, think about how unbelievable and confusing the deduction sounds. Now think about  the moment when the deduction and the thought process are explained, you should notice both the way it all fits together, how everything has an explanation and a logic basis that leads to a conclusion, and, specially, the simplicity of the facts and connections that lead from one conclusion to another.Â
Why specifically? because this is exactly what this lesson is about, the main problem when people start learning deductions is they overcomplicate themselves. They see how Sherlock or any other deductionist achieves these amazing and huge deductions, which sometimes appear completely unrelated with the facts and evidence given to them, and they want to replicate these results, without realising thereâs an extremely long chain of thought connecting facts, deductions, conclusions, probability, and many other factors, just to get to that single amazing deduction that is presented to whoeverâs listening. Now you have to understand, long doesnât mean overly complicated, after all deduction is, at itâs core, just logic.Â
All you have to do is go for the logical and probable conclusions. Once you observe the evidence think of questions like âhowâd this get here?â âwhat does this mean?â âwhy did this get here?â etc. and answer them in a logical, obvious way, this will get you further than you may think hereâs an example from Sherlockâs deductions
(A Study in Pink, 1x01, Jennifer Wilson (pink lady) deduction)
fact: her coat is wet
why is it wet? she probably was under the rain
fact: thereâs an unused umbrella in her left hand pocket
why not use her umbrella if sheâs under the rain? something probably  isnât letting her use her umbrella, what is it? it could be any number of things
fact: under her coat collar itâs wet
why would it be wet under a coat collar which is usually turned down? obviously because it wasnât turned down, why? probably because of strong wind, which would explain why she didnât use her umbrella
fact: her coat is wet, no rain in local area recently
we know she probably was standing under heavy rain and strong wind, we know those conditions havenât been present in our local area, so sheâs obviously not from there, but we know she canât be from very far away because her coat is still wet, and a wet coat would take approximately 2 or 3 hours to dry, all we need to do now is to check the weather within the radius of 2 or 3 hours of travel time, this would tell us where sheâs from
(Bold = facts and deductions)
You can see how from little pieces of information we fill out blanks until we end up with way bigger chunks of information. and this continues, as these are new facts, which in turn could trigger more deductions, giving us even more information, but more on that on the next 2 lessons. Now you have layed out how we get from seemingly unrelated facts, to crazy and unexpected conclusions, not by making huge leaps, but with little steps and following trains of thought. itâs extremely important to remember this, if you donât youâll find yourself jumping to conclusions that are usually total nonsense. NEVER JUMP TO CONCLUSIONS, always have evidence and a logical and at least fairly obvious reasoning to ALL of your deductions.Â
With that, the basics of starting to draw conclusions and make deductions are done. The next two lessons will focus on how to go from these small and simple deductions to being able to write paragraphs about single objects, and have at the very least 70% of all your deductions correct, also how to keep track of the amount of deductions youâll get right when you deduce about anything and use that to your advantage. During the next lessons i am going to use as an example a deduction sherlock makes about a piece of paper in âThe Lying Detectiveâ (4x02), during the first 30 or so minutes of the episode, if you havenât seen the deduction yet, i suggest you go watch it. Itâs a great scene, and iâll be using it as an example as it explains the points iâm going to make better than any other. If you have any questions donât hesitate to send them, iâll answer gladly
Deduction Lesson 2
Observation
Iâm sure most of you have already read a lot of posts about observation, and are now thinking âGod, not this againâ. but iâll try to make this one as different as possible, letâs go through the basics quickly. Observation is the first step in deduction, it consists on gathering as much information about the situation or object at hand as you possibly can, thatâs why i donât just mean looking at something, but listening, touching, and sometimes even smelling and tasting. Now most people tell you focus on getting all the small details about everything, and donât get me wrong, this is incredibly important and you should try to focus on any small detail you can find, the more details you find the more âclayâ you have to build your âbricksâ, but ultimately this will come naturally as you progress in deduction.
But i know the frustration of being told to observe and not knowing what to look for, iâve been there myself. The answer to that question is everything, and this is what people donât tell you. Thereâs nothing specific you gotta be looking for, this is just observation, this is just getting the clay for your bricks, and itâs as simple as thinking âwhat can i see?â (or smell or touch, etc.), it just consists of raw information. For example, statements like the man has a red tie or the tie has a small coffee stain at the bottom. And thatâs all you have to do while in the stage of observing. my advice would be, donât overcomplicate it, you have to observe, just do that, no conclusions, no deductions, nothing, just observing, just gathering data. But obviously, youâre not a computer, you canât store unlimited amounts of observations and information all in 30 or 40 seconds, not even in 5 minutes. If you try to observe and take note of everything you can possibly see or smell or touch, etc. About an object or person or situation, youâll end up very confused (unless youâre actually writing them down). So my recommendation is, take it step by step, object by object, if youâre looking at a tie, stick with the tie, if you feel you can move to another object without getting mixed up and remembering all the things you took note of, then go ahead, but donât mix more than 3 objects together, this will come later on in the process of deduction. you should take it bit by bit, observe 3 objects, deduce from them, move to the next 3, deduce from them, and so on. Until youâre more experienced in the process. Obviously for now just observe the objects and donât deduce, because we still have to cover a lesson on drawing conclusions.
Assumptions
Donât try to do it quickly, take your time, the quicker you try to do it the more youâre going to jump to conclusions, as much as Sherlock does it in seconds, youâll learn to get to that level with practice. When we observe our brain starts jumping to conclusions automatically, this may be quite dangerous as it they, more often than not, are wrong, but you must remember, thereâs always a base for these assumptions, your brain is making some kind of connection between something youâre seeing and a piece of information you already have, and this base may be able to lead you somewhere. As for the actually assumption, it is after all an idea, and you canât kill an idea, unfortunately. What you can do though, is disprove it. When faced with an assumption, donât try to forget about it, it only makes you think about it more, like telling you not o think of a pink elephant. Instead try to look for evidence that points towards or away from said assumption, if the evidence doesnât point towards it, just discard it, mark it as incorrect. This is good, as it lets you eliminate the impossible and organise the improvable.
Biases
The nightmare of every deductionist, a bias is basically your emotions and opinions playing a part in the logical process. While there is a part of deduction that requires emotion, the logical aspect of it must be kept away from these, how do you do that? create a âbubbleâ of sorts, around your bias. Every fact and deduction that favours that bias, must go through a âmoisturisingâ process to go through that bubble, this would mean, checking the facts to see if your deduction or observation is being affected by said bias. Following the example of the tie, if you think said tie is ugly, you have to check the facts, is this tie ugly just for me, or do most people think it looks stupid? if itâs just me, i canât incorporate that as a fact, itâs just my opinion, and in a deduction it has no value Therefore getting rid of the bias. Thereâs a chance that the bias may lead you somewhere, if youâre not the only one that thinks said tie is ugly, then you can use this to a certain extent as a fact, stating that this tie is considered ugly or stupid by most people. Giving you a proper observation
Thatâs it for today, guys. Weâre slowly getting the basics out of the way, if there are any questions, iâm happy to help, next class will be posted soon, until then, have fun observing, and donât be afraid to follow any exercises you find or using a notebook, after all it just speeds up the process of getting better at deduction.

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Deduction Lesson 1
Introduction to Deduction
So as we all know, deduction is the process of gathering evidence and data to come to conclusions about anything and anyone. But what makes it so special and impressive is the ridiculous amount of information you can get from every day items, people donât seem to think itâs possible to get so many facts and and such accurate conclusions just by looking at people or objects. But you have to understand, it is after all, just a method of reasoning and processing information, and it is possible to get to Sherlockâs level and even further.
Now, letâs break down deduction to make it easier. You can break it down into two types, Deduction by logic, and Deduction by knowledge. While both of them are very important to make the most out of your deductions, one of them is impossible to teach, that would be Deduction by knowledge, as thereâs no process, just gather information and about anything that may seem important and relevant to a scenario, and use it.
Deduction by Logic
My personal favourite, it consists of anything you can deduce about a person, object or situation, by using no more than the  common knowledge you have and, as the name suggests, logic. The process is relatively simple and very effective, it can be applied to any and every situation and youâll always be able to draw accurate conclusions if done correctly. A good example of this is the scene in âA Study in Pinkâ where Sherlock notices john is tanned, this obviously means heâs been abroad, but there is no tan above his wrists, meaning he didnât go sunbathing. You can clearly see how simple the reasoning is, and how little amount of special knowledge it took to get there, but it does get you to an important conclusion. This on a larger scale will give you very impressive deductions.
Deduction by Knowledge
This type of deduction is simply based in any fact you have stored in your memory, as a deductionist, i usually use a mind palace to store large amounts of information and facts that are later on useful in deduction. Sherlock did this too in âThe Hounds of Baskervilleâ you can see him cycle through various subjects and pieces of knowledge related to said case, that he had stored over the years or over the process of solving the case. This type of deduction is very effective and it may lead you to conclusions that could be hard or impossible to reach via Deduction by logic. But itâs only downside itâs the fact that itâs limited to the amount of knowledge you have about the topic at hand when the deduction is taking place, and if the knowledge stored is not enough you may need to resort to Deduction by logic, as Deduction by knowledge wonât get you far, and your deductions may be incredibly limited.
You should always try to keep these two as balanced as possible to make the best out of your resources at the moment of deducing. i like to think of both as a scale from 1-10 they should both be at the same rating, if possible. If this is not the case, you should always have one compensate the other, for example Deduction by knowledge being at a rating of about 3 and Deduction by logic at a rating of about 7, that way you always keep it balanced. how to measure it? I usually compare both of these ratings to other deductionists. you may find your own method, if you feel like itâs more effective, donât be afraid to share it, i could always improve myself.
That would be all for the introduction, tomorrow i will post the first actual class or lesson, weâll look at observation. I know it sounds repetitive, but believe me, iâve made it so that it stands out and helps a bit more than the usual posts in observation. As always if you have any questions, do ask, iâm always glad to help anyone willing to learn deduction.
I HAVE SEEN EVERYTHING BEFORE ME... EVERYTHING WILL END. YOU ARE LOST AND I KNOW YOU. ASK ABACUS.
OkayâŚ? Iâll make sure to contact AbacusâŚ?