Gyroscopesare entertaining toys and incredibly useful tools. They retain their balance and resist changes to their orientation as long as their flywheel is spinning. As the flywheel slows or stops, the gyroscope wobbles out of control and ultimately quits. Considering their design and function, it’s easy to find parallels between gyroscopes and living systems. Consistent energy inputs keep living…
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Seeds house and protect infant plants. When released from their parent plant, they commence a journey that, if successful, will bring them to a suitable location where they can take up residence (upon germination) and carry out a life similar to that of their parents. Their seed coats (and often – in the case of angiosperms– the fruits they were born in) help direct them and protect them in this…
In 1879, Dr. William J. Beal buried 20 jars full of sand and seeds on the grounds of Michigan State University. He was hoping to answer questions about seed dormancy and long-term seed viability. Farmers and gardeners have often wondered: “How many years would one have to spend weeding until there are no more weeds left to pull?” Seeds only remain viable for so long, so if weeds were removed…
Seed dormancy is important as an adaptive trait for weeds that help ensure the continuance of weed species in the soil seed bank. This study examined the effects of some priming treatments including hydropriming, gibberellic acid (GA3), potassium nitrate (KNO3), priming duration and light regime on seed dormancy breaking of Papaver rhoeas and P. dubium. The result showed that all treatments significantly stimulated germination of both Papaver species. Soaking seeds in distilled water led to significant increase in germination in both species. Maximum germination percentage was observed for 24 h hydro-priming treatments (32.4% for P. dubium and 34.6% for P. rhoeas) in light/dark condition. In general 0.5 g.L-1 KNO3 treatments resulted in more vigorous seed germination in both species at any duration compared to any other concentration of the potassium nitrate. In both species the highest seed germination was achieved when the seeds were treated 24 h with 0.5 g.L-1 KNO3 solution but it was decreased in 6 g.L-1. Among the priming treatments with GA3, the highest germination of both species was recorded in seed treated with 500 and 750 ppm GA3 respectively in P. dubium and P. rhoeas for 48h.
The Spring Equinox was earlier this week and while the calendars might say it's spring, some days it doesn't necessarily feel like it. The prairie is beautiful, but it's a harsh place to live sometimes. There is limited water and the climate alternates frequently between extremes. So even though the calendars say spring, the prairie is slow to wake up. The patient sort, the prairie knows to wait.
Most people might think it's too early to start even thinking about gardening, but that depends on the types of plants you're planting. Many domesticated garden varieties of plants and agricultural crops have been selectively breed to reduce seed dormancy for human benefit. The seeds from domesticated plants germinate more readily and more consistently than their wild cousins. Which makes them easier to grow, harvest, and eat, but because of that they require a lot more babying and care. Wild plants are much tougher.
Seeds are living organisms, the offspring of plants, and they contain everything a seedling needs so it can germinate and grow. Wild seeds are incredibly patient, they will wait months, sometimes years, before they will even consider growing. Some have armor so thick that it has to be chipped away at by rocks and ice, freeze and thaw cycles, before water and air can even get to the seed. Others contain acids and hormones that have to be used up between specific temperature ranges before they'll even think about sprouting. While others, not fully developed, are knocked off the fronds and petals of their parents, children that brave the elements and just prefer to wait and see. Wild seeds do not rely on a calendar, because they know and can feel when it is truly spring. When it is safe for them to finally venture out into the world and grow.
I have no idea if this Rocky Mountain Bee Plant that I planted will grow this season. It's suggested to do fall plantings so it'll overwinter. It has a very thick and tough seed coat. I'm hoping the abrading I did and the snow might help it along a little. If not, it'll be a surprise for next year.
A couple of Pronghorn lads enjoying the trail.
CW: dead animal, road kill below cut
This Beaver was hit by a car trying to cross the road. Underneath the road there is a storm drain that connects a retention pond and feeds into the creek at the site that I work at. The storm drain is grated off, to help improve the flow of water and to make sure detritus doesn't get stuck in the channel, which increases the chances of flooding. Because this Beaver was trying to follow the water and because the drain was grated off, they had no choice but to cross the heavily trafficked road. It's unfortunate that urban infrastructure often does not consider the needs of all living things. Grating off that storm drain means no wildlife can use it as safe passage.
I salvaged the tail from this Beaver for educational purposes for work, the rest them was too far gone to keep, so my coworker and I moved them off the road and onto the shoulder a safe distance away from any cars.
Most likely this Beaver will first become food for scavengers, Coyotes and Corvids, before it starts to decompose. Insects will lay their eggs on its rotting flesh so their larvae will have something to eat, perhaps the fur will become a part of someones nest, and then the bones will bleach. Crumble to dust and return to the soil to feed the billions of microorganisms beneath. It will help the plants grow. Maybe some day, it might even help another Beaver live.
It's sad this Beaver died, but in nature nothing is wasted and nothing is forgotten. Life and death are so inextricably linked and one does not exist without the other.
And heck, maybe that Beaver tail I kept might inspire a future engineer. Help them build a better and more compassionate storm drain.
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It is defined as, “In an inactive state, when growth and development of a seed, bud, etc slow or cease, in order to survive adverse environmental conditions”.
Seeds of numerous plants do not germinate readily even if all the conditions favorable for their germination are provided to these. The germination may be delayed for days, weeks, or even months. The seed of such plants are…
The exact role of leaf litter and its interaction with irradiance in tree species regeneration is still poorly understood. We conducted a three – factor full…
Can Frozen Seeds Survive for Centuries? We're Banking on It
Can Frozen Seeds Survive for Centuries?
In the race to save native plants like purple New England aster and fragrant American mountain mint, the Chicago Botanic Garden freezes seeds for future use—but will frozen seeds be able to grow after hundreds of years in storage? Researchers are trying to find out. Environmental threats such as climate change have caused thousands of plants to become rare or endangered. The tallgrass prairie,…
