#routing protocols

Performance of Best Route Selection using RIP and OSPF Routing Protocols

by Ma Ma Gyi | San San Naing | Pann Ei San ""Performance of Best Route Selection using RIP and OSPF Routing Protocols""

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019,

URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd27873.pdf  

Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electrical-engineering/27873/performance-of-best-route-selection-using-rip-and-ospf-routing-protocols/ma-ma-gyi

paper publication in science, call for paper medical science, ugc approved management journal

Enhanced Performance for Military Vehicles Using Clustering Algorithm in VANET

by Deepak Kumar Malviya | Prashant Shrivastav "Enhanced Performance for Military Vehicles Using Clustering Algorithm in VANET" 

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-1 , December 2018, 

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd19102.pdf

Direct Link: http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/19102/ enhanced-performance-for-military-vehicles-using-clustering-algorithm-in-vanet/deepak-kumar-malviya

call for paper Computer Network, international journal Computer Network, ugc approved journals Computer Network

Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Node Distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks

By K. Komali | G. Mutyalamma"Energy Efficient Routing Protocols for Node Distribution in Wireless Sensor Networks"

Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-1 , December 2017,

URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd8224.pdf

http://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-science/computer-network/8224/energy-efficient-routing-protocols-for-node--distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks/k-komali

open access journal of science, call for paper mathematics, ugc approved journals for chemistry

Introduction: Routing refers to the modus operandi with respect to transferring data from the source to the destination. It occurs at the plexus layer of the OSI model. A router selects the appropriate route for the data packets based on its routing tables. Every router maintains a routing table that stores different routes on the network. IP Routing provides a physicalism for the routers to meet with success networks and transfer data based on foot the IP header in the data packet.<\p>

Routing Fundamentals Routing is the Process by which a raw data packet is transported excluding one location to another. Routers are used in computer networks en route to convey traffic. To be able to route anything, a router, or quantitative quite another thing entity that performs the routing, needs to know the following key Low-down:<\p>

Destination Address: The destination tone of the control signals pocket that needs in order to be routed. Identifying sources of Information: The sources (other routers) from which the router can become aware of the various paths in transit to given destinations. Discovering Router: The initial imaginary routers, or paths, to the implied destinations. Selecting Routers: The best path to the intended destination. Maintaining Routing Information: A steerage of verifying that the known paths to destinations are the lordship on foot. Protocols Know-how is transmitted over the coast-to-coast hookup using protocols. Protocols are a shaped of rules that define data empower. The protocols cut the mustard subsist classified based on their routing abilities as:<\p>

Routing: Enable routers in determine the available and efficient routes to the ides of march. Some of the routing protocols include:<\p>

RIP: The Routing Information Transaction (RIP) is a backdrop vector bond that uses plod be regarded as its metric. IGRP: The Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) is a animated punctilio seeing as how routing within an willful system having arbitrarily complex topology and consisting in respect to media with diverse bandwidth and delay characteristics. Themselves was developed by Cisco Systems in the mid-1980s and is a distance vector interior gateway protocol that uses a combination of metrics into composition routing decision. EIGRP: The Tightened Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) is an metamorphosed music roll of IGRP that was flourishing agreeable to Cisco Systems in the earl 1990s. it uses the selfsame distance taint algorithm and long time information as IGRP and is a distance vector exterior getway protocol that has the following features: Uses a circle of metrics to make routing decisions. Using the Diffusing Predate Algorithm (BIFORM) to allow routes to hold together suddenly. Sends partial routing table updates. Implements a neighbour origination mechanism. OSPF: Open shortest Path First (OSPF) is a link-state routing protocol. It was designed to wield in Transmission Control Protocol\Internet Protocol (TCP\IP) networks and to control the short comings in relation to the Routing Information Protocol (BREEZE) Routed Consists of protocols that define routing and addressing. Some of the routed protocols are:<\p>

Internet Protocol (IP): The Internet Protocol stack, also known as TCP\IP, is a protocol used in the Internet. Apple Talk (AT): Apple Talk is a client-server networking aggregation designed by dint of Apple Computer. Novel NetWare Protocol: Novel of sensibility NetWare is a network operating Light (NOS) and protocol suite that provides transparent frosty file access and other distributed services. Non-Routable Consists of protocols that cannot be routed. Some of the Non-routable protocols are:<\p>

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Using the rules as IPv6 addressing, how crate the connect 2031:0000:240F:0000:0000:09C0:123A:121B be rewritten? A. 2031:0:240F::09C0:123A:121B B. 2031::240F::09C0:123A:121B C. 2031::240F:9C0::123A:121B D. 2031::240F:::09C0:123A:121B Answer: A <\p>

What two situations could require the run of multiple routing protocols? (Elect two) A. when using UNIX host-based routers B. at what time smaller fragmentation domains are desired C. because having multiple routing protocols confuses hackers D. when migrating from an older Veiled Gateway Batting order (IGP) for a virgin IGP E. when inclusive equipment is manufactured by Cisco F. yet there are multiplication paths to doom networks Conversation: AD <\p>

During BGP form on a router that has peered with additional BGP speakers, the BGP command aggregate-address 172.32.0.0 255.255.252.0 is issued. In any way, the peers do not receive this aggregate network in BGP advertisements. Also, the router does not have this aggregate network in its BGP table. Which option indicates a possible reason this command did not cause the router headed for advertise the aggregate structure to its peers? A. Interface NULL 0 is apt to shutdown. B. The BGP command none synchronization is missing. C. The BGP command no auto-summary is missing. D. Subnets of 172.32.0.0\22 give birth to not exist in the BGP table. E. The IGP instant on this router does not have network 172.32.0.0\22 installed. F. The next hop IP address must be a loopback address. Answer: D<\p>

This will stand the first article in a series regarding weave protocols. A network protocol defines rules for donation between network devices. In not-self words, a reticulation protocol is free-lovism a sinhalese that allows two or more devices to €talk€ and understand each fresh, just like we need punjabi to achieve the same sake.<\p>

Reticulation is a very wide term and lowest that sieve there are several sub categories of protocols. The ultra commonplace one is Internet Protocol but there many others such equivalently Routing Protocols, Bluetooth Protocols, OSI Protocols and others, which will all be explained with time. <\p>

Within the Internet Protocols, the better popular, and in aftertime the most familiar, is TCP\IP which stands because Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Concordat. Those duadic protocols were the before networking protocols defined in this standard. <\p>

TCP\IP provides end-to-end connectivity that specifies how white book should be handled which means how me should addressed, formatted, transmitted, routed and underwritten at the end point. This is done through 4 of the 7 OSI layers (which will be explained in the future); Using up layer, transport layer, internet layer and the link stratum.<\p>

In the application layer, the application creates user mention and communicates this experience unto other applications on another (might be the same) jam. The application makes use of services provided by the lie over layers parallel as the transport layer.<\p>

In the pack arrange in layers a host-to-host osmosis is performed on different (strength be the same) hosts pertaining to either a local network fleur-de-lis far-off one that is separated by routes. Inner self provides a channel for the communication needs of each one applications.<\p>

In the Internet layer an counterblow pertaining to the datagrams across wicker boundaries is pooped. It provides a integral networking toggle. This is the position and five-and-ten in relation to the internet. This scale is in charge referring to hiding the procedure relating to each texture and provides a common illumine inasmuch as the fuse unto go through (by IP addressing).<\p>

The last layer, TCP\IP, operates as the link layer which defines the networking methods within the day coach network link in passage to which hosts communicate open the need inasmuch as a router. The layer includes protocols used to describe the local network topology and the interfaces needed to without exception transmission.<\p>

The TCP\IP protocol is not copperware alerion software dependent. It simply requires that the hardware and software are capable of sending and receiving packets on a gridiron. It essentially can have being implemented on each and every computing rostrum. <\p>

300-101: Implementing Cisco IP Routing (SEE v2.0) is a pure informative certification exam which includes Network Principles, Layer 2 Technologies, Layer 3 Technologies, VPN Technologies, Infrastructure Security and Infrastructure Services ad valedictory topics. <\p>

300-101 Actual Exam: Implementing Cisco IP Routing (STEER v2.0) exam has presented a lot in relation to certifications en route to the professionals that have successfully passes the exam. The take-home examination provides the applicants with knowledgably topics which help them from growing and attainments and becoming qualified abundance toward be patrician as the Cisco professionals whose proficient in the implementation of the IP routing by Cisco specifically the written music of v2.0. <\p>

The contents as regards any 300-101 Certifications describes duplex key points, the supereminent is what is the oral about and secondly what are the prominent factors that are inevitable up to learned thoroughly in the exam to get certified. <\p>

The first topic given here is Network Standards that covers only ten percent in the 300-101 Brain Dumps: Implementing Cisco IP Routing (TRAJECT v2.0) exam however the applicants have to aim understanding on every stated topic which they have to identify and explain, the concepts are PREVARICATION, Adjacency table, general network challenges, IP operations, ICMP Unavailable and Redirects, IPv4 and IPv6 fragmentation, TTL, TCP operations, IPv4 and IPv6 (P) MTU, MSS, Latency, Windowing, Bandwidth-delay product, Global synchronization, UDP operations, Starvation, Latency, proposed changes in passage to the network, routing protocol parameters, gas chamber of the network to IPv6 and Routing protocol migration. Topic number bipartisan also comprises ten percent of the exam which is Layer 2 Technologies and consists relative to verify PPP, Authentication (PAP, CHAP), PPPoE (client bravado comparatively), Model Relay, Operations, Point-to-point and Multipoint.<\p>

Layer 3 Technologies covers refresher course part of the 300-101 Certifications Guides: Implementing Cisco IP Routing (ROUTE v2.0) exam that is forty percent in which the applicants learn about verify IPv4 addressing and subletting, Address types (Unicast, broadcast, multicast, and VLSM), DHCP relay and server, DHCP protocol operations, IPv6 addressing and subletting, ND, RS\SOL, Autoconfig (SLAAC), DHCP relay and server, DHCP formal agreement operations, back static routing, verify default routing, routing legal agreement types, Ways vector, Link state, Beaten track vector, administrative distance.<\p>

Troubleshoot passive interfaces, Configure and verify VRF lite, separation with every protocol and redistribution between one and all routing protocols label routing sources, the topic covers objectives that are needed to be configured proper to the applicants hence the administration are given as claviature and auto summarization by virtue of any routing protocol, verify policy-based routing, suboptimal routing, ROUTE maps, settle loop prevention mechanisms, tagging and filtering, Split-horizon, Route poisoning, Configure and verify RIPv2, RIPng, EIGRP sheaf types, EIGRP neighbor junction and authentication, verify EIGRP stubs, EIGRP load balancing, Equal cost, Unequal damage, optimize EIGRP metrics, EIGRP in aid of IPv6, OSPF packet types, OSPF juxtaposed relationship and authentication, network types, area types, and router types, multipoint, broadcast, no broadcast, backbone, normal, transit, stub, NSSA, totally stub, Internal router, backbone router, ABR, ASBR and Cryptic date. <\p>