TCP/IP Model
TCP/IP Model
TCP/IP Model stands for the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Model. This model is developed by the Advanced Research Project Agency Network that is known as the ARPANET.
Fig: ARPANET
TCP/IP Model is the model that has the four layers. And TCP/IP is the more reliable than Open System Interconnection Model. And TCP/IP model is the model that has the not very strict boundaries. This Model is the model that follow the approach of the horizontal approach. TCP/IP model is the model in which application layer is the combination of the session and presentation layers. In this model the layer of transport does not provide the assurance delivery of the user data/packets. The network layer of this model is provide the services of connection less. This Model is tough with respect to the replacement of the protocols.
Fig: TCP/IP Model
Following are the four layers of the TCP/IP Model:
Application Layer
Transport Layer
Internet Layer
Link Layer
Application Layer
Application layer is the layer that is the combination of the OSI model's 5th,6th, and 7th layers. This layer is the layer that has the responsibility of the node to node communication and also control the UI specifications. Some are the protocols of this layer:
Http that use the port number 80.
Https that use the port number 443.
FTP that use the port number 20-21.
SSH that use the port number 22.
Telnet that use the port number 23.
SMTP that use the port number 25.
TFTP that use the port number 69.
Transport Layer
This layer is the layer that is responsible for the end to end communication and the error remove delivery of the user data. This layer is known as the host to host layer. Here are the two most important protocols that are below:
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)
TCP is Reliable.
TCP is Connection Oriented.
TCP is Slower than UDP.
UDP (User Datagram Protocol)
UDP is Unreliable.
UDP is Connectionless.
UDP is Faster.
Internet Layer
Internet layer is the layer that equivalent to the network layer of the OSI model. It is responsible for the logical transmission of the data. This is the second layer of the TCP/IP model. This is also known as the network layer and the main point is that this layer is responsible for the delivery of the packets.Open Shortest Path First is the example protocol of the internet layer and this protocol is based on the Dijkstra Algorithm and that algorithm also known as the shortest path first algorithm and link state algorithm. These are the three names of one algorithm of the internet layer's routing protocol OSPF.
Link Layer
This layer is the 1st layer of the TCP/IP Model and that layer is also known as the network access layer. It is very helpful for the understanding of the how data should sent through the network. This layer concern with the how the data transmit between the two devices.

















