Was Christ a common name around the time the Bible was written?
No, because “Christ” is not a name; it is a title. It comes from the Ancient Greek word χριστός (chrīstós), which means “anointed one.” The Greek word comes from the verb χρίω (chrī́ō), which means “to anoint.” The word in Greek is used in the New Testament as a calque of the Hebrew word מָשִׁיחַ (māšîaḥ), which also means “anointed one.” Neither of these words were names; they are both, in fact, titles. Nonetheless, because Jesus is so often referred to in the English-speaking world as “Jesus Christ,” many people have come to incorrectly believe that “Christ” is Jesus’s last name.
Ironically, although Christ was certainly not a common name in Jesus’s time—or even a name at all—Jesus actually was an extremely common name. The name Jesus is an Anglicization of the Latin name Iesus, which is a Latinization of the Greek name Ἰησοῦς (Iēsoûs), which is a Hellenization of Jesus’s original name in Aramaic ישוע (Yēšū́aʿ).
Yēšū́aʿ was an extremely common name for Jewish men in the early first century AD. Indeed, Jesus of Nazareth is not even the only person by that name who is mentioned in the New Testament. Other notable Jesuses mentioned in the New Testament include Jesus Barabbas in the gospels and Jesus Justus in the Book of the Acts of the Apostles.
