#ft-ir

РЕЗЮМЕ. Мета дослідження полягала у вивченні генотоксичного впливу кумарину (2H-1-бензопиранон-2-он) на Lens culinaris Medik cv Sultan у розрізі поліморфізму ДНК та кількісного визначення білку. Значення ефективної концентрації визначали згідно з пробіт-моделлю – типом регресії, коли залежна змінна може приймати лише два значення, тобто життя чи загибель, після 48 або 72 год обробки. На основі цього аналізу було встановлено, що значення ефективної концентрації EC50 становить близько 278 мкм, що було округлено до 300 мкм. Бульбочки обробляли за допомогою 300 мкм (EC50), 600 мкм (2X EC50) концентрацій, а у контрольній групі застосовували розчин Хогланда. Після застосування 10 RAPD праймерів результати аналізу показали праймери профілю 2 мономорфних і 8 поліморфних смуг для обробки за допомогою концентрації кумарину в 600 мкм та 300 мкм порівняно з контрольною групою. Загалом, 39 з 97 смуг було визначено як поліморфні, а встановлений відсоток поліморфізму склав 48,75 %. SDS-PAGE аналіз для профілю загального білку показав відмінності між групами, в яких проводили обробку. Окрім проведення ПЛР аналізу, зразки коренів вивчали за допомогою інфрачервоної спектроскопії із застосуванням перетворення Фур’є (FT-IR), щоб становити вплив кумарину на кількісне вираження структури біомолекул L.culinaris. Однофакторний дисперсійний аналіз (ANOVA) застосували для розрахунку статистичних відмінностей між групами (P < 0,05).

Polyethylene (PE), a petroleum-based plastic, is the most frequently used variety on the planet. Bioremediation is regarded a potential answer among the strategies being used to deal with the increasing pace of plastic accumulation. Bioremediation is a long-term technique to managing environmental toxins that relies on microbial populations. We attempted to detect and isolate PE degrading bacteria from the soil of the Ariyamangalam rubbish dumpsite near Trichy, India, in this research. A clear zone creation test was used to identify five bacterial isolates capable of degrading plastic, and other biochemical tests were used to describe them. Before incubation, physiochemical characteristics such as pH, temperature, weight, and electrical conductivity were measured. HDPE bags were cut into pieces, inoculated with each of the five bacterial isolates in the artificial nutritional media, and subjected to degradation in the incubator for 75 days at 37°C with continuous shaking. Analytical techniques such as Fourier Transform-Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) were used after 75 days of incubation to validate PE breakdown and identify the degraded intermediary chemicals contained in the inoculum. Some of the intermediary chemicals have been discovered to have medicinal and commercial value. The surface erosion of HDPE strips and the structure of bacteria were observed using a scanning electron microscope. Staphylococcus sp. and Bacillus sp. were shown to be the most effective HDPE degrading bacteria isolates, with 46 percent and 43 percent, respectively.

Aims: To investigate, by infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), the chemical composition of urinary calculi obtained from patients of Buenos Aires, Argentina. 

Duration of Study: The composition of the urinary calculi was evaluated in a retrospective study from March 1993 to December 2018.

Methodology: Infrared spectra of the urinary calculi were recorded in a Bruker IFS-25 FT-IR, Bruker Alpha-T and in a Nicolet 380 FT-IR spectrophotometers. We included 542 urinary stones (331 from men and 211 from women). The samples were obtained by spontaneous passage, shockwave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy or percutaneous nephrolithotripsy.

Results: Calcium oxalate (both in pure or mixed samples) was detected in 396 cases (73.06%). Anhydrous uric acid and struvite+apatite (7.56%) were both observed most frequently, followed by carbonate apatite + amorphous Ca-phosphate (2.58%) and cystine (2.03%). For some chemical compounds, a significant gender-related difference was found. Applying the second derivative spectra allowed to distinguish between the presence of whewellite, weddellite and their mixture. 73% of recurrent urinary stones were of the same chemical composition.

Conclusion: FT-IR analysis of urinary calculi over a period of 25 years gave an outlook of the prevalence of certain stone components in patients from Buenos Aires, Argentina, which in some cases were found to be gender-related. The results obtained are in accordance with statistics from other industrialized countries, except for uric acid (13.61%), even pure or combined in other forms, which was more frequent than the world prevalence (up to 10%). FT-IR spectroscopy combined with the second derivative method of analysis proved to be a powerful tool to discriminate mixed oxalates whose composition only differed in one water molecule. Author(s) Details

Prof. Dr. Liliana V. Muschietti Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Farmacognosia, IQUIMEFA (UBA-CONICET). Junín 956, 2°P (1113), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Prof. Dr. Viviana Campo DallOrto Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Cátedra de Química Analítica, IQUIFIB (UBA-CONICET). Junín 956 3°P (1113), Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Prof. Dr. Gustavo L. Garrido Cátedra de Urología, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín”, Av. Córdoba 2351 4°P (1120), Buenos Aires, Argentina.