#easytense

Uses

We can use 'wish' to talk about something that we would like to be different in the present or the future. It's used for things which are impossible or very unlikely. 

We also use 'wish' with 'could' to talk about things in the present or future that we would like to be different. In this situation, 'could' is the past simple of 'can'. 

Try this exercise: http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/wish-exercise-1.html

We don't usually use 'wish' in this way for things that are really possible in the future. Instead, we use 'hope'

Wish + (that) + would:

On the other hand, we use 'would' with 'wish' in a little bit of a special way. It's generally used about other people who are doing (or not doing) something that we don't like and we want that person to change. It's not usually used about ourselves, or about something which nobody can change though, exceptionally, we do use it about the weather. 

We don't usually use 'would' when there's no feeling that we want somebody to change their behaviour. 

Wish + (that) + past perfect

We can use 'wish' with the past perfect to talk about regrets from the past. These are things that have already happened but we wish they'd happened in a different way. This use of 'wish' is very similar to the third conditional. 

Wish + to + infinitive

We can use 'wish' with the infinitive to mean 'would like'. This is very formal. We don't usually use a continuous tense with 'wish' in this case. 

Wish + object + to + infinitive

In the same way, we can use 'wish' with an object and an infinitive. 

Wish + somebody + something:

This is used mostly in set phrases. 

Gerund: Add and “ing” to the end of any verb

Infinitive: Add and “to” before the verb

Uses

Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or the complement of a sentence. However, as subjects or complements, gerunds usually sound more like normal, spoken English, whereas infinitives sound more abstract. In the following sentences, gerunds sound more natural and would be more common in everyday English. Infinitives emphasize the possibility or potential for something and sound more philosophical. If this sounds confusing, just remember that 90% of the time, you will use a gerund as the subject or complement of a sentence 

As the object of a sentence, it is more difficult to choose between a gerund or an infinitive. In such situations, gerunds and infinitives are not normally interchangeable. Usually, the main verb in the sentence determines whether you use a gerund or an infinitive. 

Some verbs are followed by gerunds as objects. Click at this link to see the list: http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/gerund_list.htm

Some verbs are followed by infinitives. Click at this link to see the list: http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/infinitive_list.htm

Gerunds can often be modified with possessive forms such as his, her, its, your, their, our, John's, Mary's, the machine's, and so on. This makes it clearer who or what is performing the action

Some verbs are followed by a noun plus an infinitive. In some situations, the noun is required. In other situations, the noun is optional. Click at this link to see the list: http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/verb_noun_infinitive_list.htm

Some verbs are usually followed by a gerund, BUT they can also be followed by a noun plus infinitive. Using a noun plus infinitive will usually change who is performing the action. Click at this link to see the list: http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/gerund_or_noun_infinitive_list.htm

There are many "go + gerund" expressions used for adventure sports and individual recreational activities.  Click at this link to see the list: http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/go_gerund.htm

Gerunds are used after prepositions. Most commonly, these are "verb + preposition" combinations. For reference, see the Verb + Preposition Dictionary and thePhrasal Verb Dictionary (click at the link). You don't have to memorize these resources, you just need to remember that gerunds are used after prepositions!

Remember that there are many "adjective + preposition" combinations and "noun + preposition" combinations in English as well. These are also followed by gerunds.List of Adjective + Preposition Combinations Followed by Gerunds and List of Noun + Preposition Combinations Followed by Gerunds. Once again, you don't have to memorize these resources, you just need to remember that gerunds are used after prepositions!