#dsm6

the dsm5 said that if ssris give you mania it is not a problem with the meds and is indicative of bipolar disorder

ZeroTier doesn't work on DSM 7. Running it in Docker is possible, but Docker is not available for 32-bit ARM-based models, even unofficially (unless you're willing to build the binary yourself).

Downgrade involves wiping the NAS.

In short, the procedure goes like this:

Get the NAS into "migratable" state. This means that DSM boots into a "bootstrap" mode rather than normally. You can trigger this by popping in a fresh HDD or editing /etc.defaults/VERSION to an older version.

Reboot the NAS.

Try to install DSM 6. It will fail, but telnet will be made available on port 23.

Edit the VERSION file again. Make sure to use correct values. Otherwise the installation will fail.

update on Synology NAS

Some moons back I had written a TuT Python Script to Reboot the LinkSys EA3500 router and Rebooting the ADSL Router when it cannot Access Internet; Synology has released DSM6, which removes CLI Telnet subset from busybox, hence the above script would not work for “telnet”.

Further DSM6 does not allow IPKG to be installed, hence the following TuT is install IPKG and then Install “utelnetd” –…

A Summary of Knowledge Gap Theory by Alyssa Maac

           Many people say that poverty is not a hindrance for education. However, there are salient circumstances wherein it is necessary for money to be involved. Materials, food, resources, transportation; these everyday necessities almost always require spending some money. Thus, even though there are public schools and public news sources, sometimes it is not enough to educate people. The theory that believes that the increase of information in society is not evenly acquired by every member of society: and that people with higher socioeconomic status tend to have better ability to acquire information is called the Knowledge Gap Theory (Weng, S.C. 2000). In this theory, knowledge is treated as any other commodity which is not distributed equally throughout the society and the people at the top of the ladder has more easy access to it.

           This theory was first proposed in 1970 by Philip J. Tichenor (then Associate Professor of Journalism and Mass Communication), George A. Donohue (Professor of Sociology), and Clarice N. Olien (Instructor in Sociology); all of the three researchers in the University of Minnesota. They defined the Knowledge Gap theory, “as the infusion of mass media information into a social system increases, higher socioeconomic status segments tend to acquire this information faster than lower socioeconomic status population segments so that gap in knowledge between the two tends to increase rather than decrease.”  In simple words it means, as the access to mass media increases, those particular segments of population, especially those of the higher class, inevitably gain information faster. Hence, the wide gap increases with the lower economic class of the population. The world is yet to see the complete effect of the new technologies but as the world turns more technological, the expense rises and it goes much more out of the league of the poor. As a result, the knowledge gap also widens and the people of the higher economic class gain the benefits more. If the information services are not made equal for the entire society, this gap of information will increase over the years.

           The knowledge gap can result in an increased gap, in social and literacy context, between people of lower and higher socioeconomic status. The attempt to improve people’s life with information via the mass media might not always work the way it is really planned. Mass media might have the effect of increasing the difference gap between members of social classes. This leads to a division of two groups: a group of better-educated people who know more about most things, and those with low education who know less. Lower socio-economic status (SES) people; (defined partly by educational level) have little or no knowledge about public affairs issues. They are also disconnected from news events and important new discoveries, and usually aren’t concerned about their lack of knowledge.

           Tichenor, Donohue and Olien (1970) present five reasons for justifying the knowledge gap and why these patterns of gap exist: (1) communication skills – people of higher socioeconomic status have better communication skills, education, reading, comprehending and remembering information. As a person receives more education, his communication, reading, and understanding skills increases. Hence; gathering information and understanding the issues of various spheres becomes easier and better for him. (2) Stored information – people of higher socioeconomic status can store information more easily (via classrooms, textbooks, discussions). An educated person is also exposed to much more topics than a less educated person and hence his awareness is more. (3) Relevant social contact – a person with more education has more relevant social integration. This helps him to encounter various perspectives and diverse stories that make his understanding of public issues better. (4) Selective exposure – people of higher socioeconomic status are better in selective exposure, acceptance and retention. An educated person knows well the optimum use of a medium; on the other hand, a person with no knowledge is unlikely to know it. Hence, he will be less interested and less aware of the issues around the world, and he may not also know of how it may affect him. (5) Media target markets – the nature of the mass media itself is that, it is geared toward persons of higher socioeconomic status. For every product, news or any commodity; a certain segment is targeted and it is usually the higher strata of the society, hence, the lower strata remain unaware.

           After surveying on local and national issues by the end of 1975, George A. Donohue and his other colleagues came up with three variables which would help to reduce the gap and might fail this theory up to a certain extent. (1) Impact of local issues – it was seen that local issues, that directly impacted the people, had aroused more of social concern than national issues that did not have such a great impact; hence, in these local issues, widened gap could be reduced. (2) Level of social conflict surrounding the issue – until a communication breakdown, issues with more perceived conflict tends to grab more attention; thus, weakening the knowledge gap hypothesis. (3) Homogeneity of the community – if it is a homogeneous community, the gap tends to be lesser than a wider heterogeneous community.

The knowledge gap can be used to describe presidential campaigns. The knowledge gap hypothesis holds that, when new information enters a social system via a mass media campaign, it is likely to aggravate underlying inequalities in previously held information. However, the results of the analysis show that knowledge gaps do not always grow over the course of presidential campaigns and that some events, such as debates, may actually reduce the level of information inequality in the electorate.

The knowledge gap is evident in our society. There are a lot of lower socioeconomic people in our country and most of them are oblivious in what is happening with the extra-judicial killings in our country. It is quite hard for them to know for this type of explanation can’t be found on common books and internet sources. Also, they are not aware of the process one must go through in a court before being imprisoned. Consequently, many people run away from police whenever they try to arrest them down and it eventually leads to killing.

Media presenting information should realize that people of higher socioeconomic status get their information in a different way than lower educated people. Furthermore, this hypothesis might help in understanding the increased gap between people of higher socioeconomic status and people of lower socioeconomic status. It can be used in finally approaching new ways of communication so that real equality can be achieved.

Resources:

http://communicationtheory.org/knowledge-gap-theory/

https://www.utwente.nl/cw/theorieenoverzicht/Theory%20Clusters/Media,%20Culture%20and%20Society/knowledge_gap/

http://www.slideshare.net/SaimaSam/knowledge-gap-theory