#brightener

Radiant, youthful Skin with the right lightening solution. The Samhealthyskin 24K Gold serum caviar lightener is a premium skincare formula designed to support visible skin lightening, improve uneven skin tone and reduces signs of aging. This serum not only support overall skin health but also ensures that lightening effects are evenly distributed across your complexion for a balanced glow.…

Key Takeaways Concealer, color corrector, and under-eye brightener are the most common cosmetics used to address darkness, redness, and dullness in the eye area. Each one serves a unique purpose, and if you plan to use all three, the under-eye brightener should be applied first, followed by the color corrector, and finishing with concealer. If you have concerns about your under-eye area, you’ve…

Electroplating involves applying a thin layer of metal onto an object using an electric current. While undertaking electroplating. A variety of additives are used in the electroplating process.

Some of the key additives used are as under:

Levelers Levelers are additives which help in refining the surface of the plated metal, diminishing roughness and enhancing the visual quality of the finish. Typical levelers are gelatin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), and molasses.

Brighteners Brighteners help in improving the brightness, luster, and leveling of the plated metal surface by inhibiting the growth of large crystals and promoting a smoother, more reflective finish. Some of the brighteners used are thiourea, mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT), and organic sulfides.

Wetting Agents Wetting agents help control the distribution of ions in the plating solution, reduce the formation of hydrogen gas bubbles, and prevent surface defects such as pitting and blistering during the electroplating process. Common wetting agents include alcohols and surfactants.

Conductivity Agents Conductivity Agents help to increase the conductivity of the plating solution, allowing for efficient transfer of electric current during the electroplating process. They also assist in maintaining the proper pH level and chemical balance of the plating bath. Acids, bases, and salts are common conductivity agents.

Stress reducers Stress reducers are added to the electroplating bath in specific concentrations to optimize the plating process and ensure the deposition of high-quality, stress-free coatings. Common stress reducers include saccharin and levulinic acid.

Grain refiners Grain refiners influence the grain size and structure of the deposited metal. They can help produce coatings with finer grain sizes, which often exhibit improved mechanical properties such as hardness and wear resistance. Some of the grain refiners used are polyethylene glycol (PEG), aldehydes, and  sodium thiosulfate.

The selection and concentration of additives depend on factors such as the type of metal being plated, the desired properties of the plated layer, and the specific requirements of the plating process. Adjusting the composition and concentration of additives can help optimize the electroplating process to achieve the desired coating characteristics.

Have you ever tried masking fluid or masking tape, only to have your paper tear when you tried to remove them? It’s a common problem. Or you may have removed them with no problem, but been unhappy with the solid line they left. These two items are considered resists – a medium that will protect the paper from watercolor, leaving the white of the paper. There are other resist mediums available.…